Freelancer Study 2022

Freelancer
Study
2022
Freelancer Report
Financials, Self-employment,
Demographics, Outlook, Covid-19
The last couple of years and overall economic situation
has been a challenging time for freelancers. However,
according to several surveys we’ve run throughout Covid-
19, it looks like independent professionals do not give up
in extreme situations. On the contrary, the majority used
the time to further develop their own skills. Everyone who
has been in the business for a long time knows that
expertise and know-how are key to set high hourly rates.
As a result, highly specialized freelancers are profiting
from the actual freelance market. The results of our study
show that the project market has stabilized and the
number of freelance projects will grow further.
For this study, we collected data from 2,610 freelancers

from March until May 2022.
We warmly thank all participants and hope you enjoy

reading the study!
Thomas Maas
CEO / freelancermap GmbH
Agenda
1. Financials
Rates, income, comparison
2. Self-employment
Challenges, freelance work
3. Demographics
Origin, education, industry
4. Outlook
Project market situation, forecasts
5. Covid-19
Impact of Covid-19 on the freelance market
Agenda
1. Financials
2. Self-employment
3. Demographics
4. Outlook
5. Covid-19
FREELANCER STUDY 2022 / FINANCIALS
Average hourly rate 2022

What is your hourly rate in USD? (VAT not included)
35%
32%
30% Remarkable
$98
25% 24%
20%
is the average hourly rate of
freelancers in 2022.
15%
12%
10%
10% 32% charge between
6% 6% 6% $75 and $99 per hour.
5% 4%
0%
< $25 $25 - $49 $50 - $74 $75 - $99 $100 - $124 $125 - $149 $150 - $174 > $174
Freelancer study 5
Start capital
Which financial buffer do you recommend before starting freelancing (USD)?
$5,376
Start capital
$10,753 Start capital
that freelancers had available before recommended by freelancers before
starting freelancing. starting freelancing.
Freelancer study 6
Gross revenue
What was your gross revenue in 2021 (USD)?
35 %
32%
30 %
Remarkable
25 %
20 %
15 %
15%
32%
13% had a gross revenue of
12%
10% 10% less than $50,000 in 2021.
10 % 8%
5%
0%
< $50,000 $50,000 - $75,000 - $100,000 - $125,000 - $150,000 - > $175,000
$74,999 $99,999 124,999 $149,999 $175,000
Freelancer study 7
Gross profit
What was your gross profit in 2021 (USD)?
35 % 33%
30 %
Remarkable
25 %
20 %
15 %
19%
15%
33%
13% had a gross profit of
10% 10% less than $25,000 in 2021.
10 %
5%
0%
< $25,000 $25,000 - $50,000 - $75,000 - $100,000 - > $125,000
$49,999 $74,999 $99,999 $125,000
Freelancer study 8
Loss of revenue
28%
still feel negative effects
due to the pandemic.
In the current year
61%
don‘t feel negative effects
2022, do you still feel
negative effects on
your revenue due to
on their revenue. the pandemic?
10%
are not sure if they are still
experiencing negative effects.
Freelancer study 9
Hourly rates by role

$120
$113
$110 $108
$104 e.g.
Agile
Coach
Remarkable
$100
$90 $88 $88

$85
$82
$113
is the average hourly rate
$80 of consultants.
$70
Consultant Manager Project lead Other Quality Manager Developer Project member
Freelancer study 10
Hourly rates by education level

$100
$92
$90
$90 $89 Remarkable
$80
$81 $92
is the average hourly rate
of freelancers with a university
degree.
$70
University / College High school / A-levels Post graduate / Doctor Other
Freelancer study 11
Hourly rates by industry

Traffic / Transport / Logistics $123
Insurance $113
Banking / Finance $110
Energy $108
Remarkable
Aerospace $105
Freelancers working in the Traffic /
Telecommunications $101
Transport / Logistics
Healthcare / Pharma $101 industry earn an average hourly rate of
Retail $100
$123
Industrial $99
Automotive $99
Public sector $98
Consulting $92
IT / Software $89 The industries Insurance,
Electronical $87 Banking/Finance, Energy and
Other $81 Aerospace are among the top 5.
Media $75
The lowest hourly rates are paid in the
Tourism $74 Media and Tourism industries.
$70 $80 $90 $100 $110 $120 $130
Freelancer study 12
Hourly rates by area of expertise

