CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
As the use of new technology grows, library platforms are opening up, providing
opportunities to improve how quickly and easily individuals can access the right information
wherever they are. As a result, to comply with this rule, library professionals must adopt new
apps in order to improve library services and keep up with technological advancements.
Although QR Code is one of the technologies already used to improve the serviceability of
library activities, it is still difficult to adopt and integrate all the activities that support academic
function even if it may satisfy the needs of users and library professionals. [1]
With the development of communication technologies in today's digital world, data and
information are no longer tied to specific geographic locations. Students of today's generation
frequently multitask and use online resources rather than those found in physical libraries. This
can be explained by the simplicity of accessing information with just one click rather to wasting
time looking through books.[2] Any library system's main organizational and record-keeping
challenges are these. Due to the high volume of patrons and materials, there is a potential that
books will be lost because they are moved about the library frequently. the challenge of users
and librarians trying to find the books. [3]
A QR code-based library management system is introduced to help librarians and users
overcome all of their challenges and improve the overall functionality of the library. This system
uses a QR code to create a database for all books, staff, and students, which is then uploaded
using the Python Flask Framework. The database management system serves as the foundation
for the library management system implementation utilizing the Python Qt5 framework. This
software is intended to manage all book records as well as staff and student data for the loan and
return of books. The term "database" describes a group of records that can create information
that is helpful. [4.]
You can access, modify, manage, regulate, and organize the data to carry out different
data processing tasks. QR codes are 2D matrix barcodes that are scanned using exploitation-
smart and web-capable smart mobile phones having cameras with website address, email
address, details of items within catalogue, and phone numbers. The data is indexed across rows,
columns, and tablets that makes workload processing operations. The primary goal of the 2D
symbols known as QR codes, invented by Toyota Denso Wave in 1994, was to make them
quickly and simply decodeable by scanner equipment in both the vertical and horizontal
orientations. There are primarily four types of data that can be encoded into information or
transmitted through supported extensions: numeric, alphanumeric, byte or binary, and kanji.[5]
Using a computer-based information system to manage the library allows the staff to
keep track of the collection and create reports. A library management system that is integrated
into the cloud computing architecture offers benefits including the ability to share collections
with other institutions so that students from those institutions can access the catalog in more
advanced development. [6]
Theoretical perspective studies in suggested that Quick Response (QR) code is one of the
technologies that could be used in library management system and suggested that the use of QR
code for library offer some advantages involving such as fast process, able to store big data, uses
standard technology (only camera to percept the code), and can be used by user without specific
skills so that it would be able to improve service quality, such as to shorten borrowing or return
times. Based on these benefits, a library management system was developed using a QR code in
this published study. [7]

Objectives of the Study

The goals of the study that was published were as follows:
(1) To store information about the library's collection (which consists primarily of books) in a
QR code,

