CIE 126: Quantity Surveying

Student Activity Sheet #6

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Surveying: Forms Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Pen and calculator
At the end of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Know the use of forms in the structural members 1. Simplified Construction Estimate,
2. Know how to quantify formworks. third edition, Fajardo,JR., Max
2. Estimating Bill of Materials,
Tagayun, Vicente

Productivity Tip: If you’re truly not feeling like you’re studying your best, try to set some goals for yourself and
reward yourself for hitting those goals.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction:

The structural members of a building are built-up to its desired shapes and dimension through the
use of forms.
Concrete mixture is generally semi-fluid that reproduces the shape of anything into which it is
poured. Thus, concrete forms shall be water tight, rigid and strong enough to sustain the weight of
fresh concrete.
Forms must be simple and economically designed in such a manner that they are easily removed
and re assembled without damage to themselves or to the concrete.

B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 1: Content Notes

Form is a temporary boarding, sheathing or pan used to produce the desired shape and size of
concrete.

Selection of forms are based on:

1. Cost of materials
2. Construction and assembling cost
3. The number of times it could be used
4. Strength and resistance to pressure tear and wear

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #6

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Plywood as form has the following. advantage. It is economical in terms of labor cost. It is lightweight and
handy. It has smooth surface which may not require plastering. Less consumption of nails. Ease of
assembling and disassembling
Standard commercial size of plywood 4ft by 8ft or roughly (120cm x 240cm)

BOARD FOOT OF WOOD FRAME FOR COLUMN AND

BEAM PER PLYWOOD FORM

SIZE OF THICKNESS OF FLYWOOD FORM

WOOD POST BEAM
FRAME 6mm (1/4 ") 12mm (1/2 ") 6mm (1/4 ") 12mm (1/2 ")
2" x 2" 29.67 20.33 25.06 18.66
2" x 3" 44.50 30.50 37.60 28.00

Forms for Square and Rectangular Column

1. Find the lateral perimeter of the column

P = 2 (a + b) + 0.20
P = lateral perimeter of the column
a = shorter side of the column
b = longer side of the column
0.20 = constant value for the lapping of form joints
2. Multiply P by the height of one column times the number of columns to get the total area of the forms
3. Divide the total area by 2.88 (area of plywood) to get the number of plywood forms.
4. Multiply the number of plywood by 29.67 to get the board foot of 2x2 frame, multiply number of plywood by 44.50
to get the board foot of 2x3 frame.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #6

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Sample Problem #1:
Six concrete posts at 4.00 meters high with a uniform cross-sectional dimension of 0.3m x 0.3m. Specify the use of
6mm (1/4”) marine plywood on a 2” by 2” wood frame. List down the materials required using a continuous rib type
form.

Solution:

1. Find the lateral perimeter of column

P = 2 (a + b) + 0.2
P = 2 (0.3 + 0.3) + 0.2
P = 1.4m
2. Multiply “P” by the column height and the number of columns to find the total area of forms.
A = 1.4 x 4 x 6
A = 33.6 square meters
3. Divide the area by 2.88, the area of one plywood form to get the number of plywood required.
Np = 33.6 / 2.88
Np = 11.67 say 12pcs of plywood
4. Multiply the number of plywood to 29.67 to get the board feet of 2” by 2” frame required.
Nf = 12 x 29.67
Nf = 356.04 say 356 board feet of 2” by 2” frame

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #6

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Forms for Beam and Girder

1. Find the lateral perimeter of 2 sides form

P = 2 d + b + 0.10

P = lateral perimeter of the column

d = height of beam (side form)
b = width of beam (bottom form)
0.10 = constant value for the lapping of form

2. Multiply P by the Length of one beam times the number of beams to get the total area of the forms.
3. Divide the total area by 2.88 to get the number of plywood forms.
4. Multiply the number of plywood by 29.67 to get the board foot of 2x2 frame, multiply number of plywood
by 44.50 to get the board foot of 2x3 frame.

