Experiment-1.

5
Student Name: Anand PratapTiwari UID: 20BEL1015

Branch: Electrical Engineering Section/Group Group-A

Semester: 5th Date of Performance: 14/09/2022

Subject Name: Power System-II lab Subject Code: 20ELP-320

AimThis experiment deals with the load flow analysis using Newton Raphson Method .
Course outcome to be covered :To implement the Ac load flow Analysis for the different configuration of
power system .
List of Equipment Used: MATLAB Software.
Theory:

Load flow study in power system parlance is the steady state solution of the power system network. The main
information obtained from this study comprises the magnitudes and phase angles of load bus voltages, reactive powers
at generator buses, real and reactive power flows on transmission lines, other variables being specified. This information
is essential for the continuous monitoring of current state of the system and for analyzing the effectiveness of
alternative plans for future system expansion to meet increased load demanded.

Newton – Raphson method is an iterative method that approximates the set of non linear simultaneous equations
to a set of linear simultaneous equations using Taylor’s series expansion and the terms are limited to first
approximation. The rate of convergence is fast as compared to the FDLF program and also it is suitable for large size
system. So we go for N-R method.

The non-linear equations governing the power system network are,

I p = ∑ Y pq V p for all p
P =q

Where I pis the current injected into bus p.

The complex power in pth bus is given by,

S p = V p I ¿p
n
¿ V p[∑ Y pq V q ]*
q =1

In polar co-ordinates, the power on pt h bus is given as,

n
S p = P p+ j Q p= ∑ |V p||V q|e jδpq|Y pq|e jθpq
q=1

Separating the real and imaginary parts we gets,

n
P p = ∑ |V p||V q||Y pq|cos ¿ ¿+θ pq −δ q)
q=1

n
Q p=¿= ∑ |V p||V q||Y pq|sin ¿ ¿+θ pq −δ q)
q=1
Data to input:-

DATA :

NOMINAL VOLTAGE FOR SYSTEM =220 Kv

BASE MVA =100

TRANSMISSION LINE DATA

From bus To bus R X B/2

1 2 0.02 0.06 0.03

1 3 0.08 0.24 0.025

2 3 0.06 0.18 0.02

2 4 0.06 0.18 0.02

2 5 0.04 0.12 0.015

3 4 0.01 0.03 0.01

4 5 0.08 0.24 0.025

LOAD AND GENERATER DATA

GENERATION DATA Load Data

Bus No Bus voltage Mw Mvar Mw Mvar

1 1.06 0 0 0 0

2 1 40 30 30 10

3 1 0 0 45 15

4 1 0 0 40 5

5 1 0 0 20 10
Power world Simulator Output:-
 Log Data Of the Load Flow Analysis

Result- Performance of the load flow analysis by using N-R method. Use a tolerance of 0.01
for power mismatch.
Conclusion-The Newton Raphson Method is referred to as one of the most commonly used techniques for
finding the roots of given equations. It can be efficiently generalised to find solutions to a system of equations

Learning outcomes-
1. What is the Convergence in a system?

2. At what point, PQ buses converted into PV Buses?

3. How N-R method solves Non linear equation?

4. How Addition of link effect the convergence of method?

Evaluation Grid (To be filled by the faculty):-

Sr. No. Parameters Marks Obtained Maximum Marks

1. Understanding and knowledge about the procedure and the apparatus. 12

2. Theoretical overview of the experiment. (Viva/Voce) 8

3. Completion of worksheet with learning outcomes along with cleanliness and discipline. 10

Signature of Faculty (with Date): Total Marks Obtained: 30