October 8: Group Deadline

October 10: Official Deadline

Introduction/Body (1st Question):

- Lazatin (Patriarchy)
- Dayrit (Sexism)
- Baccay (Other forms of gender inequalities…)
Conclusion (2nd Question):
- Ong
- Trabado

Baccay (Economic Gender Pay Gap)

Having presented the unsettling effects of sexism and patriarchy to the general practice of
science, the public is once again reminded of the woes those before them had to go through in
pursuit of a more progressive workforce, not just in science, but in society as a whole. Yet
contradictory with the diminishing trend and the improving nature of gender egalitarianism within
men and women, there still are alarming disparities that have forged new precedents of gender
inequality, threatening the stability of the modern workforce. If the focus is to be shifted on its
effect in the economy, such are still present in talks of land representation in low-paying jobs
and land ownership. In a study conducted by Ortiz-Ospina & Roser, of which they determined
the gender pay gap across countries and over time– where gender pay gap is defined as the
metric that tells us the difference in pay between women and men. In determining such, they
have unraveled the alarming representation of women in low-paying jobs, in contrast to women
in high-paying jobs– wherein 50% of those accepting low-paying wages are women. A
representation that blows the proportion of women in high-paying jobs– of which they are said to
be underrepresented. And in delving deeper, they have found economic inequalities concerning
gender also in assets owned by a pair of such. Land ownership, if charted, is a men-dominated
asset in which men are more in control over important household assets, which can be
detrimental to their spouses come their time of reckoning. (Ortiz-Ospina & Roser, 2018).
Reflecting upon such, the drastic representation of women and men in the economic chapter of
society has led to the decline of potential and earnings of countries in which women are not
given the chance to realize their potentials in their respective fields, pulling down alongside their
per capita basis. According to the World Bank in 2018, of the 141 countries they have been
studying in, an estimated 160.2 trillion dollars of wealth are said to be unrealized due to gender
inequality. Relating upon such to the Hidden Figures film, Dorothy Vaughan, who pioneered the
use of FORTRAN in getting to the moon, represented women back then in low-paying jobs
exceeding and realizing their potentials even with such restrictions– that no obstacle thrown at
them will make then lose their focus and dream of realizing their dreams.

(Ong #2)
We all lose value as a result of gender inequality, which is destroying our social fabric. It is a
huge waste of human potential and not only a human rights issue. We deprive half the
population of the opportunity to experience life to the fullest by denying women the same rights
as men. All people on the planet will benefit from political, economic, and social equality for
women. Together, we can end prejudice and work to ensure that everyone has the same rights
and is treated with respect. We Filipinos should end all forms of discrimination against all men
and women, and stop putting a barrier wherein we say that this job is for men only or this job is
suitable for women, everyone has the right to choose what they like, and as Filipinos, we should
respect those decisions. One example happening here in the Philippines is the wage gap that
we have, women earn more on average than men, but women in low positions earn much less
than men. The government uses this to emphasize the need for policies and programs to
improve female labor force participation in the Philippines by encouraging flexible work
arrangements, offering alternatives to child care, and addressing gendered societal norms that
limit women's engagement in the labor market through media campaigns, behavioral and
attitude change interventions that influence perceptions about masculinity, gender roles, earlier
childhood development, and other factors.

(Trabado #2)
In order for the Philippines to become more gender-neutral in science, DOST shared that their
department could play a significant role to close the gender gaps in science. According to Sec.
de la Peña, DOST already conducted different capacity building activities which could help to
effectively mainstream gender equality in their policies, projects, and activites. An example of
this is the Gender and Development (GAD) programs which aims to motivate female students to
pursue Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) for their Senior
Highschool, this program will also train teachers in encouraging and mentoring their students,
especially female students, to pursue science related careers. Sec. de la Peña added that he
believes that reducing the gender gap in STEM education could help lessen the skills gap,
accelerate employment, and improve the productivity of women as well as decrease
occupational segregation (DOST, 2022). To achieve this, Sec. de la Peña stated that they will
support and give opportunities for the women to participate in science and technology so that
they could help them develop and to provide them with resources to help them benefit from the
innovations of science.

References:

World Bank. (2018). Unrealized Potential: The High Cost of Gender Inequality in Earnings.
Retrieved from: https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/gender/publication/unrealized-potential-the-
high-cost-of-gender-inequality-in-earnings
Ortiz-Ospina, E. & Roser, M. (2018). Economic inequality by gender. Retrieved from:
https://ourworldindata.org/economic-inequality-by-gender

SDG. (2022). Achieve Gender Equality and Empower All Women and Girls. Retrieved from:
https://sdg.neda.gov.ph/goal-5/

Belghith, N., Buchhave, H. (2022). Overcoming barriers to women’s work in the Philippines.
Retrieved from: https://blogs.worldbank.org/eastasiapacific/overcoming-barriers-womens-work-
philippines

DOST. (2022). DOST Creates Equal Opportunities for Women to Pursue STEM Courses and
S&T Related Careers. Retrieved from: https://www.dost.gov.ph/knowledge-resources/news/74-
2022-news/2662-dost-creates-equal-opportunities-for-women-to-pursue-stem-courses-and-s-t-
related-careers.html