Sample Problem 2:
Ten concrete beams with cross sectional dimensions of 0.3 by 0.6meter has a uniform clear span of 4.50 meter. Using
¼” thick 4’ by 8’ plywood form on a 2” by 2” lumber frame. List down the materials required.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #6

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Section: Schedule: Date:

Solution:
1. Find the lateral perimeter of beam.
P = 2d + b + 0.1
P = 2(0.6) + 0.3 + 0.1
P = 1.6 meters
2. Multiple “P” by the length and number of beams to get the area of the forms
A = 1.6 x 4.5 x 10
A = 72 square meters
3. Divide by 2.88 to get the number of plywood required
Np = 72 / 2.88
Np = 25pcs of plywood
4. Multiply the number of plywood to 25.06 (from table of board foot of wood frame for columns
and beams per plywood form.
Nf = 25 x 25.06
Nf = 626.5 bd.ft say 627 bd.ft

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #6

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Activity 2: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem #1:

From the figure below, List down the required materials of formworks for beam 2RDG-2. Using standard
size of phenolic board (1/4” thick) and 2” by 3” wood frame (column dimension 300 x 300mm).

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #6

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Activity 3: Check for Understanding

Question: How many board feet are there in 30 pieces lumber, each measuring 2” x 8” x 14’?
Solution:

Activity 4: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

FAQs:
1. Timber is the most common material used in formworks. Advantage of timber are the following; its
light weight, easy to disassemble, damaged parts can be replaced with new one. Disadvantage of
timber is that it will warp, swell and shrink.
2. Steel is also a material used in formworks. Advantage of steel formwork is that it is very strong an able
to carry heavy loads, easy to fix, uniform size and surface, can be used for a very long time.
Disadvantage of steel are the following; limited size or shape, excessive loss of heat, A very smooth
surface will be produced which would give problems for finishing process.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Surveying: Electrical Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Pen and calculator
At the conclusion of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Have basic knowledge on Electrical Layout. 1. Simplified Construction Estimate,
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities for Electrical Layouts. third edition, Fajardo,JR., Max
2. Estimating Bill of Materials,
Tagayun, Vicente

Productivity Tip: Set time limits for yourself each day. Maybe you won’t start working until mid-morning so
that you can go for a run and eat a healthy breakfast. Maybe you won’t work best at 6 PM since you want to
spend that time with your family. If you set these boundaries for yourself, you will help keep your mental
health in check.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction:
Basically, the electric circuitry in a house or building comprises the branch circuit, the feeder, and
the main. The National Electrical Code provides that the branch circuit that supplies current to
lighting and convenience outlets shall be of ample size and rating to carry the expected load. It
shall at all times be protected with an over current protection called fuse or circuit breaker.

B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 1: Content Notes
Sample Problem #1:
Below is an example of a single family dwelling electrical lighting layout. Let’s try to determine the
following:

a. Size of the branch circuit wire for lighting outlets.

b. Size of the conduit-pipes
c. Size or rating of the fuse protective device.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

From the electrical layout shown, we can determine the number of lighting outlets by direct counting. And
there are 8 light outlets.

The National Electrical Code states that “100 watts shall be the maximum load for each household lighting
outlet. Adopting this we will have:

8 lighting outlets x 100 watts = 800 watts.

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Section: Schedule: Date:
From there we can determine the Total Current Load

800 watts / 230 volts = 3.48 amperes

We can now determine the size of the conductor wire for the lighting circuit. Refer to the Table 2-5 below.
We can use 2 pieces 2.0 mm2 or No. 14 TW copper wire having an ampacity of 15 amperes that is much
larger than the 3.48 amperes computed maximum load.

We can determine the size of the conduit pipe from the table 2-9 below. The smallest conduit pipe that
could accommodate 2 pieces of No. 14 TW conductor wire is 13mm diameter. Therefore, specify 13mm
diameter conduit pipe.

We can determine the size or rating of the fuse protective device from table 4-1 provided below. We can
use 15 amperes fuse.

The National Electrical Code states that “Ampacity of the connected load shall not exceed 80% of the
amperage capacity of the conductor and the fuse”. So, for fuse and wire capacity, 80% of 15 amperes is
equal to 12, therefore we can be safe that it is enough to carry the 3.48 amperes computed load for the
lighting outlets.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

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Section: Schedule: Date:

Above is the convenience outlet layout of the single family dwelling. The National Electrical Code states
that “for each single receptacle shall be considered at no less than 180 watts rating.” Simply means that
each convenience outlet is considered to have a maximum load of not less than 180 watts per plug or
gang.
From the electrical lay out above we can compute for the maximum loading for the convenience outlets.
6 outlets x 2 plugs = 12 pieces
12 pieces x 180 watts = 2,160 watts

Then we can determine the Maximum Expected Current Load

2,160 watts / 230 volts = 9.39 amperes.

