factors affecting aging process
breastfeeding
nutrition for pediatric population (nasa lec narin),
schoolage children
growth and development
Specific and hospital diet
NUTRITION THERAPY
● includes dietary modifications and counseling to
treat an illness or injury, alleviate signs and
symptoms of specific conditions
● refers to interventions used in the treatment of a
disorder or illness
● use of specialized nutrition therapies such as
modifications of routine diets, supplementation
with nutritional foods, and enteral or parenteral
feeding
● the focus of attention in nutrition therapy is
individuals under stress factors brought about by
a specific medical condition
Role of the Nurse in Nutrition Therapy
● coordinate the orders of physician and other
clinicians to the dietician. to provide health
teachings regarding the specific food intake and
restrictions
● the nurse observes the patient’s food intake, and
response to feeding methods like complaints
about the food. proper documentation should be
observed
● orders for lab tests are also facilitated by the
nurse
THE GOALS OF NUTRITION THERAPY
ARE:
● maintain good nutrition or correct any deficiency
● provide rest to the bodily system affected by the
illness
● adjust the amount of food intake
● bring about a change in body weight
● provide less or more of specific nutrients as part
of diet therapy
● hydrate and maintain electrolyte balance
COMMON HOSPITAL DIETS
REGULAR/GENERAL DIET
● allows unrestricted food selections
LIGHT DIET
● differs from regular diet in preparation. omits
fried, fatty, gas-forming, raw foods and rich
pastries
SOFT DIET
● contains food soft in texture, usually low in
residue and readily digestible, few or no spices
MECHANICAL SOFT DIET
● used for clients with chewing difficulties
FULL LIQUID DIET
● contains fruit and vegetable juices, soups that
are blended, milk, gelatin, ice cream
CLEAR LIQUID DIET
● consists of water, clear broth, clear fruit juices,
plain gelatin, tea, coffee
SPECIFIC DIETS
DM/DIABETIC DIET
● limiting foods that are high in sugar, low in fats
and calories. whole grains, fruits and veggies
are recommended
HYPERTENSIVE DIET/ LOW SALT, LOW FAT
DIET
● foods rich in whole grains,fruits, veggies. low in
cholesterol, low in sodium
LOW PURINE DIET
● an eating plan that limits food with high purine
like alcoholic beverages, shellfish, organ meats
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
● GROWTH refers to the increase in size and
number of body cells
● DEVELOPMENT is the maturation of cells to
perform activities for a living organism
● Once the body reaches adulthood, the rate of
breaking down processes is greater than the
building up
FACTORS AFFECTING THE AGING PROCESS
BREASTFEEDING
● Aging is a continuous process from conception
until death of a person
● It proceeds slowly but can proceed faster by
one’s lifestyle like:
○ Poor nourishment
○ Illnesses
○ Stress factors
○ Adverse environmental conditions
 ● The aging process is not a matter of aiming for a
longer life span, but the quality of life is the
ultimate goal of living

BREASTFEEDING

BENEFITS OF BREASTFEEDING
● readily available with no expense and hassle of
formula preparation
● It contains complete nutrition (fat, carbs, and
protein)
● enhances the maturity of the digestive tract
● proven to reduce infection and overfeeding
● has shown to improve cognitive and motor skill
development
● Calcium and phosphorus are more
bioavailable than those in formulas
● Mother-infant bonding is increased
● Incidence of food allergies and DM Type 2 and
some forms of cancer are reduced
● Breastfed infants often are more secure

NUTRITION FOR SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN (7-12yo)

NUTRITIONAL NEEDS
● Children need more nutrition in proportion to
their weight than adults do because they are
growing and developing bones, teeth, muscles
and blood
● They can be at risk of malnutrition when they
have poor appetite of long duration
●
● Accept a limited number of foods as long as it is
guided by the food pyramid

Signs of Good Nutrition

● Normal weight for height
● Firm and well-developed muscles
● Good posture
● Healthy skin, no lesions, and dyspigmentation
● Smooth and glossy hair
● Clear eyes
● Alert facial expression and good disposition
● Sound sleep
● Good digestion and elimination
● Good appetite

COMMON NUTRITIONAL PROBLEMS AMONG

SCHOOLCHILDREN
● Skipping breakfast
● Micronutrient malnutrition
● Parasitism
● Dental caries
● Obesity