MANAGEMENT

Equivalent Exercises
1. Forehead touch Care of Patients with
2. Rope turning
Medical
Mastectomy
3. Oulley motion or rope sliding
4. Toweling
5. Elbow pull-in
1. Radiation Therapy 6. Arm bending
2. Chemotherapy 7. Back scratcher
3. Hormonal Therapy
4. Targeted Therapy
5. Drug Therapy Recent Advancements
Nursing Murotal Therapy for Postoperative Pain
Setiawan and colleagues (2021) said that
murotal therapy, which involves
Care of Draining Tubes listening to the Quran being recited
1. Follow manufacturers instruction depending on slowly, had a significant impact on pain
the drainage or evacuator device used such as levels following mastectomy surgery.
Hemovac or Jackson-Pratt Murotal intervention for 6 days showed
2. Measure the amount and color of the drainage a reduction in the patient's pain scale
in using the calibration found at the from 4 to 1.
drainage/evacuator device.
3. Clamp drainage tubing if needed then empty the
Multi-supportive Nursing on the
drainage.
Postoperative Rehabilitation of Breast
4. Press drainage or evacuator device while
draining fluid. Cancer Patients
5. Continuously press the drainage/evacuator Tang (2021) found that multi-supportive
device before closing the port. nursing plays a positive role in
6. Add drainage to the intake and output record. promoting the postoperative
rehabilitation of breast cancer (BC)
Post-op Mastectomy Exercises patients who underwent radical
1. Early Post-op Exercises (24-36 hours) mastectomies.
Coughing and deep breathing exercises
Flex legs every 2 hours
Turn to sides every 2 hours
REFERENCES
Hinkle, J. L., & Cheever, K. H. (2018). Brunner and Suddarth’s textbook of
Assist to ambulate medical-surgical nursing. Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd.
LeMone, P., Burke, K., & Bauldoff, G. (2011). Medical-Surgical Nursing: Critical
thinking in patient care (5th ed.). Pearson Education Limited..
1. 3rd to 6th Post-op Day Lewis, S. L., Bucher, L., Heitkemper, M. M., Harding, M. M., Kwong, J., & Roberts,
D. (2016). Medical-Surgical Nursing-E-Book: Assessment and Management of
Hand squeezing Clinical Problems (9th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. Submitted by:
Hair brushing Newton, E., & Grethlein, S. (2018). Breast examination. Retrieved on October 29,
2022 from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1909276-overview. Bugas, Rigel Mae
Setiawan, H., Ariyanto, H., & Oktavia, W. (2021). A case study: Murotal Tacastacas, Hannah Dianella
3. 7th Post-op Day distraction to reduce pain level among post-mastectomy patients.
International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 4(3), 325-331.

Arm Swings Stanford Medicine 25. (2020). Breast exam. Retrieved on October 29, 2022 from
www.stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu/the25/BreastExam.html
Arm Circling Tang, X. (2021). The effect of multi-supportive nursing on the postoperative Submitted to:
Pendulum Swing rehabilitation of breast cancer patients. American Journal of Translational
Asst. Prof. Zorinna M. Luague, RN, MN
Research, 13(6), 7327.


Mastectomy
- nipple-areola complex and breast tissue
removal
Indications
1. Malignant condition of the breast/s
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
Invasive Cancer
2. Benign condition of the breast/s
Cysts
Fibroadenomas
Benign Profilerative Breast Disease
Types of
Mastectomy
1. Total Mastectomy - removes the
breast and nipple-areola complex
but omits axillary lymph node
dissection (ALND).
2. Modified Radical Mastectomy -
removes breast tissue, nipple-areola
complex, and a portion of the axillary
lymph nodes.
3. Radical Mastectomy - removes
entire breast, axillary lymph nodes,
and pectoral muscles.
4. Partial mastectomy - removes the
entire tumor along with a margin of
healthy surrounding tissue.
Assessment and Diagnostic
Findings
1. Abnormal Assessment Findings during
Inspection of the Breasts
Retraction Signs
3. Contrast Mammography
4. Ultrasonography
Increased Venous Prominence
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Peau d’Orange (Edema)
Nipple Inversion
Acute Mastitis (Inflammation of the Breasts)
Paget Disease (Malignancy of Mammary Ducts)
2. Mammography
Using low-dose x-ray equipment to view the anatomy
of the breasts, mammography is a breast imaging
procedure that helps in the early detection and
diagnosis of malignant or benign disease.
When a patient expresses bloody nipple discharge,
experiences spontaneous nipple discharge, or has a
single dilated duct shown on mammography, it is
done to assess any abnormality inside the duct.
To help identify fluid-filled cysts from other lesions,
ultrasonography (ultrasound) is utilized as a
diagnostic auxiliary to mammography. The region to
be photographed is covered with a thin layer of
lubricating jelly.
Mammography has been usefully supplemented by
the highly sensitive diagnostic technique known as
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast.
COMPLICATIONS
1. Lymphedema
It is an issue characterized by a persistent
enlargement of an extremity as a result of
impaired lymphatic drainage.
2. Hematoma or Seroma Formation
May develop within the first 12 hours of
surgery, whether it is a mastectomy or breast
conservation.
3. Infection
This threat may be increased among patients
with diseases including diabetes,
immunological problems, senior age, and
people who practice poor personal hygiene.
4. Postmastectomy Pain Syndrome
Symptoms include pain in the chest and upper
arms, tingling down the arm, numbness,
shooting or pricking pain, and excruciating
itching.