We can determine the size of the conductor wire from table 2-5. For 9.39 amperes, we can use 2 pieces
3.5mm2 or No. 12 TW copper wire.

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We can determine the size of the conduit pipe for 2-No.12 TW wire from table 2-9. Use 13mm Conduit
pipe.

Determine the over current fuse protection from table 4-1. There it is provided that 20 amperes fuse can
safely carry the maximum load of the 80% capacity of No. 12 TW wire load of 16 amperes permitted by
the National Electrical Code.

Further examining the Electrical Layout, there we can see other loads.
1-unit electric stove at 1.1 kw = 1,100 watts
1-unit water heater at 2.5 kw = 2,500 watts

Total Load 3,600 watts

Computing for the current load:

3,600 watts / 230 volts = 15.65 amperes

Determining the size of the conductor wire from table 2-5, use 2 pieces 3.5mm2 or No. 12 TW copper
wire

Determining the size of the Conduit Pipe from table 2-9, use a 13mm diameter conduit pipe.

Determining the size or rating of the over current protective fuse fom table 4-1, use 20 amperes fuse
rating.

Size of the Service Entrance

Solve for the total load circuit, lighting outlets + convenience outlets + other outlets.

Total Load = ( 800 watts + 2,160 watts + 3,600 watts ) / 230 volts

Total Load = 28.52 amperes

Apply 80% demand factor as stated in the National Electrical Code.

Total Load = 28.52 ampers x 80%

Total Load = 22.8 amperes

Determine the size of the service wire from table 2-5, use 2 pieces 8.0mm2 or No. 8 TW copper wire.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Determine the size of the conduit pipe for the service wire from table 2-9, use 20mm diameter conduit
pipe.

One Line Diagram

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
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Section: Schedule: Date:

Therefore, we can formulate and estimate for the electrical system of the singe family dwelling house.

Materials Quantity

Safety Switch, 30 amp 1 pcs

Fuse Cutout, two branches 1 unit
30 amperes fuse 2 pcs
20 amperes fuse 2 pcs
15 amperes fuse 2 pcs

8.0 mm2 TW copper wire 50 mts

3.5 mm2 TW copper wire 1
2.0 mm2 TW copper wire 1/2 roll
13mm diameter PVC conduit pipe 18 pcs
20mm diameter PVC conduit pipe 5 pcs

One gang switch with plate 4 pcs

Two gang switch plate 2 pcs
Two gang convenience outlet 6 pcs
Cooking unit outlet 2 pcs
Junction box with screw 7 pcs

Receptacle with screw 8 pcs

Utility box 14 pcs
Incandescent lamp 4 pcs
Fluorescent lamp 4 pcs
Electrical tape (big) 2 pcs

The quantity of materials is subject to change depending upon the area of the house.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Activity 2: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem

Below is a single family dwelling electrical lighting layout. Determine the following:
a. Size of the branch circuit wire for lighting outlets. Divide into two circuits, 1 and 2.
b. Size of the conduit-pipes
c. Size or rating of the fuse protective device.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #7

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Activity 3: Check for Understanding
Question: Do lighting outlets have the same size of wire for an air-condition outlet?

Activity 4: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

FAQs:

1. Ampere is the standard unit used in. measuring the strength of an electric current, named after Andre M.
Ampere.
2. Watt - is the rate or measure of power used or consumed.
3. Volt or Voltage is the electrical pressure that causes the electrons to move through a conductor (wire)

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #8

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Surveying: Sanitary and Plumbing Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Pen and calculator
At the end of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Define the components of sanitary & plumbing in construction 1. Simplified Construction Estimate,
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities of Materials for Sanitary and third edition, Fajardo,JR., Max
Plumbing. 2. Estimating Bill of Materials,
Tagayun, Vicente

Productivity Tip: Exercising and staying healthy will not only be good for you in the long run, but will also help
your productivity in the short run.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction:
Plumbing is the science of installing pipes and other apparatus to supply water in buildings and to
dispose/discharge waste liquids and gases.