SAP $120
Consulting / Management $119

Remarkable
IT infrastructure $95
Freelancers working in the SAP
Development / Tech / Data $91 field receive on average
Marketing / Communication
Other
$86
$83
$120
Engineering $77 The lowest hourly rates are paid in the
Graphics / Content / Media field ($65).
Graphics / Content / Media $65
$50 $60 $70 $80 $90 $100 $110 $120 $130
Freelancer study 13
Hourly rate by continent

$54
Asia
$96 $96
North Europe
America
$53 $53
South Africa
America
Freelancer study 14
Monthly income
On average, what is your monthly net freelance income (USD)? (without taxes and expenses)
30%
24%
Remarkable
25%
22%
$6,269
21%
20%
16%
$ 3,713
15% is the average net monthly
income of freelancers.
10%
is the average net monthly
7% 7% 24% have an average monthly
income of freelancers.. net income between $5,000
5% and $7,499.
0%
< $2,500 $2,500 - $4,999 $5,000 - $7,499 $7,500 - $9,999 $10,000 - $12,500 > $12,500
Freelancer study 15
Hourly rates women vs men

Is there a gender gap in the hourly rates for women and men?
$84
Women
$100 Men
$4,206 $6,668
net monthly income
net monthly income
Freelancer study 16
Income satisfaction
66%
are satisfied with
Are you satisfied
with your
income level?
34%
are not satisfied with
their actual income. their actual income.
Freelancer study 17
Income satisfaction by industry

SAP 72% 28%
IT infrastructure 62% 38% Remarkable
72%
Engineering 58% 42%
Development / Tech / Data 58% 42%
Consulting / Management 54% 46% of freelancers working in the SAP field

are satisfied with their income.
Marketing / Communication 49% 51%
Only 34% of freelancers working in the

Other 44% 56%
Graphics / Content / Media sector are
satisfied with their income.
Graphics / Content / Media 34% 66%
satisfied not satisfied
Freelancer study 18
Freelancing vs. employment

12%
consider they are earning
probably the same.
Do you earn more 10%

59%
say they earn more than their
than your colleagues
working on a
permanent full
think they are earning less.
counterparts working full time. time job?
18%
don’t know if they get more
or less than other
full time employees.
Freelancer study 19
Finances & Income

Key findings
$10,753 $98 $6,269 $84/ $100 66%

Start capital Average hourly rate Monthly net income Average hourly rate w/m Income satisfaction
Freelancer study 20
Agenda
1. Financials
2. Self-employment
3. Demographics
4. Outlook
5. Covid-19
“Interest in joining the freelance revolution has never been
stronger and for good reason.
Over 90% of corporates say they will increase their

reliance on freelancers to supplement the capabilities of
their full-time workforce. Moreover, a majority of
freelancers say they are pleased with their financial
performance, enjoy the work, appreciate the flexibility and
choice of a freelance career, and would be reluctant to
abandon their part- or full-time freelance work.
Freelancing is here to stay!”
Jon Younger
HR thought leader, author, teacher and early stage investor / Forbes
FREELANCER STUDY 2022 / SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Freelancing part-time
2%
don‘t know.
Were you already

working as a part-time
35%
63%
freelancer before
were working as a
starting your own part-time freelancer.
business?
were not working as a
part-time freelancer.
Freelancer study 23
Reasons to go freelance
Why did you become a freelancer?
Independence / Self-employment / Be my own boss 76%
Better opportunities for higher income 49%

Remarkable
Flexible working hours 47%
Variety of tasks
Professional challenge 28%

42%
76%
chose the opportunity to be their own
Lucrative offer / favorable opportunity 24% boss as the reason for making the leap.
Favorable market situation 21%

Better opportunities for getting a
higher income was voted by 49%.
Unemployment 17%
Other 4%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Freelancer study 24
Freelancer facts 11 years

Work experience and starting age
on average have freelancers already
been self employed.
37 years old
is the average age of freelancers
when taking the leap.
12 years
of work experience on average is
gained by freelancers before going
freelance.
Freelancer study 25
Freelance challenges
What are the major challenges freelancers face?
Project acquisition 56%
Work-life balance 36%

