Civil Engineering

Civil engineering is the oldest of the modern engineering disciplines, with historical roots dating back
to the 1700s(seventhhundreds). It is concerned with applying mathematics and scientific knowledge
(particularly in physics) and its real-life situations and problems that arise from the construction and
maintenance of structures, while taking environmental, financial, legal, and ethical considerations
into account.

*Different fields and Specialization

Structural Engineering
- Structural Engineering trained to design the bones and muscles that give man-made
structures.

Construction Engineering Management

-it is all about manpower, schedule and safety precautions

Geotechnical Engineering
- it is a foundation, and everything about soil and rocks

Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering

-its all about the design, new system, human water resources

Transportation Engineering Energy

-it is all about management of facilities for any made of transportation

Environmental Engineering
-is to develop ways to have source and sufficient resources to protect our mother earth

Disadvantages in Civil Engineering

● Extreme Pressure: With great responsibility comes great job pressure. As a civil engineer,
you may be in charge of buildings and projects with enormous scope and budget. Significant
failures can result in significant losses for your company or an increase in insurance
premiums.

● Work Environment and Hours: This will not be a tie-and-suit job in a well-appointed office.
Unless and until you are a designer, you will most likely be seen in the field wearing a
helmet. Furthermore, you will most likely spend a significant amount of time on the road or
in remote areas. You work in your office for part of the week. Other work hours are spent
on-site communicating with construction workers, supervising projects, and tracking
progress.

● Stressing: Because a large number of projects are government-funded or run by the

government, civil engineers must work under the scrutiny of reviewers and auditors who
oversee government spending. This type of review can increase job stress because an
engineer must explain his thinking and decision-making to a regulatory third party on a
regular basis.
  Civil engineers bear a great deal of responsibility. When working as a civil engineer, you
must be able to manage your time and prioritize your tasks. You're under time constraints to
meet contractual obligations and deadlines.

● Civil engineers have very little leeway. In this field, mistakes can be costly, so you must
maintain a keen eye for detail at all times.

● Civil engineers frequently work outside in adverse weather conditions. If nothing beats
curling up with a book in a warm room, this may not be the job for you.

Environmental Science

Environmental Science explains how science affects our environment. We are interested in the
interactions between the solid Earth, its water, air, and living organisms, as well as the dynamic,
interdependent relationships between these four components. It is an interdisciplinary academic
field that combines physical, biological, and information sciences to study the environment and solve
environmental problems.

Five Major Fields

1. Atmospheric Sciences

● Atmospheric sciences investigate the Earth's atmosphere and how it interacts with other
systems, particularly the environment.

2. Ecology

● It is defined as the study of how living organisms interact with one another on our planet.
This includes humans, animals, plants, and the environment in which they live.

 Ito naman ay isang sangay ng biology na tumatalakay sa ugnayan ng mga

organism sa isa't isa at sa kanilang pisikal na kapaligiran.

3. Environmental chemistry

● Environmental chemistry investigates chemical processes and the effects they have on the
environment. This field is primarily concerned with water pollution and soil contamination.

4. Geosciences

● It is also known as earth sciences, a field that deals with and connects all scientific disciplines
that directly investigate our planet.

5. Social Sciences

● It is an academic discipline that studies human behavior, specifically how people interact
with one another, behave, develop as a culture, and influence the world.