B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 1: Content Notes

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #8

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #8

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #8

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

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Galvanized Steel Pipe

The face-to-face method is very convenient in measuring the required length of pipe for a connection.
Allowance for the thread which will enter into the fittings should be provided. Working with galvanized
steel pipes involve major considerations such as:
a. Direct Connections
b. Measuring and cutting
c. Threading operations
d. Sizing of the pipes

Amount of Screwed Pipe into the Fitting

Pipe Diameter Standard Fitting Drainage Fitting
mm inch mm mm
12 1/2 12 -
20 3/4 12 -
25 1 16 -
32 1 1/4 16 16
38 1 1/2 16 16
50 2 20 16
75 3 - 22
100 4 - 25
Sample Problem #1
Determine the length of the galvanized steel pipe required to connect the installation using a 12mm
pipe. Face to face distance is 4.30 meters.
Obtain the additional length of the screw inside the fitting. Refer to the table above.
For 12mm pipe: 1.2cm x 2 ends = 2.4cm

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Add to the face-to-face clear distance of 4.30 m: 430 cm + 2.4 cm = 432.4 cm

The Length of galvanized steel quired for the connection is 432.4 cm

Public Sewer Line

The public sewer line is classified into three types according to the kind of waste disposed:

1. Combination Public Sewer

2. Sanitary Sewer
3. Storm Drain.

Materials required for the public sewer line could be determined by

1. The total distance minus the space occupied by manholes.
2. Net distance is divided by length of one pipe, which is commonly 1 meter
3. Subtract 3% to 4% from the obtained number of pipes in order to get the exact number of pipes
required.

Sample Problem #2

SEWER LINE PLAN

Pipe Diameter 60 cm
Distance between stations 100 meters
Subtract manholes 1 meter
Net distance 99 meters
Divide net distance by length of one pipe 99 / 1 = 99pcs
Subtract 3% to obtain exact pipes required 99 pcs x 97% = 96 pcs

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96 connected pipes will have 95 joints requiring grouting and plastering. Refer to table below to obtain
quantity of cement and sand:

Concrete Pipe Size in cm Cement in Bags Sand in cu.m.

60 0.1320 0.01650
90 0.1980 0.02470
120 0.2640 0.03300
150 0.3200 0.04000
180 0.3760 0.04700
210 0.4430 0.05540
240 0.4960 0.06200
270 0.5580 0.06200
300 0.6160 0.07700

Cement: 95 x 0.132 12.54 Bags

Sand: 95 x 0.0165 2 cubic meters

Size of Septic Tank

Technical Data in Determining Volume of Septic Tank

Minimum width 90 cm
Minimum length 150 cm
Minimum depth of water 120 cm

For residential buildings to serve larger number of people, allocate this volume of
liquid per person 0.14 cu.m.

For a small residential house to serve up to 12 persons, the chamber should have
a liquid content of not more than 2 cu.m.

For school, commercial and industrial establishments, the volume of the septic
tank should not be less than this volume per person 0.057 cu.m.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #8

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Section: Schedule: Date:

Sample Problem #3:

Determine the size of the septic tank to serve 150 persons in an industrial factory.

Refer to the technical data in determining the volume of septic tank.

150 persons x 0.057 = 8.55 cubic meter
Assume 1 meter as width of the tank per 100 persons. Therefore, we can derive
Width = 150 / 100 = 1.50 meters
Maximum depth of a septic tank is 150 cm or 1.50 m. We can derive the length of the septic tank:

L x W x D = Volume
L = Volume / (W x D)
L = 8.55 / (1.5 x 1.5)
L = 3.80 meters

The volume of L is only for the length of the digestion chamber. Divide by 2 then to ass the result to the
value of L. Thus:

(L / 2) + L = 3.80/2 + 3.80 = 5.70m

Therefore, we have the final dimension of septic tank to serve 150 people as:
5.70 meters X 1.50 meters

Activity 2: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem 1

A Motel with toilet, bath and kitchen facilities is to serve a maximum of 300 persons. Determine the Size
of the Septic Tank.

Practice Problem 2
Determine the quantity of galvanized steel pipe required to connect the installation if the face-to-face
distance is 20 meters. Use longest commercial length of steel pipe as 6 meters.

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Section: Schedule: Date:

Activity 3: Check for Understanding

Question: Does size of the concrete hollow blocks affect the quantity of mortar?

