Course Name : Computer Engineering Academic Year : 2020 - 2021

Subject and Code : Basic Mathematics (22103) Semester : First

A STUDY ON

CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY

MICRO PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in First Senester by the group of 3 students

Sr. Roll No Enrollment No Seat No

Full name of Student
No (Sem-I) (Sem-I)
1 50 PHADOL YASH SUNIL 2111670181 321841
2 51 GAMANE POOJA SANJAY 2111670127 321787
3 52 RAHANE DIVYA DATTATRYA 2111670191 321851
4
5
6
7
8

Under the Guidance of

Prof. U.R.Tambat
in
Three Years Diploma Pro gramme in Engineering & Technology of
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai
at
Sandip Foundation's, Sandip Polytechnic, Nashik
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION, MUMBAI

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. / Ms. PHADOL YASH SUNIL

Roll No: 50 of First Semester of Computer Diploma Programme in

Engineering & Technology at 1167- Sandip Polytechnic- Nashik , has completed the
Micro Project satisfactorily in Subject Basic Mathematics (22103) in the academic
year 2020 – 2021 as prescribed in the MSBTE prescribed curriculum of I - Scheme.

Place: Nashik Enrollment No: 2111670181

Date : / / 2021 Exam. Seat No: 321841

Project Guide Head of the Department Principal

Seal of
Institute
 Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project
Academic Year: 2020 -21 Subject & Subject Code: BMS (22103)
Course & Course Code: Computer Engg. Name of the Faculty: Prof.U.R.Tambat
Semester: I

Title of Micro Project: CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY

COs addressed by Micro Project:

a) Apply the concepts of algebra to solve engineering related problems.
b) Utilize basic concepts of trigonometry to solve elementary engineering problems.
c) Solve basic engineering problems under given conditions of straight lines.
d) Solve the problems based on measurement of regular closed figures and regular
solids.
e) Use basic concepts of statistics to solve engineering related problems.

Comments/suggestions about team work /leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……

Marks out of 06 Marks out of 04 for Total

Roll
Name of Student for performance performance in oral/ Marks
No.
in group activity presentation out of 10
50
PHADOL YASH SUNIL

Name & Signature of Faculty Name & Signature of HOD

(Prof.U.R.Tambat) (Prof. U. R. Tambat)
Mathematics
. Project...
Coordinate
Geometry...
 INDEX
Sr. No Name Of Content
1 Introduction
2 Slope of line
3 Intercepts Of A
Line
4 Standard Forms Of
Equation Of Straight
Lines
5 Angle between 2
straight lines
 Introduction:-
The straight line is one of the most
widely used concepts in the
engineering field. The equation of
the Straight line and different
concepts related to it. I.e. slope,
angle between lines are very much
essential in understanding the
relationship between two variables.

Straight Line:-
First degree equation in X and Y
represents a straight line.
General, equation of straight line
“ax + by + c = 0”

E.g. :- 1] 2x + 3y - 4 = 0
2] x + y + 1 = 0
 Slope of line :-
● If 0 is the angle made by the the
line with positive X-axis then tan 0
is slope of line.
Slope is also called the gradient of
the line and it is denoted by “m”.
m = tan 0

E.g. :-1] If 0 = 30°

Slope (m)= tan30°
=1√3
2] 0 = 60°
Slope (m) = tan
60°
=√3

● If the given line is passing through two given

points A(x1,y1) and (x2, y2) then

Slope of Line (m)=

 E.g. :- 1] Find the slope of line
passing through points (-1, -2) and (
-3, 8).
Ans. :- Considere, (x1, y1)= (-1, -2)
(x2,
y2) = (-3, 8)

m = 8-(-2)/ (-3)-(-1)
m = 8+2/(-3)+1
m = 10/(-2)
m = -5

∆Slope of line (m)= -5

2]. Find the slope of line passing

through points
(-1, 4) and (-5, 8).
Ans :- Considere, , (x1, y1)=(-1,4)

(x2, y2)= (-5,8)

m= y2-y1/x2-x1
m= (8-4)/(-5)-(-1)
m= 4/(-5)+1
m = 4/(-4)
m = -1
 ∆Slope of line (m)= -1

3] Find k if the slope of a passing

through the point (2,5) and (k,3) is
2.
Ans:- Considere, (x1, y1)=(2,5)

(x2, y2)= (k,3)

Slope
of line (m)=2

m= y2-y1/x2-x1
2= (3-5)/(k-2)
2= (-2)/ (k-2)
2(k-2)= -2
2k-4=-2
2k=-2+4
2k = 2
k = 2/2

∆K=1
● If general equation of a line ax + by + c = 0
is given then it's slope
m = -a / b

Eg :- 1) If x + 3y = 6, then find slope m.

