INTRODUCTION

(Overview of
Tourism and
Hospitality)
IHM 101
Macro Perspective of
Tourism and Hospitality
Intended Learning Outcomes

01 02 03 04
Define tourism Explain the Describe the Appreciate the
and its related elements of characteristics importance of
concepts; travel used in of tourism and tourism and
defining hospitality hospitality.
tourists; industry;
What is your definition
of tourism?
“ Tourism is a social, cultural and economic
phenomenon which entails the movement of
people to countries or places outside their usual
environment for personal or
business/professional purposes.
United Nations World Tourism Organization, 2008 ”
These people are called visitors (which may be either tourists or excursionists; residents or
non-residents) and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism
expenditure
Tourism, Travel and Hospitality

► While tourism is the all-encompassing umbrella term for the

activities and industry that create the tourist experience, the
UNWTO (2020) defines travel as the activity of moving
between different locations often for any purpose but more so
for leisure and recreation (Hall & Page, 2006).
► Hospitality comes from the Latin word “hospitare” which
means “to receive as a guest”
► Hospitality can be defined as “the business of helping people
to feel welcome and relaxed and to enjoy themselves”
(Discover Hospitality, 2015, p. 3
Forms of Tourism
► Domestic Tourism – Comprises the activities of a resident visitor within the
country of reference either as part of a domestic tourism trip or part of an
outbound tourism trip.
► Inbound Tourism – Comprises the activities of a non-resident visitor within the
country of reference on an inbound tourism trip.
► Outbound Tourism – Comprises the activities of a resident visitor outside the
country of reference, either as part of an outbound tourism trip or as part of a
domestic tourism trip.

Combining these forms, there categories are formed:

► Internal Tourism = domestic + inbound tourism
► National Tourism = domestic + outbound tourism
► International tourism = inbound + outbound tourism
 Tourists (Overnight visitor)

• Temporary visitors staying at least

24 hours, and not more than one
consecutive year for leisure,
Two Classes business and other purposes

of Visitors Excursionists (Same-day

Visitor)
• Temporary visitors staying less than
24 hours in the destination visited
and not making an overnight stay
Examples of Same-Day Visitor
► Cruise passengers who arrive in a country on a cruise ship and return to the
ship each night to sleep on board even though the ship remains in port for
several days.
► Owners of passenger yachts.
► Passengers on a group tour accommodated in a train.
► Crew members (of cruise ships and/or warships) who do not spend the night
in the country of destination.
► Visitors who arrive and leave on the same day, in transit to and from their
destinations.
 ► A tourist is someone who travels
outside his or her usual environment
Definition of for at least 24 hours, for business or
leisure or other reasons.
Tourist
 ► Domestic – resident of a given country
traveling only within that country

► Inbound – non-residents traveling in a

Tourists can given country

be:
► Outbound – residents of one country
traveling in another country
 Distance

Length of stay at the destination

Elements of
Travel Residence of the traveler

Purpose of travel
 Visiting friends and relatives (VFRs)

Conventions, meetings and seminars

Business
Purposes of
Outdoor recreation
Travel
Entertainment

Personal
 ► The product is not brought to the consumer.
► The products of tourism and hospitality are
not used up.

Characteristics ► Tourism and hospitality is a labor-intensive

industry.
of Tourism and ► Tourism and hospitality is people-oriented.
Hospitality ► Tourism and hospitality is a
multi-dimensional phenomenon.
► The tourism and hospitality industry is
seasonal.
► The industry is dynamic.
 ► Contribution to the balance of
payments.
► Dispersion of development.
► Effect on general economic
Importance of development.
Tourism and ► Employment opportunities.
Hospitality ► Social benefits.
► Cultural enrichment.
► Educational significance.
► A vital force for peace.