02-11-2022

The Hindu News Analysis – 2nd November 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy
S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T

1 Previous Year Question Discussion @ beginning of the video

2 Colour Purple: saffron fields turn stage for tourist shots 12 10 1 12 10

3
Somashekara Reddy convicted of unlawful possession of - 1, 5 - - -
revolver after expiry of licence

4
Modi calls for road map to develop Mangarh Dham as a 11 9 11 11 9
global tribal destination
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram

The Hindu News Analysis – 2nd November 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy
S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T

5 The weakest link in the air pollution fight (Editorial) 8 6 6 8 6

T&C T&C T&C T&C

6 The C-295 and India’s aircraft industry (Text & Context) 1 1
8
1 1

7 Prelims Practice Questions

@ end of the video

8 Mains Practice Questions

*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram

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Previous Year Question – Prelims 2016

Q. The term “Intended Nationally Determined
Contributions” is sometimes seen in the news
in the context of
(a) Pledges made by the European Union to
rehabilitate refugees from the war-
affected Middle East.
(b) Plan of action outlined by the countries of
the world to combat climate change.
(c) Capital contributed by the member
countries in the establishment of Asian
Infrastructure Investment Bank.
(d) Plan of action outlined by the countries of
the world regarding Sustainable
Development Goals.

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Previous Year Question – Prelims 2016

India INDC
Q. The term “Intended Nationally Determined
Contributions” is sometimes seen in the news • To reduce Emissions Intensity of its GDP
in the context of
by 45% by 2030, from 2005 level.
(a) Pledges made by the European Union to
rehabilitate refugees from the war- • To achieve 50% cumulative electric power
affected Middle East. from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources
(b) Plan of action outlined by the countries of by 2030.
the world to combat climate change.
• Framework for India’s transition to
(c) Capital contributed by the member
cleaner energy for the period 2021-2030.
countries in the establishment of Asian
Infrastructure Investment Bank. • ‘LIFE’ - ‘Lifestyle for Environment’ as a
(d) Plan of action outlined by the countries of key to combating climate change.
the world regarding Sustainable
Development Goals.

Previous Year Question – Prelims 2016

Q. The establishment of ‘Payment Banks’ is being allows in
India to promote financial inclusion. Which of the
following statements is/are correct in the context?
1. Mobile telephone companies and supermarket
chains that are owned and controlled by residents
are eligible to be promoters of Payment Banks.
2. Payment Banks can issue both credit cards and debit
cards.
3. Payment Banks cannot undertake lending activities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

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Features of Payments bank

3. Specific restrictive licensing conditions:
1. Registered as a public limited company under the a) Only accept demand deposits (current deposits,
Companies Act, 2013. and savings bank deposits) and provide payments
2. Licensed under Section 22 of the Banking Regulation and remittance services.
Act, 1949 and governed by these acts. b) NRI deposits not permitted.
a) Banking Regulation Act, 1949; c) Maximum balance per individual customer - 2 lakhs
b) Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934; (increased in April 2021)

c) Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999; d) Can issue ATM/Debit Cards.

d) Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007; e) Cannot issue credit cards as lending is not
permitted.
e) Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee
Corporation Act, 1961; 4. Eligible entities to set up PB - Non-Banking Finance
Companies (NBFCs), mobile telephone companies, etc.
f) other relevant Statutes and Directives, Prudential
Regulations and other Guidelines/Instructions 5. Can have own branches and ATMs.
issued by RBI and other regulators. 6. Permitted to undertake utility bill payments etc. on
behalf of its customers and general public.

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Previous Year Question – Prelims 2016

Q. The establishment of ‘Payment Banks’ is being allows in
India to promote financial inclusion. Which of the
following statements is/are correct in the context?
1. Mobile telephone companies and supermarket
chains that are owned and controlled by residents
are eligible to be promoters of Payment Banks.
2. Payment Banks can issue both credit cards and debit
cards.
3. Payment Banks cannot undertake lending activities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. With reference to ‘LiFi’, recently in the
news, which of the following statements
is/are correct?
1. It uses light as the medium for high
speed data transmission.
2. It is a wireless technology and is
several times faster than ‘WiFi’.
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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LiFi Working

• Light Fidelity. • Principle - sending data by amplitude

modulation of the light source.
• Wireless communication system.
• LEDs - switched on and off faster.
• Uses visible light (between violet & red).
 Operating speed of LEDs - less than 1
• WiFi - uses radio waves.
microsecond.
• LiFi - usage of LED lights to transmit data
• Invisible on-off activity - enables data
wirelessly.
transmission using binary codes.

 Enables generation of digital strings with

different combination of 1s and 0s.

