2nd Quarter:

Modern Art

By: Juezan, J.P.

Mapeh 10

Modern Art

- From the Industrial Revolution of the late 1800s, the world zoomed into the Electronic Age in
the mid-1900s, then into the present Cyberspace Age.

- The Modern Art period includes work from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, from 1880
through the 1960s.

Modern Art

- The era were variety of art styles were introduced.

- Europe was the birth place for these new styles – styles that greatly influenced the art created
later in America.

- Europe’s art in the 20th Century was the inspiration of America’s modern art.

What is Style?

- a way of doing something, especially one that is typical of a person, group of people, place,

or period.

- style is something that creates a specific person, place, event and etc. a trademark or
something the he/she/it is known for.

Different Styles of Modern Art

- Impressionism

- Expressionism

- Cubism

- Dadaism

- Surrealism

- Abstract Expressionism

- Pop Art
- Op Art

- Conceptual Art

- Installation Art

Definition, Characteristics and Artists of the style

What is Impressionism?

- Is an art style that tried to capture an impression of what the eye sees at a given moment and
the effect of sunlight on the subject.

- Capturing light and natural forms.

- The thing is, impressionist artists were not trying to paint a reflection of real life, but an
'impression' of what the person, light, atmosphere, object or landscape looked like to them.

What is Impressionism?

- In 1874, a group of artists called the Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors, Printmakers,
etc. organized an exhibition in Paris that launched the movement called Impressionism.

- Impressionism was derived from the painting of Claude Monet which entitled Impression,
Sunrise.

Characteristics of Impressionism

- Conveys the mood and atmosphere with their painting than creating a detailed lifelike replica
of their subject.

Characteristics of Impressionism

- Time and motion are also conscious elements in the works of the impressionists. They
concentrate on painting the changes in color and shape caused by light at different times of the
day.

Characteristics of Impressionism

- Uses patches of color instead of neat outlines. Provides a busy picture that the viewer can
sense what the picture wanted to portray.

- Uses tiny dabs and dashes of bright colors that

are mixed from pure hues .

Characteristics of Impressionism
 - Their subjects usually include the people of the city involved in everyday events, which may
seem unimportant when compared with the grand subjects painted by earlier artists.

Well-known Impressionists

Claude Monet
[klod mɔnɛ]
1840-1926

Born on November 14, 1840 in Paris, France.

Died on December 5, 1926 in Giverny, France.

Claude Monet

 He is the true pioneer of the impressionists.

 His work was the word Impressionism derived.

 One of the most famous painters in the history of art and a leading figure in the Impressionist
movement, whose works can be seen in museums around the world.

 Before he died, he quoted "My only merit lies in having painted directly in front of nature,
seeking to render my impressions of the most fleeting effects.“

Claude Monet

 Monet is best known for his landscape paintings, particularly those depicting his beloved flower
gardens and water lily ponds at his home in Giverny.

 He was a key figure in the transition from realism to impressionism, several of his works
considered as marking the birth of modern art.

Claude Monet

Pierre – Auguste Renoir

[pjɛʁ oɡyst ʁənwaʁ]
1841-1919

Born on February 25, 1841 in Limoges, France

Died on December 3, 1919 in Cagnes-sur-Mer, France

Pierre – Auguste Renoir

 An innovative artist, Pierre-Auguste Renoir started out as an apprentice to a porcelain painter

and studied drawing in his free time.
  His early works were snapshots of real life, full of sparkling color and light.

  By the mid-1880s, however, Renoir broke away from the impressionist movement to apply a
more disciplined, formal technique to portraits of actual people and figure paintings.

Pierre – Auguste Renoir

Impressionists in the Philippines

Definition, Characteristics and Artists of the style

What is Expressionism?

 artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the
subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse within a person.

 It was a movement in Germany in which objective reality was displaced by subjective and strong
emotions, with the consequence that a long-lasting climate of self expression spread.

What is Expressionism?

 Works with more emotional force, rather than realistic or natural images.

 The aim of expressionism was not to replicate an impression inferred by the surrounding world,
but rather to enforce the artist’s own emotional response to the world’s so as to distinguish its
true meaning.

Characteristics of Expressionism

 Uses distorted outlines

 Strong and Arbitrary colors

 Rough Brush strokes

 Exaggerated Forms

Well-known Expressionists

Edvard Munch
[ˈɛ̀dvɑʈ ˈmʊŋk]
1863-1944

Born on December 12, 1863 in Adalsbruk, Norway.

Died on January 23,1944 in Oslo, Norway.

Edvard Munch
 Best known forerunner of expressionism.

 Impressionist painter Edvard Munch emerged as an important source of inspiration for the
Expressionists.

 Throughout his artistic career, Munch focused on scenes of death, agony, and anxiety in
distorted and emotionally charged portraits, all themes and styles that would be adopted by the
Expressionists.