Remarkable
Better payment 31%
Staying productive
Scheinselbstständigkeit (for German freelancers)

24%
24%
56%
agreed that finding new projects is
Affordable health insurance 20% the biggest challenge for freelancers.
Accounting 18%
Work-life balance is the second
biggest challenge (36%), followed by
Project management 10%
getting a better payment (31%).
Other 5%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Freelancer study 26
Successful freelancer
What is particularly important for freelancers to be successful?
Expertise and know-how 87%
Work experience 80% Remarkable

Having expertise and know-how is the most
Having a network 54% important thing to succeed as a freelancer
according to
87%
References 48%
Further education 40%
Certifications 17%
Certifications are only important for
17% of the surveyed freelancers.
Other 8%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Freelancer study 27
Soft skills for freelancers

What are the most relevant soft skills for freelancers?
Communication skills 71%
Problem-solving skills 62%
Willingness to learn 55% Remarkable
71%
Discipline 55%
Self-motivation 54%
Flexibility 52%
consider having great communication
Self-confidence 47% skills as the most relevant soft skill for
freelancers.
Commitment 42%
Emotional intelligence 31% Following problem-solving and

willingness to learn.
Creativity 30%
Other 2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Freelancer study 28
Benefits of freelancing
What are the main benefits of freelancing?
Independence 71%
Freedom to decide 62%

Remarkable
Time management 55%
Project diversity
Get higher income 45%

49%
71%
consider independence the main
Remote work 43% benefit of freelancing.
Freedom to select clients 40%

Remote work is important
only for 43%.
No income limits 25%
Other 2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Freelancer study 29
Disadvantages of freelancing
What are the main disadvantages of freelancing?
Project acquisition 50%
Irregular income 44%

Remarkable
50%
Late payments 37%
Unpaid vacation 36%
Accounting 25% reported project acquisition as the main

disadvantage of freelancing.
Contract negotiations 19%

Irregular income is a
Time management 18% disadvantage for 44%.
Other 5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Freelancer study 30
Beginner mistakes
Which mistakes did you make more often at the beginning of your freelancer career?
Hourly rate too low 60%
Time for project acquisition neglected 33%

Remarkable
Accepted unsuitable projects 29%
60%
Enjoyed just a few days off / vacation 26%
Not enough money put aside 26%
Too little time planned for family and friends 25% of freelancers cited charging too
low as their main mistake at
Too tolerant with late payments 24% the beginning of their career.
Administrative work done by myself (accounting,
22%
marketing, etc.)
Accepted too many projects 14% Underestimation of time for project

acquisition is at second place (33%).
Other 4%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Freelancer study 31
Freelancer facts
12
Working hours and holidays
projects
are completed by freelancers on
average every year.
45 hours
are freelancers working for on
average every week.
25 days
of vacation do freelancers take
on average per year.
Freelancer study 32
Self-marketing
How do you market your freelancing services?
Professional networks 76%
Freelancing platform 73%

Bemerkenswert
76%
Personal website 52%
Social media 29%
Personal blog 9% of freelancers say they use professional

networks to market their services.
Guest posts 8%
7 out of 10 surveyed freelancers use
Speaker 7% platforms such as freelancermap for
their self-marketing.
Other 5%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Freelancer study 33
Accepting a project
Which factors influence your decision of accepting a project?
Hourly rate 73%

Remote work available 54%
Professional challenge 48%
Remarkable
Matching skills 46%
73%
Project duration 43%
Personal development 30%
Technology stack 28%
Reputation of the company 23% of freelancers decide whether or not
Proximity to place of residence 21% to accept a project based on
the hourly rate.
Industry 18%
Sense of social responsability 12%
For 54% is important to be able
Internationality 11% to work remotely.
Size of the company 10%
Other 2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Freelancer study 34
Rejecting a project
Why do you reject projects?
Low hourly rate 72%
Project does not fit skills 72%

Remarkable
Capacity limit exceeded 57%
No remote work available
Insufficient project information 25%

