Personal Development

Mental Health and Well-

being in Middle and Late
Adolescence

Alex Grieg Pagayatan

Jhon Ravee Nicolas
Jesse Anne Bayot
Glycel Rheignn Torres
 What is
Psychological
Well-being?
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING

Refers to an individual's state or condition that is free from mental or emotional

disorders. Teenagers who manifest this conditions are not free from distressing
thoughts and emotions but can flexibly adapt to changing situations. Although stress
is inevitable, adolescents who are psychologically well can find ways to solve their
problems in a more realistic manner, can make better choises in life, and demonstrate
resilence.
 Mental Disorders Commonly
Observed Among Teenagers
1 EATING DISORDERS

2 DEPRESSION
3 ANTI SOCIAL BEHAVIORS
4 ANXIETY DISORDERS
5 PERSONALITY DISORDERS
6 DRUG DEPENDENCY
7 MOOD DISORDERS
8 SCHIZOPHERENIA AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS
 MENTAL DISORDERS

1.Eating Disorders
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical of
Mental Disorders 5 (2013), eating disorders are
characterized by persistent disturbance of eating
that in altered consumption or absorption of food
and significantly impair physical health and
psychosocial functioning. Eating disorders may
include:
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Binge-eating
Anorexia Nervosa

an intense fear of gaining

weight, disturbed body image,
refusal to maintain normal body
weight, and dangerous
measures to lose weight
Bulimia Nervosa

It involves overeating, and it is

followed by efforts to induce
vomiting, fasting, and excessive
exercise.
BINGE- EATING

Involves an overindulgence of food,

but it is not followed by efforts to
induce vomiting, fasting, and
excessive exercise
2.Anxiety
Disorders
Anxiety disorders include:
phobic disorders
panic disorder &
obsessive-compulsive disorder

which are all characterized by

excessive fear, anxiety and related
behavioral disturbance
 Phobic Disorders
accompanied by physical symptoms such as
trembling and palpitations

Panic Disorders
Characterized by an abrupt surge of intense
fear or discomfort. Physical symptoms such
as fainting, sweating, palpitations, chest
pain, and dizziness are manifestations of
anxiety disorders

Obsessive Disorders
persistent, uncontrollable intrusions of
unwanted thoughts (obsession) and urges
to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions)
 3.Major Depressive Disorders
Characterized by hopelessness, lack of energy in their usual activities, crying for
unexplained reasons, and low self esteem. More so, they experience loss of
interest in their activities, cannot make decisions, and tend to blame and hurt
themselves.

1.Depressed mood most
of the day
2.Diminished interest in
all or almost all of the
activities all day
3.Significant weight loss
or gain
7. Feelings of
worthlessness or
4. Insomia or hypersomia excessive and
5. psychomotor agitation inappropriate guilt
or retardation 8. Diminished ability to
6.Fatigue or loss energy think or concentrate
nearly everyday 9.Recurrent thoughts of
death, suicide ideation,
or suicide attempt

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
 4.Bipolar Disorder
Formerly called manic-depressive disorder.
Individuals who suffer from this disorder may
experience both depression and manic periods.
Individuals with Bipolar Disorder are observed
with high level of energy, exaggerated plans,
and very optimistic views. They are said to be
hyperactive and even work without sleeping for
days. More so they tend to talk very fast and
have overflowing ideas in their minds
5.Conduct Disorders
Characterized by repeated
pattern of behaviors in which
the basic rights of the others
are violated. Teenagers who
have this disorder are
commonly labeled as
delinquents.
6.PERSONALITY PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER

DISORDERS ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER

An enduring pattern of inner HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER

experience and behavior that
deviates markedly from the
NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
expectations of the individual's
culture, is pervasive and
inflexible AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER

Has an onset in adolescence,

DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER
is stable overtime and leads to
distress or impairment OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY
DISORDER
 Paranoid Personality Disorder
THIS DISORDER USUALLY DEMONSTRATE A PATTERN OF DISTRUST AND
SUSPICIOUSNESS ON THE MOTIVES ON THE PEOPLE AROUND THEM. THEY
USUALLY THINK THAT OTHERS ARE THINKING OF HURTING THEM AND THESE
THOUGHTS CAUSE FEAR.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

THIS IS MANIFESTED BY INDIVIDUAL'S
DISREGARD OR VIOLATION OF RIGHTS OF
OTHERS. THEY DO NOT CARE IF THEIR
BEHAVIORS MAY HARM OTHERS, BUT THEY
WILL DO AND GET WHATEVER THEY WANT AT
THE EXPENSE OF OTHER'S.