Edvard Munch

 THE SCREAM (1893) is an iconic work of modern times reflecting mankind’s bewilderment and
paranoia with the world around.

 SELF PORTRAIT IN HELL (1903) by Edvard Munch

 Self-Portrait in Hell
clearly reveals how
Munch at the time
perceived his position as
a man and an artist:
a private hell.

Wassily Kandinsky
1866-1944

Born on December 16, 1866 in Moscow, Russia.

Died on December 13,1944 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.

Wassily Kandinsky

 Russian-born painter Wassily Kandinsky is credited as a leader in avant-garde art as one of the
founders of pure abstraction in painting in the early 20th century.

 He began with conventional themes and art forms, but all the while he was forming theories
derived from devoted spiritual study and informed by an intense relationship between music
and color.

Wassily Kandinsky

 These theories coalesced through the first decade of the 20th century, leading him toward his
ultimate status as the father of abstract art.

 Kandinsky believed that each time period puts its own indelible stamp on artistic expression; his
vivid interpretations of color through musical and spiritual sensibilities certainly altered the
artistic landscape at the start of the 20th century going forward, precipitating the modern age.
 Wassily Kandinsky

Expressionism in the Philippines

 Modernist stirring in Europe at the beginning of the 20 th century were particularly felt in
Philippine art.

Expressionism in the Philippines

Victorio Edades (December 1895 – March 1985)

 born in Dagupan, Pangasinan.

 was the pioneer in modernism in the Philippine art scene and he is known as the Father of
Modern Philippine Painting. 

 Came back from studying art abroad (University of Washington in Seattle) in 1928.

Expressionism in the Philippines

The Builders, 1928

 one of his major works.

 Filipino’s public introduction to modern arts.

 the terminal artwork which leads Filipinos to experiment with art styles like expressionism.

Key Points

Key Ideas 1. The arrival of Expressionism announced new standards in the creation and
judgment of art. Art was now meant to come forth from within the artist, rather than from a
depiction of the external visual world, and the standard for assessing the quality of a work of art
became the character of the artist's feelings rather than an analysis of the composition.

Key Ideas 2. Expressionist artists often employed swirling, swaying, and exaggeratedly executed
brushstrokes in the depiction of their subjects. These techniques were meant to convey the
turgid emotional state of the artist reacting to the anxieties of the modern world.

Key Ideas 3. Through their confrontation with the urban world of the early twentieth century,
Expressionist artists developed a powerful mode of social criticism in their serpentine figural
renderings and bold colors. Their representations of the modern city included alienated
individuals (a psychological by-product of recent urbanization) as well as prostitutes, who were
used to comment on capitalism's role in the emotional distancing of individuals within cities.

Definition, Characteristics and Artists of the style

What is Cubism?
 Most avant-garde and groundbreaking revolutionary art.

 Constructed new reality, moving away from traditional ideas of representation leading to
abstraction.

 Old notions of matter, time, and space are shattered.

 abstract art style

 Light and shade not used to convey depth

 Figures broken down into jagged planes of color 

Characteristics of Cubism

• Use of geometric or simple shapes and fragmentations

• Lacks elements of light, atmosphere, and space

• Overlapping Fragments

• Multiple views of the subject

• Two-dimensional and uses radical color

Types of Cubism

Analytic Cubism

 it analyzed the form of objects by shattering them into fragments spread out on the canvas

 This creates the illusion of movement because we can see several angles of the same subject.
kaleidoscope like effect

 The colors in analytical cubism are usually neutral and muted. Changes in value, or shading,
within the many angles help create interest and a sense of density.

 Subject matter is often ambiguous, or hard to determine.

Synthetic Cubism

 Was developed 1912, color was re-introduced with two technical innovations called Papier
Collé & Collage.

 Colors used varies and more appealing.

 This type of cubism is less recognizable.

 Papier Collé involves sticking colored paper onto the canvas and was invented by Braque.
 Collage was subsequently developed by Picasso and involved including all kinds of material such
as newspaper or fabric in the painting.

Founders of Cubism

 Pablo Picasso

 Georges Braque

Pablo Picasso
Oct. 25, 1881 – April 8, 1973

Guernica shows the tragedies of war and the suffering it inflicts upon individuals, particularly
innocent civilians. This work has gained a monumental status, becoming a perpetual reminder of
the tragedies of war, an anti-war symbol, and an embodiment of peace.

Georges Braque
May 13, 1882 – Aug. 31, 1963

Also a member of the movement Fauvism which leads him to the development of the cubism in
the 20th century.
Fauvism is a movement under impressionism emphasizing painterly qualities and strong colors
over the realistic value of impressionism.

Cubism in the Philippines

 Vicente Manansala

 Cesar Legaspi

 Cenon Rivera

Cubism in the Philippines

 Filipino cubist simplified basic geometric forms.

 “easy to understand cubism” kind of cubism or “transparent” cubism

 Fragmented pictorial style was inspired by Braque.