INTRODUCTION TO MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY

MICROBIAL WORLD
 Generally, microbiology is a branch of biology that deals with
the study of microscopic organisms. Focus point:
 Parasitology as defense-mechanism of the one’s body  Name the domains of microorganisms
 Boost immune system and the characteristics that distinguish
 Detoxify body them from one another.
 Keep a baby healthy  Compare and contrast the members of
 Removes pollutants the microbial world
 Remove pathogens
 Recovery of the nutrients Scope of Microbiology
 It can regain the cleanliness of the water  Microbiology: the study of living things too
 Microbes acts as bio-control agents, they can compete with small to be seen without magnification.
them, they can cause disease for the pest, or kill the pest  Microorganisms or microbes commonly called
 Production of milk and dairies “germs” or “viruses” …
 Antibiotic  But not all of them can cause disease
 Restriction enzymes
 Protein productions
 Microbial biomass that derived from bacteria, yeasts How microbes being classified
filamentous fungi can be an alternative to conventional sources
of food CAROLUS LINNAEUS
 Photosynthetic microorganisms (cyanobacteria/microalgae)  Develop taxonomic system for naming plants and
 Microbes used in fermentation are edible microorganisms animals by grouping similar organisms together
 Samples are lactobacillus streptococcus LEEUWENHOEK
 Bacterial growth due change of temperature, chemical odors,  Group microbes into 6 categories:
pH salt concentration Fungi
 It can cause the food deteriorate, develop unpleasant odors, Protozoa
changes texture and taste Algae
 Virulence factors Bacteria
 Microbial adherence Archae
 Antimicrobial resistance Small animals
 Defects the host defense mechanisms FUNGI
 Eukaryotic ➢ Flagella – extensions of a
 Obtain food from other organisms cell that are fewer, longer,
 Possess cell walls and more whiplike than cell
 Composed of:
▪ Molds – multicellular, ALGAE
reproduce sexual and asexual  Unicellular and multicellular
spores  Contains chloroplast
▪ Mushrooms – multicellular,  Photosynthetic
reproduce by sexual and  Usually found near surfaces of
asexual spores salt and freshwater
▪ Yeasts – unicellular, reproduce  Both sexual and asexual
asexually by budding
ALGAE
PROTOZOA
 Single-celled eukaryotes
 Lives both in aquatic and
terrestrial environment
 Do not have a rigid cell wall
 Requires organic compounds as
source of energy
 Asexual and sexual
reproduction
 Capable of locomotion

 Structure for locomotion

includes:
BACTERIA
➢ Pseudopodia – cell  Prokaryotes
extensions that flow in  Unicellular
direction of travel  Have a rigid cell wall
➢ Cilia – numerous, short,  Cell wall contain unusual
hairlike protrusions that chemical compound called
propel organisms through peptidoglycan
environment  Reproduction is by binary
fission  Methanogens – produces
 Can move using appendages methane as result of
known as flagella respiration
 Halophiles – extreme salinity
BACTERIA  Thermophiles – extreme
Temperature

VIRUSES
 Members of microbial world
that are not composed of cells
 Dependent to host
 Classified :
➢ Viruses
➢ Viroids
➢ prions

ARCHAE
 Prokaryotes
 Unicellular
 Have a rigid cell wall
 Reproduction is by binary
fission
 Can move using appendages
known as flagella
 Can survive in extreme
environment

ARCHAE
 CELL STRUCTURE
Focus point:
 Properties of cell
 The different structures of different types of
cell
 The function of each structure

Properties of Cell

 Highly complex and organized

 Composed of membrane bound structures
called organelles
 Can acquire and utilize energy
 Can respond to certain stimuli
 Storage of hereditary information
 Mechanical activities
 Capable of reproducing itself