• LED on - 1

• LED off - 0

• Switching on & off quickly - data

transmission.

 No interfering light frequencies.

Significance

• 80% more efficient than WiFi.

 Speed - 1Gbps & beyond.

• Wireless communication over short

distances - 10m.

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Differences WiFi LiFi

Expansion Wireless Fidelity Light Fidelity

Data transmission via Radio waves Visible Light waves

Coverage within Coverage inside a confined area

Range
building/campus/compound or room

Interferences Subject to interferences Free from interferences

Data transfer rate Low (100 Mbps-1 Gbps) Very high ( 1 Gbps & beyond)

Advantages • Cheaper
• Efficiency  Need - few components, negligible
 Low energy consumption. additional power.

 Low cost - available already at homes, • Security

offices etc.  Available only to the users within a
• High speed confined area.

 Reason - low interference, high  Cannot be intercepted/misused outside the

bandwidths and high-intensity output. area under operation.

• Availability

 Availability of LED light = Availability of

internet.

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Limitations

• No internet accessibility without a light

source.

• Requirement - perfect line-of-sight.

• Data transmission affected by opaque

obstacles on pathways.

• Shorter range than WiFi.

• High initial installation cost.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. With reference to ‘LiFi’, recently in the
news, which of the following statements
is/are correct?
1. It uses light as the medium for high
speed data transmission.
2. It is a wireless technology and is
several times faster than ‘WiFi’.
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Pg: 12 – C, H;
Pg: 10 – B, T ;
Pg: 1 – D;

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Saffron

• ‘Red gold’.

• Wild saffron - ‘Crocus cartwrightianus’.

• Commercially cultivated saffron - ‘Crocus sativus’.

• Flowering plant, genus - ‘Crocus’.

• Family - ‘Iridaceae’.

• Commercial part - ‘Stigma’ of flower.

• Higher price - intense labour for harvesting.

• Native names - Kesar (Hindi), Kong ( Kashmiri),

Jafran (Bengali) & Kunkuma (Sanskrit).

Conditions for growth

Growing areas
• Cultivated - June & July and August &
• Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.
September.
• Introduced by Central Asian immigrants.
• Elevation - 1500 to 2500m above MSL.
• Associated with traditional Kashmiri cuisine.
• Requires 12-hrs of sunlight.
• Pampore region - ‘Saffron bowl of Kashmir’
• Summer - intense heat & dryness.
• Recognised as ‘Globally Important
Agricultural Heritage systems’ (GIAHS). • Winter - extreme cold.

• GIAHS - initiative of FAO. • Soil - loamy, sandy & calcareous soils.

 To safeguard & support world's • Acidic soil with pH 5.5 to 8.5.

agricultural heritage systems.

• Less water than other spice crops.

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements with
reference to National Mission on Saffron:
1. It was introduced in 2010-11 by the Ministry
of Science and Technology, Government of
India.
2. It objective is to increase saffron production
and to extend the support for creation of
irrigation facilities.
3. The mission was initially launched in Jammu
& Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Pg: 1, 5 – Bengaluru Edition

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Gun License in India Purpose for which Gun-licence can be applied

• Arms Act of 1959. • General Security - security for Banks,

Institutions, gunmen and protection squad of
• Can purchase only NPB guns.
VVIPs and politicians.

• Crop Protection - need protection from Non-

Scheduled pests and vermin.

• Sports Shooting.

• Returning NRI - has owned a gun in his

foreign residence for over 2 years.

• Person with Foreign National Status -

allowed to own & bear arms for a maximum
period of 6 months during their stay in
India.

• Gun license - valid for 3 years from the date of issuance.

• Renewal - before one month of the expiry.

• License may be granted for a shorter period.

• Continued possession of a firearm after the expiry of a

license is an offense under Section-25(1B)(b).

 Punishment - imprisonment up to 3 years.

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Quiz Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements with
reference to Gun-licensing in India:
1. Farmers with agricultural lands needing
protection from boars can apply for
Gun license.
2. A person with Foreign National Status
can apply for Gun license.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Pg: 11 – C, H, D;
Pg: 9 – B, T;

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Mangarh Dham

• Situated in Rajasthan’s Banswara district.

• Near Rajasthan-Gujarat
boundary.

• Massacre of tribal people

by British Indian Army in
1913.

• 1,500 Bhil tribals & forest

dwellers - killed.

Adivasi Jallianwala

• Massacre just 6 years

before Jallianwala Bagh
massacre.

Why Bhils protested?

• Bhil - tribal community across Maharashtra,

Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh & Rajasthan.

• Faced great harassment under British rule.

