846 Chapter 7 Systems of Equations and Inequalities

7.5 58. Objective Function z = x + 4y

In Exercises 39–45, graph each inequality. Constraints 0 … x … 5, 0 … y … 7
b
1 x + y Ú 3
39. 3x - 4y 7 12 40. y … - x + 2
2
41. x 6 - 2 42. y Ú 3
43. x 2 + y 2 7 4 44. y … x 2 - 1 59. Objective Function z = 5x + 6y
Constraints x Ú 0, y Ú 0
45. y … 2x
y … x
In Exercises 46–55, graph the solution set of each system of d
2x + y … 12
inequalities or indicate that the system has no solution.
2x + 3y Ú 6
3x + 2y Ú 6 2x - y Ú 4
46. b 47. b
2x + y Ú 6 x + 2y 6 2 60. A paper manufacturing company converts wood pulp to writing
y 6 x x + y … 6 paper and newsprint. The profit on a unit of writing paper is
48. b 49. b
y … 2 y Ú 2x - 3 $500 and the profit on a unit of newsprint is $350.
0 … x … 3 2x + y 6 4 a. Let x represent the number of units of writing paper
50. b 51. b produced daily. Let y represent the number of units of
y 7 2 2x + y 7 6
newsprint produced daily. Write the objective function
x 2 + y 2 … 16 x2 + y2 … 9 that models total daily profit.
52. b 53. b
x + y 6 2 y 6 - 3x + 1 b. The manufacturer is bound by the following constraints:
y 7 x2 y Ú 0 • Equipment in the factory allows for making at most 200
54. c x + y 6 6 55. c 3x + 2y Ú 4 units of paper (writing paper and newsprint) in a day.
y 6 x + 6 x - y … 3 • Regular customers require at least 10 units of writing
paper and at least 80 units of newsprint daily.
7.6 Write a system of inequalities that models these constraints.
56. Find the value of the objective function z = 2x + 3y at each c. Graph the inequalities in part (b). Use only the first quadrant,
corner of the graphed region shown. What is the maximum because x and y must both be positive. (Suggestion: Let
value of the objective function? What is the minimum value of each unit along the x@ and y@axes represent 20.)
the objective function? d. Evaluate the objective function at each of the three
vertices of the graphed region.
y
e. Complete the missing portions of this statement: The
company will make the greatest profit by producing
units of writing paper and units of newsprint
each day. The maximum daily profit is $ .
61. A manufacturer of lightweight tents makes two models whose
specifications are given in the following table:
(2, 2)

(q, q) (4, 0) Cutting Time Assembly Time

x per Tent per Tent
(1, 0)
Model A 0.9 hour 0.8 hour
In Exercises 57–59, graph the region determined by the constraints. Model B 1.8 hours 1.2 hours
Then find the maximum value of the given objective function,
subject to the constraints. On a monthly basis, the manufacturer has no more than
57. Objective Function z = 2x + 3y 864 hours of labor available in the cutting department and at
Constraints most 672 hours in the assembly division. The profits come to
x Ú 0, y Ú 0
$25 per tent for model A and $40 per tent for model B. How
c x + y … 8
many of each should be manufactured monthly to maximize the
3x + 2y Ú 6 profit?

CHAPTER 7 TEST
In Exercises 1–5, solve the system.
x = y + 4 2x + 5y = -2 2x 2 - 5y 2 = - 2
1. b 2. b 5. b
3x + 7y = -18 3x - 4y = 20 3x 2 + 2y 2 = 35
x
x + y + z = 6 6. Find the partial fraction decomposition for .
x 2 + y 2 = 25 (x + 1)(x 2 + 9)
3. c 3x + 4y - 7z = 1 4. b
x + y = 1
2x - y + 3z = 5
 Summary, Review, and Test 847

In Exercises 7–10, graph the solution set of each inequality or
system of inequalities.
x Ú 0, y Ú 0
7. x - 2y 6 8 8. c 3x + y … 9
2x + 3y Ú 6
x2 + y2 7 1 y … 1 - x2
9. b 10. b
x2 + y2 6 4 x2 + y2 … 9
11. Find the maximum value of the objective function
z = 3x + 5y subject to the following constraints:
x Ú 0, y Ú 0, x + y … 6, x Ú 2.
12. Health experts agree that cholesterol intake should be
limited to 300 mg or less each day. Three ounces of shrimp
and 2 ounces of scallops contain 156 mg of cholesterol. Five
ounces of shrimp and 3 ounces of scallops contain 45 mg of
cholesterol less than the suggested maximum daily intake.
Determine the cholesterol content in an ounce of each
item.
13. A company is planning to produce and sell a new line of
computers. The fixed cost will be $360,000 and it will cost
$850 to produce each computer. Each computer will be sold
for $1150.
a. Write the cost function, C, of producing x computers.
b. Write the revenue function, R, from the sale of x
computers.
c. Determine the break-even point. Describe what this
means.
14. A chemist needs to mix a 20% acid solution with a 50% acid
solution to obtain 60 ounces of a 30% acid solution. How
many ounces of each of the solutions must be used?
15. When a plane flies with the wind, it can travel 1600 kilometers
in 2 hours. When the plane flies in the opposite direction,
against the wind, it takes 3 hours to travel 1950 kilometers.
Find the average velocity of the plane in still air and the
average velocity of the wind.
16. Find the quadratic function whose graph passes through the
points (- 1, - 2), (2, 1), and (- 2, 1).
17. The rectangular plot of land shown in the figure is to be
fenced along three sides using 39 feet of fencing. No fencing
is to be placed along the river’s edge. The area of the plot is
180 square feet. What are its dimensions?
x
x
y
18. A manufacturer makes two types of jet skis, regular and
deluxe. The profit on a regular jet ski is $200 and the profit
on the deluxe model is $250. To meet customer demand, the
company must manufacture at least 50 regular jet skis per
week and at least 75 deluxe models. To maintain high quality,
the total number of both models of jet skis manufactured by
the company should not exceed 150 per week. How many jet
skis of each type should be manufactured per week to obtain
maximum profit? What is the maximum weekly profit?

CUMULATIVE REVIEW EXERCISES (CHAPTERS P–7)

The figure shows the graph of y = f(x) and its two vertical In Exercises 11–21, solve each equation, inequality, or system of
asymptotes. Use the graph to solve Exercises 1–10. equations.

y
11. 2x 2 - 3x = 2x - 6 12. 4x 2 = 8x - 7

13. ` + 2` 6 4
4 x x + 5
14. 7 2
3 3 x - 1
2 y = f(x)
15. 2x 3 + x 2 - 13x + 6 = 0 16. 6x - 3(5x + 2) = 4(1 - x)
1
x 17. log(x + 3) + log x = 1 18. 3x + 2 = 11
−2 −1 −1 1 2
1 1
−2 3x - y = - 2
19. x 2 - 2x 4 - 15 = 0 20. b
−3 2x 2 - y = 0
−4
x + 2y + 3z = - 2
1. Find the domain and the range of f. 21. c 3x + 3y + 10z = - 2
2. