4.d.

State which components of the product you will buy from

outside & which are to be produced in-house.
OUTSOURCE IN HOUSE PRODUCTION
Packaging material Driver (Mainboard converts
electricity AC to DC)
LED lamps LED mounted on PCB
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) LED bulb’s plastic body
Heat Sink and Thermal Paste Assemble
Machinery like MCPCB, Conveyor
Belt
Raw Material (That fits on PCB,
Plastic for mouldings)
LED bulb’s head that’s connected to
the holder

4.e. Draw the schematic model of the Supply Chain for the assigned
product.

1st step: Plan

Plan a product according to the consumer’s needs, like bulbs, tube lights, etc.
what stratagem should apply for operation.
Planning of a profitable supply chain.

2nd step: Develop

Developing means gaining relations with suppliers, developing new designs
through R&D, testing by developers, and then going for the making process.
LEDs
 Choose a minimum of two and a maximum of three suppliers
 LEDs should be LM80 approved
 Buy only from authorized distributors

Electronic parts, PCBs, drivers

 Source resistors and PCBs from domestic suppliers
 Source electrolytic capacitors and connectors from good sources and
authorized distributors
 Source active parts only of the authorized distributors
  Choose a maximum of two reputed suppliers for drivers, both of whom
can offer a warranty of a minimum of three years

Die-castings, extrusions
 Develop tooling only for high-volume items
 Standard sourcing for low-volume products

Secondary optics
 Choose a minimum of two and a maximum of three suppliers
 Optics should have the maximum light transmission ratio

Thermal interface materials

 Choose a maximum of two suppliers
 Buy only from authorized distributors/dealers or directly from
manufacturers

3rd step: make

One machine makes the bulb’s plastic body by Injection Moulding Technology.
Here is one manpower needed to stack the finished good.
One machine takes a die and is scolded with LED (led board) then tested and
stocked.
One MCPCB machine takes Raw PCB and feeds electronic components and
scolded on PCB and makes drivers (mainboard) then test and stock.
Then an assembly line starts. All components are assembled on the conveyor
belt and end of the assembly line the finished product will test for the last time
and go for packaging and then shift to the warehouse for storage.
4th step: Delivery
Finding suitable logistics and then sending to suppliers, and online traders.
Suppliers are sent to retailers, and at the end to customers.
5th step: Return
When a consumer gets a faulty product or a supplier gets a broken palate then
he needs to return the products and we give him money back or a new plat or
product.
4. f. Observations, findings, insights, suggestions, conclusion.
Observations:
I observe that if I outsource all the components then my profitability was low
and if I have more components produced in the house so my profitability is
more.
Findings:
I find that prepared led bulbs, the main thing needed that led and drivers. That’s
two things that are mainly needed and costly to outsource. A manufacturer
needs to manufacture these two things on his own so the cost of production was
low and profitability is high.
Suggestions:
My suggestion is I need to observe all the steps of the process of the unit and
test all the products and track all the assembly lines. All think will be pre-plan.
Like one supplier failed to supply raw materials so who is my next option?
Conclusion:
My conclusion is first to plan a product and how to produce the product in
which strategy. For this product what things do we need to develop by R&D.
Then make the product prototype and test? And then make the product.
Production, testing, packaging, and preparation for delivery come under the
making process. Then delivery and return process. In that, I learn the full step-
by-step process of an operation.