GIT

Dynamic Compaction-
Dynamic compaction is an efficient and cost effective soil improvement
technique that uses the dynamic effect of high energy impacts to densify
weak soil.
It is a ground improvement technique that densifies soils and fill
materials by using a drop weight.
Objectives –
The main objectives of dynamic compaction are to improve strength and
compressibility characteristics by either creating a uniform raft of
densified material, or by compacting at locations where concentrated
loads (e.g., column loads) will be applied.
Improved soil properties result in increased bearing capacity and
reduced settlements, including differential settlements.
Dynamic compaction often allows for construction of conventional
spread footings by providing bearing capacity of typically as much as
100-150 kPa.
Two Types -
RAPID IMPACT COMPACTION
HIGHENERGYIMPACTCOMPACTION

DEEP SOIL MIXING –

Deep soil mixing (DSM) is a ground improvement technique
that improves soft, high moisture clays, peats, and other weak
soils, by mechanically mixing them with dry cementitious binder.
The method helps to achieve significant improvement of mechanical and
physical properties of the existing soil, which after mixing with cement or
compound binders becomes the so-called soil-mix (or soil-cement). The
stabilized soil material that is produced has a higher strength, lower
permeability and lower compressibility than the native soil.
DEEP BLASTING
• Deep blasting is one of many ground improvement techniques.
 • It is a soil compaction technique in which explosive charge is placed
at suitable depth in the soil to be compacted. Then, the charge is
exploded to create ripples similar to that of earthquakes; resulting in
soil compaction.
• Blasting is an economical compaction method that can be applied
for various soil types such as granular, silt, clay, loess, etc.
STONE COLUMN
A Vibro replacement technique for ground improvement. Weak soil is
displaced using a cylindrical vibrating probe, creating a column which is
later filled with compaction of good quality stone aggregates.
With the inclusion of stone aggregates in situ soil, it’s stiffness & load
carrying capacity increases. Also helps in the reduction of static as
well as differential settlement.
stone columns are used to reduce settlement and increase load-
bearing capacity. They also accelerate soil consolidation as a result of
the drainage capacity of the granular material within the columns, which
act as pore or water pressure evacuation points.

GEOSYNTHETICS R/F
Geosynthetics is used in locations where shear stresses are
generated because shearing stress between soil and reinforcement
restrains the lateral deformation of the soil. Geosynthetics used for
increasing bearing capacity and permeability of soil, reducing settlement
of soil.

PVD - Prefabricated Vertical Drains, also known as Wick Drains or band

drains are prefabricated geotextile filter-wrapped plastic strips with
moulded channels. These act as drainage paths to take pore water out
of soft compressible soils that consolidate faster under a constant
surcharge load.
Vertical drains reduce the path of water out of the soil matrix. The
water flows horizontally into the vertical drains and then drains it out
vertically to the surface. Vertical drains make preloading to fit within the
construction schedule.