44%
72%
Commute too long 22% reject projects because the hourly rate is
too low and the requirements don‘t
Bad company reputation 17% fit the freelancer‘s skills.
Low professional challenge 15%

44% decline project offers due to the
Language barriers 14% unavailability of remote work.
Other 3%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Freelancer study 35
Mixed teams
7%
don‘t know.
Do you normally work

in mixed teams of
79%
freelancers and
14%
permanent employees don‘t work in mixed teams.
(blended workforces)?
work in mixed teams.
Freelancer study 36
Working life
Key findings
12 years 11 years 45 hours 12 projects 25 days
Work experience Freelancing Work per week Per year Vacation
Freelancer study 37
Agenda
1. Financials
2. Self-employment
3. Demographics
4. Outlook
5. Covid-19
“Due to the huge demand and low resources,
becoming a freelancer - especially in the tech
industry – is almost risk-free these days. When I
started freelancing back in 2012, it used to be
much harder to get a good project and work on it
long-term.
The mainstream adoption of remote work has been

very helpful, empowering freelancers to become
location independent. There is a strong chance to
witness the beginning of a golden age for remote
freelancing, as it should be.”
Sebastian Dracopol
Project and Product Manager / Freelancer
FREELANCER STUDY 2022 / DEMOGRAPHICS
Gender distribution
What is the relationship between female and male freelancers?
17%
Women
83% Men
2% more women compared to the Still, the vast majority of
previous year. participants were men.
*0,46% reported diverse or prefered not to sa.y
Freelancer study 40
Freelancer location
Where do freelancers live and work?
79
countries Freelancing is a global phenomenon - freelancers
based in 79 different countries completed the
survey. The most participative countries were:
Germany, Switzerland, Austria, India, Ukraine,
Romania, and LATAM countries (such as, Argentina,
Brazil, Venezuela and Colombia).
Freelancer study 44
Education
What's your highest educational level?
University / College 72%
Remarkable
Other 4%
72%
of the surveyed freelancers
High school / A-levels 3% have an academic degree.
The top answers among others:

Self-taught, SAP certification,
Post graduate / Doctor 3% online academies and courses.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Freelancer study 42
Area of expertise
What is your area of expertise?
Development / Tech / Data 31%
Consulting / Management 28%
IT infrastructure 9%
Remarkable
59%
Engineering 7%
Graphics / Content / Media 7%
Marketing / Communication 6% of the surveyed freelancers work in

development, tech and data
or consulting and managment.
Other 6%
SAP 6%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Freelancer study 43
Role on projects
What was your position in the last (or current) project?
Consultant 25%
Developer 25%
Project Lead 16%

Remarkable
Project Member
Manager 10%
12%
50%
of freelancers are
Consultants or Developers.
Other 9%
Quality Manager 2%
0% 10% 20% 30%
Freelancer study 44
Projects industry
In which field was your last (or current) project?
20%
15%
15% Remarkable
10%
10%
9% 9% 8% 8%
7% 7% 15%
5% 4% of the surveyed freelancers
5% 4% 4% 4% work in the IT / Software field.
3%
2% 2%
1%
0% Top mentions in other fields:
Education, architecture and
construction.
Freelancer study 45
Company size
What was the company size on your last (or current) project?
30% 28%
Remarkable
28%
20% 19%
16%
14% 14%
9% work in large companies

10%
with more than 5,000 employees.
0%
< 10 employees 10 - 100 101 - 500 501 - 1,000 1,001 - 5,000 > 5,000 employees
employees employees employees employees
Freelancer study 46
Retirement
How are you saving money for your retirement?
60%
52% 51% 49%
40%
38% Remarkable
31%
20%
20% 17%
14% 12% 10%
5% 4%
$1,051
0% is the average freelancers are
putting aside for retirement (per
month).
State pension, securities and real

state are the most popular
options.
Freelancer study 47
Demographics
Key findings
17% / 83% 46 years old $1,051 / month 72% 64 years old
Women / Men Age Retirement savings University graduates Planned retirement age
Freelancer study 48
Agenda
1. Financials
2. Self-employment
3. Demographics
4. Outlook
5. Covid-19
“Online freelancers are already an undoubtedly vast
percentage of the world's workforce. With this
awakening of the possibilities of remote work and
the maturity of the internet, also comes
opportunity. These opportunities give everyone
options.
Options that previous generations couldn't even