Activity 4: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

FAQs:

1. Soil Pipe – a pipe thru which the sewage discharge from water closet passes.
2. Waste Pipe – a pipe which carries liquid waste but not toilet sewage.
3. Vent Pipe – provides air within the installation to prevent suction-locking in a fixture drain.
4. Trap – retains water at its curved section to block obnoxious sewer gasses and prevent them from
coming into the room.
5. Stack – vertical sanitary pipes extending from floor to floor or floor to roof in the building.
6. Coupling / Socket – for joining two pieces of pipes without altering the direction of the conduits
7. Bend / Elbow – facilitates the change of direction of the piping installation.
8. Tee / Sanitary Tee or Wye – fittings that allow a branch to be connected to the longitudinal or main pipe
line.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #9

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Surveying: Earthworks Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Pen and calculator
At the conclusion of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Define what is Earthworks. 1. Simplified Construction Estimate,
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities of Earthworks third edition, Fajardo,JR., Max
2. Estimating Bill of Materials,
Tagayun, Vicente

Productivity Tip: One of the most significant ways to work more productively is to get into a routine where
you wake up, work and have breaks at around the same time each day.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction:
The moving of earth (soil, rock, etc.) is referred to a re-grading and/or earthwork. At a high level,
soil types have various properties and conditions. Soil typically is generally quantified as consisting
of a combination of Silt, Sand, and Clay and these properties may have expansive and/or contractive
properties. For the purposes of the methods presented in this course, we will assume in the analysis
that relocated soil upon compaction will occupy the same volume in the proposed condition as it
does in the existing.

B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 1: Content Notes
In the locations where soil is excavated or removed is referred to as the “cut”. The location where soil is
moved to or placed is referred to as “fill”.

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A site design that provides for an equal volume of cut and fill is referred to as “balanced”. It is beneficial
to balance the site if possible as there are costs to having to bring soil onto the site or to have to take soil
away from the site. Bringing soil to the site is referred to as importing soil. When excess soil needs to be
removed / taken away from a site, this is is referred to as exported soil.

Traditional Method (Averaging the differences of the nodes)

Below we have a topographical map with proposed earthwork for 2 areas/quadrants, blue and red.
Calculate the required earthwork for the land development.

First define the existing and proposed elevations of each node C3, C4, D3, D4, D5, E4, and E5.

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Next determine the differences of the elevations and determine the average net change per 20m X 20m
quadrant. Using a table, calculate the differences.

Quadrant C3/D4 (BLUE)

Node Existing Elev Proposed Elev Elevation Difference (meters)
C3 289 270 -19
C4 273 270 -3
D4 264 270 6
D3 268 270 2
Total -14
Average -3.5

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Quadrant D4/E5 (RED)
Node Existing Elev Proposed Elev Elevation Difference (meters)
D4 264 260 -4
D5 254 260 6
E5 248 260 12
E4 255 260 5
Total 19
Average 4.75

Next calculate the net cut and fill associated with each quadrant, then calculate the net cut and fill for the
total analysis.

BLUE -3.5 x 20 x 20 = -1,400 cu.m. FILL

RED 4.75 x 20 x 20 = 1,900 cu.m. CUT

Net Total 500 cu.m. FILL

Therefore the 500 cubic meter of filling materials is required for the earthwork land development.

Activity 2: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem
With the Topo Map from before, calculate the cut and fill if we have a 50m x 50m quadrant.

Activity 3: Check for Understanding

Question: Can we save cost if we have a more balanced earthwork?

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Activity 4: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

FAQs:

1. Balance earthwork cut (excavation) and fill (embankment) volumes such that the percent difference
between cut and fill is less than or equal to 10 percent of the average total volume of material moved.

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Section: Schedule: Date:

Lesson title: Unit Cost Derivation: Labor Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Pen and calculator
At the conclusion of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Know what and how much time is needed to complete a 1. Simplified Construction Estimate,
certain construction work. third edition, Fajardo,JR., Max
2. Learn how to calculate unit costs for labor in construction 2. Estimating Bill of Materials,
works. Tagayun, Vicente

Productivity Tip: The key is to set yourself some realistic and achievable goals. Set too many targets that are
overly ambitious, and you'll just get used to the idea that you won't reach them and gradually stop trying to,
which is totally unproductive.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction:
Productivity in construction is often broadly defined as output per labor hour. Since labor
constitutes a large part of the construction cost and the quantity of labor hours in performing a
task in construction is more susceptible to the influence of management than are materials or
capital, this productivity measure is often referred to as labor productivity.

Construction output may be expressed in terms of functional units. Labor productivity is associated
with units of product per labor hour, such as cubic meter of concrete placed per hour or square
meter of highway paved per hour.

