English for Academic Purposes

Building Academic Vocabulary

Part A
Match the sentence halves.
countries, less than 10% of people
a. Unsurprisingly, the increased have internet access. C

economies of Europe and North

b. In many countries, the increasing
America. D

c. According to the report, in some developing number of older people is starting

to affect public services. A

d. Most of their customers are in the developed

use of email led to a fall in the
number of letters sent. B

Part B
Rewrite the sentences using the word in CAPITALS. Make any other changes necessary.

EXAMPLE: Waterproof materials have many uses in medical contexts.

USEFUL

Waterproof materials are very useful in medical contexts.

1. The animals living in a certain area are all in competition for food.
COMPETE
The animals living in a certain area are all in compete for food.

2. The male and the female birds are slightly different in terms of
colouring. DIFFER
The male birds differ from female birds in terms of colouring.

3. Certain flowers attract more bees.

ATTRACTIVE
Certain flowers are more attractive to bees.

4. Researchers take careful measurements of each animal.

MEASURE
Researchers carefully measure each animal.
 Part C

Read the text below. Mark the statements true (T) or false (F) according to the text.

All the planets absorb heat from the sun in a process known as solar radiation. However, for life on our
planet to continue, Earth must stay at an average surface temperature of around 15°C. For the Earth to
stay at a constant temperature, it needs to absorb and emit radiation at the same rates.
As solar radiation travels to Earth, there is a series of steps which reduces the amount of radiation that
reaches the surface:
•Firstly, some is removed as it enters the atmosphere – the mixture of gases that surround our planet.
Around 25% is then reflected by the upper atmosphere and clouds, while a further 20% is absorbed by
them.
•
5% of the radiation is reflected from the surface of the Earth – by deserts or ice. Finally, 50% is
•
absorbed by the Earth's surface.
• Around 10% of this heat radiates from the surface, and the remaining 40% moves to the clouds and
the atmosphere. This heat is then radiated back out into space, completing the cycle.

Adaptedfrom: Johnson,K. (2016). GCSEPhysicsForYou. (5th ed.). Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press. p.214.

1. The process of absorbing heat from the sun is called solar radiation. T/F
2. If the average surface temperature of the Earth goes above 15°C, plants and animals might die. T/F
3. Half of the sun's solar radiation is reflected by clouds and the atmosphere. T/F
4. The heat from the Earth and clouds goes back into space. T/F

Part D

Choose the best word to complete the sentences.

1. The company has a network with offices in every country. (national/worldwide)

2. Farming and fishing are very important parts of the economy. (rural/urban)

3. An increase in car ownership has meant that the air quality in many areas is getting worse.

(rural/urban.)

4. The bridge was built in project between Denmark and Sweden. (a national/an international)

5. The Valley of the Kings is an important for the study of ancient Egyptian history.
(location/site)
Part E

Complete the sentences using one preposition (of, in, with, etc.) in each gap.

1. Organizations have been forced to adapt to changing market conditions.

2. The objective is to encourage the substitution of fossil fuels with cleaner forms of
energy.
3. We examine the changes in the ecosystem in response to climate changes.
4. Major modifications in/of the manufacturing lines were required to produce the new model.
5. The hospital is in the process of replacing the old paper-based system with a digital ordering
system.