• Great famine of 1899-1900.

• Bhils of Banswara & Santrampur mostly

affected by drought.

• For the betterment of the situation.

• Demanded abolition of bonded labour system

• Relaxation of heavy agricultural taxes.

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Why were Bhils brutally massacred?

• Govind Guru

 Led Bhils in S.Rajasthan region.

 Bonded labour in Santrampur.

 During 1899 famine - worked with Bhils.

 1908 - Started Bhagat movement.

 To propagate vegetarianism & abstaining

from alcohols.

 Reject bonded labour & fight for rights.

 October 1913 - organized a religious fair.

 A large sacrificial fire - Dhuni.

 Around 50,000 Bhils gathered peacefully.

Practice Question – Prelims
 Rumors - Bhils plotted revolt against
Banswara & Santrampur. Q. Consider the following statements with
respect to Bhil tribes:
 Rulers asked British for help.
1. They are found only in Rajasthan and
 On 17thNov, 1913 - Bombarded with bullets & Gujarat.
artillery fire.
2. They perform the traditional folk dance
 Around 1500 Bhils brutally massacred. Ghoomar.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Pg: 8 – C, H;
Pg: 6 – B, D, T;

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
• Current events of national and international importance.
• Indian and World Geography-Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World.
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-IV
General Studies‐III: Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment

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Indo-Gangetic Plains

• Formed by interplay of – Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra & their tributaries.

• Vast basin with alluvium deposition.

• Rich soil cover with adequate water supply & favorable climate.

 Agriculturally productive.

 Densely populated physiographic division.

Sections of Norther Plains

1. Punjab Plains -

 Formed by Indus & its tributaries

 Dominated by doabs.

2. Ganga plain - between R.Ghaggar &

R.Teesta.

3. Brahmaputra plain - lie in East (Assam).

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• Plains formed of older

alluvium.
• Lies above the
• Streams & rivers re-emerge. floodplains of the
• Create a wet, swampy & rivers and presents a
marshy region. terracelike feature.
• Thickly forested region full
of wildlife.

Comprises the newer, younger

deposits of the floodplains

• Deposit pebbles in a narrow

belt.
• Streams disappear.

State Pollution Control Board (SPCBs) 3 key institutional constraints

• Established - Water (Prevention and • Composition of board lack important

Control of Pollution) Act 1974. stakeholders & crucial expertise.

• Working - supervision of CPCB.

Composition of SPCB

• Mission - implement environmental laws & • A chairman, and 5 members appointed by the state to represent the
government.
rules
• A member secretary with experience in dealing with the matters of

• For the protection of environment. environment laws.

• 2 members appointed by the government who function as local

• Under Air (Prevention and Control of authorities within the state.

Pollution) Act, 1981 - air quality • 3 persons nominated by the state government to represent the
interest of fisheries, agriculture, trade and any other interest as
management included. the government may seem fit.

• 2 members having special knowledge or practical experience in

respect of matters relating to the improvement of the quality of air
or the prevention, control or abatement of air pollution.

• 2 persons from companies, corporations which are either controlled,

owned or managed by the state.

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3. Critically under-staffed SPCB.

 Monitoring industrial compliance.

2. SPCB leadership - do not enjoy a long,
stable & full-time tenure.  Initiating enforcement actions – violations

 Additional charge in other govt.  Standard setting not prioritised.

departments.  Weaker regulatory scrutiny

 Issues
 Poor impact assessment.
 Long-term policy planning.
Conclusion
 Strategic interventions

 Effective execution - at reducing

air pollution

Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. Most of the State Pollution Control
Boards (SPCBs) and Pollution Control
Committees (PCCs) in India
remain non-transparent entities when
it comes to sharing information with
the public. Analyse.
(150 Words, 10 Marks)

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Pg: 1 – Text & Context – C, H, B, T;

Pg: 8 – D;

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
• Current events of national and international
importance.
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-III
General Studies‐ II: Governance,
Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and
International relations.
• Government policies and interventions for
development in various sectors and issues
arising out of their design and
implementation.

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Procurement of C-295MW transporter

• Originally produced by - Construccionaes Aeronauticcas SA.

• Now - part of Airbus.

• 2021 deal - procurement of 56 C295 aircraft.

• Reason - to replace Avro-748 planes.

Manufacturing facility in India • Airbus - after completion of 56 aircrafts -

allowed to sell to civil operators.
• Airbus - to deliver 16 aircraft in ‘fly-away’
condition. • Allowed to export to countries allowed by

 Fully developed in Spain. India.

 Delivery between 2023 and 2025.

