疏水氨基酸与亲水氨基酸

（Hydrophobic & Hydrophilic AAs）

1. 疏水氨基酸（侧链为非极性，不喜欢水）（Hydrophobic
AA， with water-fearing and non-polar side chains): Gly, Ala,
Val, Leu, Ile, Pro, Met, Phe, Trp
2. 亲水氨基酸（侧链为极性，喜欢水）（Hydrophilic AA，
with water-loving and polar side chains): Ser, Thr, Tyr, Cys,
Sec, Asn, Gln, Asp, Glu, Pyl, Arg, Lys, His
 为什么我们必须记住一种氨基酸是疏水的还是亲水
的（Why do we have to memorize one amino acid is
hydrophobic or hydrophilic?）
1. 有助于理解蛋白质是如何折叠的以及蛋白质的三维结构是
如何稳定的（Help to understand how proteins are folded and
their 3D structure can be stabilized)
2. 有助于判断哪些氨基酸可以利用它们的侧链参与酶的催化
（Help to judge which amino acids can catalyze a reaction by
their side chains）
3. 有助于判断哪些氨基酸的侧链可以被化学修饰以调节酶活
性（Help to judge which amino acids can be chemically
modified during regulating enzymatic activities）
4. 有助于判断哪些氨基酸参与DNA和蛋白质之间的序列特异
性相互作用（Help to judge which amino acids are involved
the base-sequence specific interaction between proteins and
DNA）
 Memorize the names of hydrophobic
or hydrophilic AAs by Chinese poetry
(词记亲水氨基酸与疏水氨基酸)
J 西湖景，紫竹为骨水潺潺
横笛相伴，闲听天籁静思禅
流苏落，心比双丝郁中缠
亲水氨基酸：西-硒代半胱氨酸；景-精氨酸；竹-组氨酸；
骨-谷氨酸 谷氨酰胺；伴-半胱氨酸；天-天冬氨酸
天冬酰胺；籁-赖氨酸；苏-苏氨酸；落-酪氨酸；比-吡咯
赖氨酸；丝-丝氨酸

J 孤雁本色，一行斜去浮生转
两鬓白，异家龙井难为甘
疏水氨基酸：本-苯丙氨酸；色-色氨酸；斜-缬氨酸；浮-
脯氨酸；两-亮氨酸；鬓-丙氨酸；异-异亮氨酸；家-甲硫
氨酸；甘-甘氨酸