Histrionic Personality Disorder

SHOWS EXCESIVE EMOTIONALITY AND ATTENTION-
SEEKING BEHAVIORS.AT TIME, THEY WILL CRY FOR NO
APPARENT REASON JUST TO EXPRESS THEIR
FEELINGS. ALSO THEY WILL TALK OR ACT LIKE A BABY
JUST TO BE ABLE TO GET ATTENTION FROM OTHER'S
 Narcissistic Personality Disorder
EXHIBIT A PATTERN OF GRANDIOSITY. THEY ARE SELFS-CENTERED OR THINK
OF THEMSELVES ONLY, AND THEIR NEED OF ADMIRATION IS VERY STRONG

Avoidant Personality Disorder

SHOWS A PATTERN OF SOCIAL INHIBITION, FEELINGS OF INADEQUACY,
AND HYPERSENSITIVITY TO NEGATIVE EVALUATION. THUS, THEY PREFER
TO BE ALONE AND TRY TO AVOID SOCIAL ACTIVITIES BECAUSE OF THEIR
FEAR OF BEING JUDGED OR NEGATIVELY EVALUATED BY OTHERS.

Dependent Personality Disorder

ADOLESCENTS WHO SUFFER FROM THIS PERSONALITY DISORDER USUALLY
CANNOT WORK ALONE, FEEL HELPLESS WHEN UNATTENDED BY SOMEONE, AND
MAY DEMAND SOMEONE TO BE ALWAYS AT THEIR SIDE

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

PATTERN OF PREOCCUPATION WITH ORDERLINESS, PERFECTIONISM
AND CONTROL
 schizophrenia means "split mind". It
is psychotic disorder usually
7.SCHIZOPHRENIA characterized by the deterioration in
AND personal, social and occupational
functioning due to bizarre emotions
OTHER and abnormal perceptions.
PSYCHOTIC Characterized by delusions,
DISORDERS hallucinations, disorganized thinking
(speech) and abnormal motor behavior.
 8.Substance-Related disorders
Drug is a substance whose chemical action alters the biological and psychological
functioning of a person. Changes in ones cognition, emotions, and behavior may result if
there is an excessive use of substances; abnormal functioning such as intoxication or
poisoning, mood changes, poor judgement and hallucinations are commonly observed
among drug dependents.

9.Computer Addiction
excessive use of the computer or the internet. Computer addicts are preoccupied
with online activities and may demonstrate compulsive behaviors in using
computer or the internet
Th r e a ts t o Ps y c ho l o g i c a l W e l l - b e i n g

to a n y d is o rd e rs p re v io u s ly
Adolescence may be prone
y o u a re n o t a w a re o f th e p o s s ib ly th re a ts
de s c ri b e d if
d e v e lo p m e n t s u c h d is o rd e rs
that may contribute to the

Family Situation School-related factors

Socioeconomic factors Peer Pressure

 Family Situations
Recent studies have shown that alcohol use is related to parenting styles.
Parents may adapt a parenting style according to the style they experienced
from their parents. As such, when adolescents talk about their wishes or desires
to attend to a party , the immediate response of the parents would be ''no''. Their
negative response is based on the fact that they were also not allowed by their
parents to go to parties when they were teenagers
 Socioeconomic factors
If you look closely at your surroundings, you may notice that aside from the
heavy traffic and pollution, there are a number of street children nowadays
begging for food or money. Some of them may even enter the jeepney that
you're riding in and clean your shoes, and then asking for money after.
Poverty is associated with mental health and psychological well-being.
You are very lucky if money is not a problem in your family.
 School-related factors
BULLYING
-Now a days bullying is a common concern among students .
-Republic act 10627 or the anti bully act of 2013 implies that in bullying,
several forms may be utilized to intentionally hurt others.
-Also, bullying has a psychological impact to the one being bullied.
-It can be physical and also through verbal and non verbal.
-Bullies usually target new students in the campus, those with few friends,
and unassertive students.
-Bullying may have psychological effect to both the victims and bullies.