imagine to be possible. I wholeheartedly believe
these new options are here for anyone willing to
take them. The future is freelance.”
Joel Sousa
Brand Designer and Freelancing Coach
FREELANCER STUDY 2022 / OUTLOOK
Project market
How would you rate the actual project market situation for freelancers?
40%
40%
Remarkable
64%
28%
24%
20%
rate the actual freelance project
market as (very) good.
7%
In 2021, only 53% of the
1% participants thought that the
project market was (very) good.
0%
Very good Good Neutral Bad Very bad
Freelancer study 51
Project market situation

42%
expect a better project
market situation.
Do you think the

project market
situation will
49% change in 2022?
expect the market to

remain the same.
9%
expect a worse
project market.
Freelancer study 52
Workplace
Where are you working for your actual project?
80%
71%
70%
60%
Remarkable
71%
50%
40% 36%
30% work remotely from home.
20% 15%
36% of freelancers work with an
8% hybrid working approach.
10%
5%
0%
Home-office Hybrid Client's office Rented space Co-working space
Freelancer study 53
Ideal workplace
Where do you prefer to work?
70%
63%
60%
Remarkable
50%
63%
43%
40%
30%
of freelancers prefer to
work from home.
20%
13%
9%
10% 8% Only 13% of freelancers would be
happy working 100% on-site. 43% are
okay with a hybrid work model.
0%
Home-office Hybrid Client's office Rented space Co-working space
Freelancer study 54
Freelancing in the future
1%
no longer want to work
as freelancer.
Do you want to
94%
want to keep working on a
continue working as a
freelancer?
5%
freelance basis. are not sure since the
Covid-19 outbreak.
Freelancer study 55
A look back
2%
would not choose to be a
freelancer if they could start
over.
If you could start
91%
over, would you still 7%
choose to be a don‘t know if they would
freelancer? become freelancers again.
would start their
freelancer business again.
Freelancer study 56
Government support
11%
think that governments set
good conditions and
framework for freelancers.
Do you think that
61% politics sets the right

framework
don‘t think that governments set conditions for
the right conditions.
freelancers?
28%
of freelancers are
neutral to this topic.
Freelancer study 57
Programming languages
In your opinion, which programming languages will become more important in the future?
50%
45% 44%
40% 38%
35%
30% 27% 27%

25% Top 3:
25% 24% 1-COBOL
2-React.JS
20% 18% 17% 3-Vue.JS
15%
15% 14% 13%
10% 8% 7% 7% 6% 5% 4% 4% 4%
5% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2%
1%
0%
Freelancer study 58
Future relevant industries

In your opinion, which of the following IT industries will see a marked rise in the future?
Remarkable
67%
attribute growing
importance to IT security.
Further, the topics AI (65%),

Cloud Services (55%), and Big Data (41%)
are expected to play important roles, too.
Others
Freelancer study 59
Agenda
1. Financials
2. Self-employment
3. Demographics
4. Outlook
5. Covid-19
“87% feel (very) satisfied in their role as a freelancer.
73% don’t fear a loss of livelihood.
64% assess their economic situaton as (very) good.
The results of our study show that the mood between

freelancers is positive and the project market has stabilized
and will grow further. The Corona crisis seems to be
overcome.
Politicians and governments should now improve the

