CIRCLES

Objectives
1. Illustrate circle and its parts (center,
diameter, radius, chord, secant line, tangent
line, arcs and angles).
2. Describe the relationship between central
angles and arcs of a circle and its degree
measures.
3. Find the degree measure of arcs and
central angle of a circle using algebraic
solutions.
 Circles

A circle is the set of all points in a plane that are

at a given distance from a given point. The given
point P is called the center of the circle and the
given distance is called the radius of the circle.

P
Center
 Chord

A chord of a circle is a segment whose end points

lie on the circle.

chord

C
D
 Diameter
A diameter is a line segment that connects
two points on the circle and goes through the
centre of the circle.

diameter

A P
B
 Arc

An arc is part of a circle connecting two

points of the circle.

Arc
P
B
TANGENT AND SECANT
A secant of a circle is a line that intersects
the circle at two distinct points.
 A tangent of a circle is a line that
intersects a circle at exactly one point.

D
C

A
Concepts on circle
Chord

C
D Diameter

P
A B

Arc Q Center

Radius
 Identify the following parts of the circle.

D
1. DC • chord
C
2. AB • radius
• diameter A B
3. AC
4. line E • tangent E
5. DC • secant
Note: The following are possible answers.
radius diameter chord midpoint secant tangent
Types of Angles

•Central angle

- the vertex is on the center.

•Inscribed angle

- the vertex is on the circle.

Measure of Arcs & Angles
In a circle, the measure of the central angle
is always equal to the measure of its
intercepted arc.
x=n
m ∠ ABC = m AC n°
C
 If ∠ ABC is 80°, A
what is the x°
measure of arc
AC? B°
m AC = 80°
∠𝑅𝑄𝑇 = 5𝑥 + 5 ° 𝑎𝑛𝑑
∠𝑈𝑄𝑆 = 8𝑥 − 10 °