BUS105: Statistics

Seminar 1 - Unit 1
- Descriptive Statistics
- Discrete Probability
Distributions

Topics

Unit 1
• 1.1 Describing Data: Graphic Presentation
• 1.2 Describing Data: Numerical Measures
• 2.1 Basic Probability Concepts
• 2.2 Discrete Probability Distributions
• 2.3 Continuous Probability Distributions
• 3.1 Sampling Methods
• 3.2 Central Limit Theorem

1
 Review: Describing Data
• Statistics
– Descriptive statistics
– Inferential statistics
• Variables
– Qualitative variable
– Quantitative variable
• Discrete
• Continuous
• Describing data
– Graphic presentation: bar chart, pie chart, histogram (frequency distribution), scatter
plots (relationship between two variables)
– Numerical measures
• Location: mean, mode, median, skewness
• Dispersion: range, variance, standard deviation

Activity 1.1 - Basic Concepts

1. A population is a collection of all individuals, objects, or measurements of interest.

True False

2. A sample is a portion or part of the population of interest.

True False

3. The words descriptive statistics and inferential statistics can be used

interchangeably.
True False
4. Kaka Ltd has 9,000 workers. 360 staff members were polled regarding a new wage
package to be submitted to management. The population is the 360 members.
True False

2
Activity 1.2 - Basic Symbols

Identify what does each of the following symbols

represents:
 X

2 S2
 S
N n

Activity 1.3 – Descriptive Statistics

The prices of the 80 vehicles sold last month at Whitner Autoplex in

Raytown, Missouri is found in Seminar1_Activity1.3_VehPrices.xls.

Form into group of 4 persons and

1.Use Excel to present a statistical report as shown in the next slide.
2.Provide a comment based on the output (50-100 words).

You may refer to “Excel Self Practice Prior Seminar 1” Practices 1.4 & 1.5.

3
 Prices of Vehicles
40
No. of Vehicles

30
20
10
0
15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 More
Prices

Prices

Mean 23218.16
Median 22831
Standard Deviation 4354.438
Count 80

Break

Take this opportunity to network and form into groups

of 4 persons for GBA

4
Review: Probability and Probability Distributions

• Concepts:
– Probability, joint probability, conditional probability
– Experiment, outcome, random variable, probability distribution
• Discrete probability distributions
– Uniform
– Binominal
– Poisson
• Recall the formulas to calculate the probability, mean, variance and
standard deviation given a discrete probability distribution

Activity 1.4 – Conditional Probability

Mr. Tan and Ms. Tan work together and have a choice of three restaurants for
their daily lunch: a steak house, an Italian and a Chinese. On any day, Ms Tan
will go to the Chinese restaurant with probability 0.4, the Italian with
probability 0.5 and the steak house with probability 0.1. If she goes to the
Chinese restaurant, Mr. Tan will follow her with probability 0.6. If she goes to
the Italian, he will follow with probability 0.8 and if she goes to the steak
house, he will follow with probability 0.9.

a) What is the probability that they have lunch together today?

b) If they had lunch together today, what is the probability that they had lunch
in the Chinese restaurant?

5
Activity 1.5 – Discrete Probability Distribution

For the following discrete probability distribution, find the mean (expected
value), variance and standard deviation:

x P(x)
0 0.2
1 0.35
2 0.45

You may refer to the Formula Sheet (Equations [1-3], [1-9] & [1-10]).

Thank You