Activity: Grammar Prepared by: Ghali

Lesson: Past perfect: simple and continuous

Had+ past participle Had+ been+verb+ing

Examples: Examples:

Loubna had played the guitar. Loubna had been playing the guitar

Hajar had written an e-mail. Hajar had been writing an e-mail.

Mehdi hadn’t gone to the gym. Mehdi hadn’t been going to the gym.

A-The past perfect VS the past simple:

First action ‫الحدث األول‬

Second action
ast perfect ‫الحدث الثاني‬
VS past simple

Do my homework Go to bed
We use the past perfect with the first action. ‫ مع الحدث األول‬the past perfect ‫نستخدم‬

We use the past simple with the second action. ‫ مع الحدث األول‬the past simple ‫نستخدم‬
Second action ‫الحدث الثاني‬
First action ‫الحدث األول‬

Celia had done her homework She went to bed

We can combine the two sentences using before and after. ‫يمكننا الجمع بين الجملتين باستخدام قبل وبعد‬

1- Celia had done her homework before she went to bed.

2- Before Celia went to bed, she had done her homework.
3- Celia went to bed after she had done herhomework.
4- After Celia had done her homework, she went to bed.
Rules ‫ القواعد‬:
1. had done +before+ went 2. Went + after + had done

Past perfect past simple past simpe past perfect

Other expressions:

When Past after past

Before Simple already perfect

So Never /just

because

Examples:

1. Jessica had already left the house when the postman arrived.
2. Salma bought a new OPPO A5 2020 after she had collected money.
3. Maria had just bought a dress when a thief stole her bag.

My aunt flew to Paris last year. She __________ (never / go) on a plane before that.

2.- We didn’t need to queue because my wife _________ (already / buy) the tickets

3.- The thieves had already spent the money when the police ________ (catch) them.

4.- Helen ________ (split up) with John before she met Paul.

5.- We ________ (know) her address because she _______ (tell) us.

6.- The children _________ (not eat) for days so they ___________ (be) extremely hungry.

7.- Everyone ___________ (hug) each other after they __________ (finish) their exams.

8.- She didn’t want to go to the cinema because she ___________ (already / see) the film.

9.- I ________ (just / buy) a dress when a thief _______ (steal) my bag.

10.- My niece _________ (go) to London three times by the time she _________ (be)
sixteen.
11.- My students ________ (raise) some money after they ________ (see) a documentary
on TV about Africa.