framework conditions for freelancers. Companies can thus
benefit more quickly from the know-how of freelance
experts - an important cornerstone for competitiveness and
innovation.”
Florian Baumann
Head of Marketing / freelancermap GmbH
FREELANCER STUDY 2022 / COVID-19
Loss of livelihood
7%
don‘t know how to
feel about it.
73%
Do you fear a loss of
livelihood because
of the pandemic? 19%
don‘t fear a loss of livelihood, still fear a loss of livelihood.
compared to 69 % in 2021.
Freelancer study 62
Economic situation
How would you assess your economic situation?
50%
42%
40% Remarkable
30%
22%
29%
64%
20% assess their current economic
situation as (very) good. 7% as
(very) bad.
10%
6%
In 2021 62% answered (very) good
1%
and 10% (very) bad. A favorable
0% perspective.
Very good Good Neutral Bad Very bad
Freelancer study 63
Project acquisition
How do you usually get your projects?
70 %
62%
60 %
Remarkable
50 %
40 %
30 % 27%
62%
get new clients using both active
and passive approaches.
20 %
10%
10 % 27% don‘t need to invest time to
find new projects. Clients find
them instead.
0%
Active and passive Passive (subcontracts, referrals, Active (cold emails, applications to
recurring clients, follow-up projects) open projects, social media
comments)
Freelancer study 64
Acquisition channels
Which channel is working best for projects acquisition?
Project platforms (e.g. freelancermap) 37%
Personal network 26% Remarkable
37%
Recruitment / Staffing agencies 17%
Social media 7%
use freelancing platforms as their

Recommendations from other freelancers 6%
primary acquisition channel.
Own website 3%
26% of the freelancers get most of
their projects recommended through
Cold calls 2%
their personal network.
Other 2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Freelancer study 65
Personal fulfillment
How satisfied do you feel in your role as a freelancer?
60%
49%
50%
Remarkable
87%
40% 38%
30%
of freelancers feel fulfilled and
are (very) satisfied working as
20% freelancers.
11%
10% Only 2% of all surveyed freelancers
said to be (very) unhappy.
2%
0%
0%
Very satisfied Satisfied Neutral Unhappy Very unhappy
Freelancer study 66
freelancermap
Pretzfelder Straße 7-11
90425 Nürnberg
Germany
info@freelancermap.com
+49 911 340 983 270
freelancermap.com
Data privacy
© Copyright 2022
All contents included in this report in particular texts, photographs and graphics, are protected by copyright. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, the copyright is held by
Freelancermap GmbH, Pretzfelder Straße 7 11, 90425 Nuremberg, Germany.
All rights including duplication, publication, editing and translation are reserved. Any use of these copyrighted contents is strictly prohibited. Content may be used for reporting,
naming the author freelancermap as the source.
Nürnberg, July 2022

freelancermap was launched in Germany in 2005 as an open marketplace for
experienced professionals and experts within the IT field.
Since 2012 we’ve been connecting freelancers and companies outside of

Germany too. We make sure IT experts and clients find each other without
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Freelancer Study 2022

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Freelancer

For this study, we collected data from 2,610 freelancers

We warmly thank all participants and hope you enjoy

Average hourly rate 2022

In the current year

Hourly rates by role

$90 $88 $88

Hourly rates by education level

Hourly rates by industry

Hourly rates by area of expertise

Consulting / Management $119

$50 $60 $70 $80 $90 $100 $110 $120 $130

Hourly rate by continent

Hourly rates women vs men

Income satisfaction by industry

IT infrastructure 62% 38% Remarkable

Development / Tech / Data 58% 42%

Consulting / Management 54% 46% of freelancers working in the SAP field

Only 34% of freelancers working in the

satisfied not satisfied

Freelancing vs. employment

Do you earn more 10%

counterparts working full time. time job?

Finances & Income

$10,753 $98 $6,269 $84/ $100 66%

Over 90% of corporates say they will increase their

Freelancing is here to stay!”

Were you already

Independence / Self-employment / Be my own boss 76%

Better opportunities for higher income 49%

Professional challenge 28%

Favorable market situation 21%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Freelancer facts 11 years

Project acquisition 56%

Work-life balance 36%

Scheinselbstständigkeit (for German freelancers)

0% 20% 40% 60%

Expertise and know-how 87%

Work experience 80% Remarkable

Further education 40%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Soft skills for freelancers

Communication skills 71%

Problem-solving skills 62%

Willingness to learn 55% Remarkable

Emotional intelligence 31% Following problem-solving and

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Freedom to decide 62%

Get higher income 45%

Freedom to select clients 40%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Project acquisition 50%

Irregular income 44%

Unpaid vacation 36%

Accounting 25% reported project acquisition as the main

Contract negotiations 19%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Hourly rate too low 60%

Time for project acquisition neglected 33%

Not enough money put aside 26%

Accepted too many projects 14% Underestimation of time for project

0% 20% 40% 60%