(2) To enter the process of borrowing, extending, and returning in the database,

(3) To monitor the borrowing status of the students’ books.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The library management system's development process would be discussed and tested
after it was presented throughout the text. The development and testing of systems is viewed
from a practical-empirical point of view throughout the text. To safeguard the students' right to
privacy, their accounts and information would not be included in this study. In this investigation,
just the necessary pivoting accounts must be kept under ethical attention.
Significance of the Study
Many libraries, including school libraries, used to manage their collections manually,
using pencil and paper. This is essential to address issues that typically arise in manual processes
in libraries, such as (1) the time required for borrowing, extending, and returning transactions,
(2) the difficulty of tracking books and other loanable resources, (3) the time required for report
compilation, (4) the time required for determining whether the student has returned the book, and
(5) the security of the book from thieves, though this is not a major concern. The cost of
implementation should be minimal is another important need. Benefits of computer-based
information systems should be investigated in order to address these issues.
CHAPTER 2
CONCEPTUAL FRAMWEWORK
Review of Related Literature of the Study
The study in reveals that Quick Response (QR) codes are two-dimensional codes that
were created in 1994 by the Japanese business Denso-Wave. 4,296 alphanumeric characters,
7,089 numeric characters, 1,817 kanji characters, and 2,953 binary bytes can all be stored in a
QR code. The data capacity of a QR code is more than that of other two-dimensional codes like
PDF417, DataMatrix, and Maxi codes. The QR code has found widespread application across
numerous industries thanks to its benefits. [8] The possibility for using QR codes in marketing
has also been investigated, and the findings suggested that using them could boost customer
happiness and marketing effectiveness. Varallyai investigated the use of QR codes for directing
people to farms and storing data about the fruits and vegetables that were grown there. Another
effective alternative to barcodes is QR codes, which may be used to track staff and student
presence in the workplace and in class.[9]
Dani talked about how the existing library management system was transformed into a
smart library management system that used QR codes. This study primarily focuses on the
significance of QR Code-based library management systems, which are effective and reliable for
librarians, staff, and students, work in real time, are simple to access, and reduce the burden on
librarians by making it easier to track the number of books overall, who has issued each book,
and how old they are. The idea of a Python Qt5 framework application and how it is used for a
College Library database that is accessible throughout the entire institution was also emphasized
by the author. [10]
Radio frequency identification (RFID) and QR codes are two technologies that could be
integrated into the library management system, according to previously published study (RFID).
presented a library administration system based on RFID. In comparison to manual library
management, this conceptual study demonstrated how the RFID system would be able to
improve both service quality and security. The system's disadvantage is that it would be highly
expensive to adopt in many Indonesian schools, particularly in many private schools in Surakarta
city because the cost of an RFID tag for a book is still quite high. [11]
Because a QR code might be created by the user and printed by them. When used in a
library, QR codes can be used for a variety of things, including directing users to online
information, displaying the most recent schedule, highlighting the electronic resources that are
currently available in the catalog, downloading documents, finding information through
searches, and allocating bookshelves. Additionally, a QR code might be used to locate and find
out the availability of a specific book. [12]
 The details or identity of the book will be encoded in the QR code utilizing QR code
technology. Actually, the administrator started the information using computer-based
information systems, placed it in a database, and at the same time, the system generated a QR
code. Every book has a different QR code. Every book has a unique QR code, even those with
the same title. The targeted book was then marked with the QR code that was printed on the
piece of paper. To decode the information in the book, the information system first reads the QR
code using a camera before comparing it to the code already stored in the system. [13]
Conceptual Model of the Study

Input Process Output

Requirement Analysis Coding Process Library QR Code
Management System
Codes
Figure 1: Conceptual
Paradigm Model
Operational Definition of Terms
Library Management System- A library management system is used to maintain library records.
It tracks the records of the number of books in the library, how many books are issued, or how
many books have been returned or renewed or late fine charges, etc.
QR CODE- QR Codes can link unlimited information. So, you can link your library catalogue to
a QR Code. All you need to create is a Website URL QR Code and place it at a convenient place
such as bookstore entrance. Upon scanning, readers will directly go to the catalogue and spot
their book.
References:
[1] Bellary, R. N. (2018). Quick Response (QR) Codes Connecting Library Patrons to
Information Resources Anytime Anywhere. Indian Journal of Information Sources and
Services, VIII (2), 16-18.
[2] Coleman, J. (2011). QR Codes: What Are They and Why Should You Care? Kansas Library
Association College and University Libraries Section Proceedings.1, pp. 16-23. New
Prairie Press.
[3] Dani, A., & Patil, R. (2020). QR Code based Library Management System. Journal of
Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), 7 (6), 1876-1883.
[4] Dyade, M. A., & Bhande, Y. V. (2017). Use Of QR Code: A Step Towards Development In
India. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 04 (09),
1165-1168.
[5] Gopale, V. B. (2019). QR Code and Useful Applications in Libraries. International Journal of
Library and Information Studies, IX (4), 82-86.
[6] Kadli, J. H. (2020). QR Codes: Academic Library Perspectiv in Digital Age. Library
Philosophy and Practice(e-journal).
[7] I. T. Asare, and D. Asare, “The effective use of Quick Response (QR) code as a marketing
tool”, International Journal of Education and Social Science, vol. 2, pp. 67-73, 2015.
[8] L. Varallyai, “From barcode to QR code applications”, Agricultural Informatics, vol. 3, pp. 9-
17, 2012.
[9] D. J. Cho, and M. Y. Bae, “Study on Development of OTIP system using QR code based on
smartphone”, International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, vol. 9, pp.
261-270, 2014. [
10] F. Masalha, and N. Hirzallah, “A Students Attendance System Using QR Code”,
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA), vol. 5, pp.
75-79, 2014.
[11] X. Wei, A. Manori, N. Devnath, N. Pasi, and V. Kumar, 2017, “QR Code Based Smart
Attendance System”, International Journal of Smart Business and Technology, vol. 5, 1-
10, 2017.
[12] F. Z. Xie, “The design and implementation of intelligent library management system based
on RFID/GRPS”, Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 6, pp.
839-844, 2014.
[13] D. Pons, R. Valles, M. Abarca, and F. Rubio, 2011, “QR codes in use: the experience at the
UPV Library”, Serials, vol. 24, pp. 547- 556, 2011.