Ans :- Given, x + 3y = 6
x + 3y - 6 = 0
≈ax + by + c = 0

It's slope m = -a/b

m = (-1/3)

2) 2x + 3y = 13 and 2x - 5y + 7= 0 then find

slope of line.
Ans :- Given, 2x + 3y = 13........(1steqn)
2x - 5y + 7 = 0.......(2ndeqn)

As , 2x + 3y = 13
2x + 3y -13 = 0
≈ax + by + c = 0
It's slope m= -a/b = (-2/3)

As,. 2x - 5y + 7 =0
≈ ax + by + c = 0
It's slope m = -a/ b
=(-2/-5)
m = (2/5)
  Intercepts Of A Line
Consider a line ‘L’
intersecting x-axis in A point
and y-axis in point B as shown
in the figure below.
Let l(OA) = a
Co-ordintes of point A are
(a,0)
The x co-ordinate of point A
called x- intercept of a line.
Similarly ,
Let l (OB) = b
Co-ordinates of point B are
(0,b).
The y co-ordinate of point B is
called y-intercept of a line.
The x-intercept or y-intercept
of a line can be positive ,
negative or zero depending on
the co-ordinates of the point
where the line meets the
respective axis.
It is obvious that
 i. x-intercept of a line could
be obtained by putting y=0
in the equation of a line.
ii. y-intercept of a line could
be obtained by putting x=0
in the equation of a line.
iii. The portion AB of a line is
called the intercept of the
line between co-ordinates
axes.
It is obtained from the
relation ,
OA2 + OB2 = AB2 .
AB2 = a2 + b2

Examples :-

*Find intercepts of a line 2x + 3y = 6

on co-ordinates axes. Also find slope

of line.

Solution = The given line is 2x +3y =

6 ……(1)
 i. To find x-intercept of a line ,

put y = 0 in the equation of a

line.

2x + 3 (0) = 6

2x = 6

x = 3

x – intercept = 3 units

ii. To find y-intercept of a line ,

put x = 0 in the equation of a

line .

2 (0) + 3y = 6

3y = 6

y = 2

y-intercept = 2 units

iii. Slope of a line 2x + 3y = 6 is

m = −𝒂 = −𝟐
𝒃 𝟑
m = - 𝟐.
𝟑
 NOTE :
Equation of x-axis :

= The equation of x-axis is y = 0.

Equation of y-aixs :

=The equation of y-axis is x = 0.

  Standard Forms Of Equation Of
Straight Lines :
1) Slope-point form :- Equation of line having slope
‘m’ and passing through a point A(x1 ,y1) is =
y - y1 = m (x-x1)

2) Slope-intercept form :- The equation of a line

with slope m and whose y intercept ‘c’ is =
y = mx + c

3) Two point – intercept form :- The equation of a

line making intercepts a and b on x-axis and y-
axis respectively is =
𝒙 𝒚
+ = 1
𝒂 𝒃

4) Two point form :- The equation of line passing

through the point A(x1 , y1) and B(x2,y2) is
given by =
𝒚−𝒚𝟏 𝒙−𝒙𝟏
=
𝒚𝟏−𝒚𝟐 𝒙𝟏−𝒙𝟐

5) General form :- The general equation of straight

line is Ax+By+C=0 where A,B and C
are real numbers such that A and B are not equal
to zero. We can exprees Ax+By+C=0 in slope-
intercept form as
𝑨 𝑪
y = - x -
𝑩 𝑩
−𝑨 −𝑪 −𝑪
Slope = , y-intercept = , x-intercept =
𝑩 𝑩 𝑨

SOLVED EXAMPLES:

1) Find the slope of a line through points (- 1, - 2)

and (- 3, 8).
Solution : Let the given points A(- 1, - 2) = A(x1, y1)
and B(- 3, 8) = B(x2, y2)
𝒚𝟐−𝒚𝟏
Slope of AB =
𝒙𝟐−𝒙𝟏
𝟖−(−𝟐)
m=
−𝟑−(−𝟏)
𝟏𝟎
=
−𝟐
Slope = m = - 5

2) Find the slope of line whose inclination is

60*.