B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 1: Content Notes

These are average productivity ratios of an average construction worker. Productivity ratios of
manpower and equipment are used in the construction industry to estimate how much time is
needed to complete a certain work.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #10

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
DESCRIPTION Output UNIT

STRUCTURAL EXCAVATION
Common excavation
Hand 6 man hour / cubic meter
Machine 0.5 man hour / cubic meter
Rock excavation 8 man hour / cubic meter
Hauling of spoils 1 man hour / cubic meter

STRUCTURAL BACKFILL
By hand 5 man hour / cubic meter
By machine 2 man hour / cubic meter
TRENCHING
By hand 6 man hour / cubic meter
By machine 0.5 man hour / cubic meter
EXCAVATION- MANUAL
Common earth 8 man hour / cubic meter
Loam of sand 1.31 man hour / cubic meter
Clay or heavy soil 1.64 man hour / cubic meter
Rock 2.63 man hour / cubic meter

EXCAVATION- MECHANICAL
Common earth 6.67 man hour / cubic meter
Rock with jack hammer 16.67 man hour / cubic meter
BACKFILLING
Common manual 0.82 man hour / cubic meter
Gravel fill manual 5 man hour / cubic meter
CONCRETE WORKS
Grade members
Formworks 2.54 man hour / square meter
Concreting 8.54 man hour / cubic meter
Rebar 0.07 man hour / kilogram
Finishing 0.4 man hour / square meter

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #10

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Suspended members
Formworks 3.28 man hour / square meter
Concreting 16.7 man hour / cubic meter
Rebar 0.08 man hour / kilogram
Finishing 0.8 man hour / square meter
Embeded metal 0.27 man hour / kilogram
Water proofing 1.82 man hour / square meter
Joint filler 0.3 MH/lLm
PLACING CONCRETE
Slab on Fill 5 man hour / cubic meter
Slip Form 25 man hour / cubic meter
Floor Finish Unhardened 1 man hour / cubic meter
Concrete finished hardened 1.43 man hour / cubic meter
REBAR WORKS
Ground floor installation 0.07 man hour / cubic meter
Upper floor installation 0.08 man hour / cubic meter
Fabrication 0.1 man hour / cubic meter
Mixing manual 16 man hour / cubic meter
Mixing machine 1.8 man hour / cubic meter

FORM WORKS INSTALLATION

Wall on ground 2 man hour / square meter
Wall above ground 2.35 man hour / square meter
Beams 3.08 man hour / square meter
Columns 2.35 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab
Suspended slab 0 – 18″ 1.67 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab 10 – 36″ up 3.33 man hour / square meter

Elevated & shored slab forming

Forming only 8.6 man hour / square meter
Forming & Shoring 11 man hour / square meter
Wood wall & Partition 0.5 man hour / square meter

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #10

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

FORM WORKS FABRICATION

Form works fabrication 1 man hour / square meter
STRIPPING OF FORMS
Wall on ground 0.25 man hour / square meter
Wall above 10″ 1.29 man hour / square meter
Beams 1.03 man hour / square meter
Columns 0.85 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab

Suspended slab 0 – 18″ 0.83 man hour / square meter

Suspended slab 10 – 36″ up 1.08 man hour / square meter
Elevated & shored slab forming –
strip of forms 3.5 man hour / square meter

Floor slab at grade – strip of forms 2.8 man hour / square meter

FINISHING AND MASONRY WORKS

4” CHB
Laying 8.0 – 10 square meter / day
Tooling 11 – 14 square meter / day
Plastering 8.0 – 10 square meter / day
6” CHB
Laying 7.0 – 9.0 square meter / day
Tooling 11 – 14 square meter / day
Plastering 8.0 – 10 square meter / day
8” CHB
Laying 6.0 – 8.0 square meter / day
Tooling 11 – 14 square meter / day
Plastering 8.0 – 10 square meter / day

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #10

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
STRUCTURAL STEEL
Fabrication
Light 110-130 man hour / metric ton
Heavy 60-90 man hour / metric ton
Erection
Light 70-100 man hour / metric ton
Heavy 40-60 man hour / metric ton

Sample Problem 1

How long will it take a skilled worker to finish a 4” CHB wall with dimensions 20 meters long and 2
meters high? Inside and outside face are to be plastered.
How much is the labor cost of the whole project if skilled is paid Php700/8hrs.
What is the unit Labor Cost of the work?