Significance
• Remaining 40 - manufactured in India by
• India - 35th C-295 operator.
the Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL)
and Airbus. • Boost to the Make-in-India defence
programme.
 1st Indian made C295 - to be rolled out
by 2026.  Employment generation - skilled direct and
indirect jobs.
 Remaining 39 - within 2031.
 Creation of suppliers with global quality
standards.

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C295 specifications

• Capacity - 5 to 10-tonne.

• Speed - 480 kmph (max).

• Rear ramp door

 Quick reaction & para-dropping of

troops and cargo.

• Short take-off and landing from semi-prepared

surfaces. India’s civil aviation sector

 Areas in which C295 operated. • Footprint in civil aviation manufacturing.

 Brazilian jungles and Columbian mountains. • Data

 Deserts of Algeria and Jordan.  Airbus and Boeing - sourcing from

India for civil programmes.
 Cold climates of Poland and Finland.
 Commercial aircraft - partly
 Military operations in Chad, Iraq and
designed and made in India.
Afghanistan.
 Indian suppliers - selling
• Can operate from short airstrips - 2,200 feet
manufactured parts and engineering
long.
services worth $650 million.
• Can fly low-level operations - low speed - 110
knots.

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Reason
India’s position
• Two mantras
• 7th largest civil aviation market in the world.
 Make in India.
 Expected to become 3rd largest in 10 years.
 Make for Globe.
• International Air Transport Association.
• India becoming major manufacturer of
transport planes to enhance its potential.  India - to overtake China & US.

 Example - 2007 - Airbus - wholly  As the world’s 3rd largest air passenger
market by 2030.
domestic-owned design centre.
• World Travel and Tourism Council 2020.
 Engineers - specialised in high-tech
aeronautical engineering.  India rank 7/185

 Capacity to skill pilots and engineers  Travel & tourism’s contribution to the
in India. GDP.

Initiatives taken

1. Government
2. Private
• 100% FDI under the automatic route
• JetSetGo - flight operations carbon neutral
 Scheduled air transport service. by 2024.

 Regional air transport service.  Carbon management programme.

 Domestic scheduled passenger airline. • SpiceJet - World Economic Forum.

• Goal  Target - 100 million domestic passengers

on Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) by
 220 new airports by 2025.
2 030.
 30% increase in cargo flights for
perishable food items.

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Way forward Practice Question – Mains

• Growing area GS – II
 Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul. Q. The recent event for the foundation of
C-295 transport aircraft manufacturing
• Needed measure facility in Gujarat comes as a boost to the
 Conducive, stable policy environment.
domestic defence manufacturing
ecosystem. Do you agree with this
 Right policy framework - makes India statement? If yes, substantiate your
a hub for aircraft manufacturing. answer with example.
(150 words, 10 marks)

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Practice Question – Prelims

Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements with
respect to Bhil tribes:
1. They are found only in Rajasthan and
Gujarat.
2. They perform the traditional folk dance
Ghoomar.
Q. Consider the following statements with
reference to National Mission on Saffron:
1. It was introduced in 2010-11 by the Ministry
of Science and Technology, Government of
India.
2. It objective is to increase saffron production
and to extend the support for creation of
irrigation facilities.

Which of the statements given above 3. The mission was initially launched in Jammu
& Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.
is/are correct?
Which of the statements given above is/are
(a) 1 only
correct?
(b) 2 only (ANSWER)
(a) 1 and 2
(c) Both 1 and 2
(b) 2 only (ANSWER)
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Arrange the following conservation sites
from North to South
1. Mudumalai Tiger Reserve
2. Nagarhole Tiger reserve.
3. Parambikulam Tiger reserve
4. Periyar tiger reserve
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
(a) 2-1-3-4 (ANSWER)
(b) 1-2-3-4
(c) 2-1-4-3
https://youtu.be/vvHRBDWwpHw?t=1220
(d) 2-3-1-4 https://youtu.be/UbLMXkYt4dY?t=98

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Quiz Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements with
reference to Gun-licensing in India:
1. Farmers with agricultural lands needing
protection from boars can apply for
Gun license.
2. A person with Foreign National Status
can apply for Gun license.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Practice Question – Mains

Practice Question – Mains
GS – II
GS – II
Q. The recent event for the foundation of
Q. Most of the State Pollution Control
C-295 transport aircraft manufacturing
Boards (SPCBs) and Pollution Control
facility in Gujarat comes as a boost to the
Committees (PCCs) in India
domestic defence manufacturing
remain non-transparent entities when
ecosystem. Do you agree with this
it comes to sharing information with
statement? If yes, substantiate your
the public. Analyse.
answer with example.
(150 Words, 10 Marks)
(150 words, 10 marks)

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