Solution : Given : 0 = 60*

We know that Slope of line whose inclination is 0
is
m = tan 0
m = tan 60*
m = √3

3) Find the equation of line passing through (3,

𝟑
- 4) and having slope .
𝟐

𝟑
Solution : Given Slope = (m) =
𝟐
and (x1, y1) = (3, - 4)
By using equation of line in slope-point form.
y - y1 = m(x - x1)
𝟑
y -(- 4) = ( x - 3)
𝟐
2(y + 4) = 3(x - 3)
2y + 8 = 3x - 9
3x - 2y - 9 - 8 = 0
3x - 2y - 17 = 0

4) Find the equation of straight line passes

through the points (3, 5) and (4, 6).

Solution : Equation of line is,

 𝒚−𝒚𝟏 𝒙−𝒙𝟏
=
𝒚𝟏−𝒚𝟐 𝒙𝟏−𝒙𝟐

𝒚−𝟓 𝒙−𝟑
=
𝟓−𝟔 𝟑−𝟒

𝒚−𝟓 𝒙−𝟑
=
−𝟏 −𝟏

x – y + 2 = 0

5) Find the equation of the line whose x-

intercept is 3 and y intercept is
4.

Solution : Given x-intercept = a = 3

y-intercept = b = 4

By using equation of line in two intercept form.

𝒙 𝒚
+ = 1
𝒂 𝒃

𝒙 𝒚
+ = 1
𝟑 𝟒

𝟒𝒙+𝟑𝒚
= 1
𝟏𝟐

4x + 3y = 12
4x + 3y - 12 = 0

𝒙
6) Find slope and intercepts of the line -
𝟒
𝒚
= 2
𝟑

Solution: Given equation of line is

𝒙 𝒚
- = 2
𝟒 𝟑

𝟑𝒙−𝟒𝒚
= 2
𝟏𝟐
 3x - 4y = 24
3x - 4y - 24 = 0
−𝑨 −𝟑 𝟑
Slope = m = = =
𝑩 −𝟒 𝟒

−𝑪 − (−𝟐𝟒) 𝟐𝟒
x-intercept = = = = 8
𝑨 𝟑 𝟑

−𝑪 −(−𝟐𝟒) −𝟐𝟒
y-intercept = = = = - 6
𝑩 −𝟒 𝟒

Angle between two straight lines:-

If m1 and m2 are slope of two line such a

that m1 × m2 ≠ -1 , then the angle between
the two lines is given by

tan 0 =

Eg.:- 1) Find the angle between the lines

2y+x=1 and x +3y= 6
Ans:- let , L1 = 2y+x=1
= x+2y-1=0
≈ ax + by + c = 0
It's slope m1 = -a/b = -1/2
And L2 == x + 3y=6
= x + 3y - 6 = 0
 ≈ax + by + c = 0
It's slope m2 = -a/b = -1/3

Let 0 be the angle between two lines

tan 0 =

|
= (-1/2) - (-1/3)/ 1+(-1/2)(-1/3) |
=| -3+2/6 / 6+1/6 |
= | -1 /7 |
tan 0 = ( 1/7 )

O = tan-1 (1/7)

2) Find the angle between the lines 2x-3y+7

= 0 and 7x+4y-9 = 0.

Ans. :-. Comparing the equation with equation

of straight line, y = mx + c,

Slope of line 2x-3y+7=0 is (m1) = 2/3

Slope of line 7x+4y-9=0 is (m2) = -7/4

Let, Ø be the angle between two lines, then

3)Find the equation of line through point

(3,2) and making angle 45° with the line x-
2y = 3.

Ans :- Let m be the slope of the required

line passing through (3,2). So, using slope
point form, its equation is

y-2 = m(x-3) ——— (i)

Slope of line x-2y = 3 is 1/2.

Since, these lines make an angle of 45° so,

Substituting values of m in equation (i), we
get

y-2 = 3(x-3) and y-2 = -(x-3)/3

or, 3x-y-7 = 0 and x+3y-9 = 0 are the

required equations of line.

4) If P (2, -1), Q (5, 3) and R (-2, 6) are three

points, find the angle between the straight
lines PQ and QR.

Ans :-The slope of PQ is given by

 m = ( y2 – y1 ) / (x2 – x1)

m =( 3 – (- 1) ) / (5 – 2 ))

m= 4/3

Therefore, m1=4/3

The slope of QR is given by

m= (6 - 3 ) / (−2−5)

m= 3/-7

Therefore, m2 = 3/-7

Substituting the values of m2 and m1 in the

formula for the angle between two lines we
get,

tan θ = ± (m2 – m1 ) / (1- m1 m2)

tan θ = ± (3/-7) – (4/3) ) / (1- (3/-7)(4/3))

tan θ = ± (37/33)
 Therefore, θ = tan -1 (37 / 33)

Thank You...