1. CHB Laying: Area = 20 x 2 = 40 sq m

Days = 40 / 8 = 5 days
2. Tooling: Area = 40 x 2 = 80 sq m
Days = 80 / 14 = 5.7 days
3. Plastering Area = 40 x 2 = 80 sq m
Days = 80 / 8 = 10 days

4. Total Days 5 + 5.7 + 10 = 20.7 days, say 21

5. Labour Cost 21 x 700 = 14,700 Php
6. Labor Unit Cost 14,700 / 40 = 367.50 Php / sq m

Sample Problem 2

From the provided rebar cutting schedule below, determine the following
a. Duration of the fabrication stage with 6 skilled workers.
b. Labour cost of the rebar fabrication.
c. What is the unit labor cost?

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #10

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Steel Wt. = 865 kg

Duration = [ 865 kg x (0.07 hr / kg)] / 6
= 10.09 hours say 10 hours

Labour Cost = 700 x 6 x (10 / 8)

= 5,250 Php

Labor Unit Cost = 5,250 Php / 865 kg

= 6.07 Php / kg

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #10

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Activity 2: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem
A 4” CHB wall with dimensions 50 meters long and 2 meters high is to be constructed. Calculate
the Labor Cost for masonry and steel reinforcement work.

Activity 3: Check for Understanding

Question: Do labor cost go up when more materials are to be worked on? How?

Activity 4: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

FAQs:

1. Poor weather conditions could have a detrimental impact on construction labor productivity.
2. Moral and attitude of your workers can seriously dent your project productivity, and can result in a
number of serious other issues if not handled correctly.
3. Construction productivity can also be significantly impacted if the workers are feeling fatigue, generally
caused by extended periods of “physical exertion”.

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #11

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Lesson title: Unit Cost Derivation: Materials Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Pen and calculator
At the conclusion of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Learn how to calculate unit costs of materials. 1. Simplified Construction Estimate,
2. Know the importance of knowing the unit costs of different third edition, Fajardo,JR., Max
construction works. 2. Estimating Bill of Materials,
Tagayun, Vicente

Productivity Tip: Breaking down bigger tasks into bite-sized efforts and listing them in your diary each day will
help you prioritise and avoid procrastination.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction:
Same with labor cost, materials are also converted to unit cost. This can be in terms of Peso per
cubic meter, peso per square meter, etc.

B. MAIN LESSON
Activity1: Content Notes
Let’s take the sample problem from before, so we have a 4” CHB wall with dimensions 20 meters
long and 2 meters high, plastered at both sides.
Therefore, we have quantities as follows:

Wall Area 40 sq m
Description factor Quantity Unit Cost Cost

CHB 12.5 500 pcs 12 Php/pc 6,000.00 Php

Cement
Mortar 0.522 20.88 bags 215 Php/bag 4,489.20 Php
Cement
Plaster 0.144 5.76 bags 215 Php/bag 1,238.40 Php

Sand Mortar 0.044 1.76 cu m 350 Php/cu m 616.00 Php

Sand Plaster 0.012 0.48 cu m 350 Php/cu m 168.00 Php

Total Cost 12,511.60 Php

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 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #11

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
The unit cost material of the said wall will be the total material cost divided by the total wall area

Material Unit Cost = 12,511.60 / 40

Material Unit Cost = 312.79 Php / sq meter

Let’s take another example from the Isolated Footing requiring 288 pcs – 20mm x 6m.

Diameter,
Description Quantity Length, m Cost
mm

FT 1 288 20 6 276,981.12

unit weight 2.47 kg/m

total weight 4261.25 kg

Unit Cost 65.00 Php/kg

Activity 2: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem
What is the unit cost Php/sq meter of a 50m by 2m 4” CHB wall if you are to include the cost of
rebars with vertical spacing 60cm every 2 layers?

Activity 3: Check for Understanding

Question: Can you make a list of material unit costing for different works? Will it aid you to make
quotations more quickly rather than computing from scratch?

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #11

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Activity 4: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

FAQs:

1. Other than the direct cost of materials, you should add variable costs to the total cost, like delivery fee,
other taxes, etc.
2. Prices of construction materials always change, some even on a daily basis like steel reinforcements. One
must always be updated for your quotations to be competitive.

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