 Peer Pressure
At some points of our life,
we all experience pressure
from our peers. But peer
pressure is very common
during our academic
years.
 Peer Pressure
At some points of our life,
we all experience pressure
Peer pressure can be
from our peers. But peer
something positive or
pressure is very common
negative
during our academic
years.
Prevention of Mental
Health Problems
Prevention of Mental
Health Problems
Stress in inevitable and may even cause mental health problems
Prevention of Mental
Health Problems
Stress in inevitable and may even cause mental health problems

ENHANCING SELF-ESTEEM
Prevention of Mental
Health Problems
Stress in inevitable and may even cause mental health problems

ENHANCING SELF-ESTEEM
Enhancing Resilence
Prevention of Mental
Health Problems
Stress in inevitable and may even cause mental health problems

ENHANCING SELF-ESTEEM
Enhancing Resilence
Developing self-regulation
Prevention of Mental
Health Problems
Stress in inevitable and may even cause mental health problems

ENHANCING SELF-ESTEEM
Enhancing Resilence
Developing self-regulation
Enhancing social-skill
E nh a nc i ng s e l f - e s t e e m

Self-esteem means self worth.

Your assessment to your importance as
a person refers to self-esteem .
Adolescence with high self esteem are
confident, optimistic, feel goo about
themselves, and finds ways to
continuously improve themselves.
E nh an c in g R e s i l e n c e

It is your capacity to recover from

unpleasant experience.
E nh an c in g R e s i l e n c e

It is your capacity to recover from

unpleasant experience.

Here are some techniques on how to

enhance resilence:
E nh an c in g R e s i l e n c e

It is your capacity to recover from

unpleasant experience.

Here are some techniques on how to

enhance resilence:
1.Establish connections
E nh an c in g R e s i l e n c e

It is your capacity to recover from

unpleasant experience.

Here are some techniques on how to

enhance resilence:
1.Establish connections
2.Accept the reality that nothing is permanent in
this world
E nh an c in g R e s i l e n c e

It is your capacity to recover from

unpleasant experience.

Here are some techniques on how to

enhance resilence:
1.Establish connections
2.Accept the reality that nothing is permanent in
this world
3.Love and take care of yourself
E nh an c in g R e s i l e n c e

It is your capacity to recover from

unpleasant experience.

Here are some techniques on how to

enhance resilence:
1.Establish connections
2.Accept the reality that nothing is permanent in
this world
3.Love and take care of yourself
4.Be more optimistic
E nh an c in g R e s i l e n c e

It is your capacity to recover from

unpleasant experience.

Here are some techniques on how to

enhance resilence:
1.Establish connections
2.Accept the reality that nothing is permanent in
this world
3.Love and take care of yourself
4.Be more optimistic
5. Strengthen you problem-solving abilities
 De v el o p S el f - r e g u l a t i o n
Self-regulation is your capacity to control
and monitor your own behavior. It involves
setting goals and standards and delaying
gratification of needs. Here are some
examples: you choose to let go of attending
parties to focus on your studies, you do not
use any social media during examination
week, and you do not play games on your
cellular phone to focus on deadlines at school
 En ha n ci n g S o c i a l S k i l l s

People are social beings. As such, we

need to enhance our social skills, or
our ability to relate more effectively
with others.
1. PROMOTE
GOOD FEELINGS
THROUGH
POSITIVE
RECIPROCITY
2.SHOW EMPATHY
 3.Clarify
boundaries and
set people
limitations
4.Learn to
Negotiate
5.Express Gratitude
6. Practice Forgiveness
7. Learn to Help Others
8. Accept
help from
others
 What is
Psychotherapies?
PSYCHOTHERAPHY
refers to the professional
relationship between the
counselor/ therapist and
counselee/client, which
aims to promote
psychological wellness
through various
interventions.
PSYCHOANALYSIS

This aims to help the client uncover

conflicts and repressed emotions that
prevent him or her to develop through
free association, dream analysis,
resistance, and transference.
 BEHAVIOR THERAPHY

This aims to help individuals change or

modify behavior by identifying maladaptive
responses to stressors. It may include thee
following:
SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION TECHNIQUE,
AVERSION THERAPHY,
OPERANT CONDITIONING THERAPHY, MODELLING, AND COGNITIVE
INFLUENCE
 CLIENT-CENTERED THERAPHY

This aims to promote psychological changes

through a supportive emotional environment.
It includes genuine concern with the client,
which means being honest and authentic to
what you say; unconditional positive regard,
which is a nonjudgmental acceptance of the
client; and empathy, which means that the
therapist can put herself in the situation of
the client.
Thank you for
listening!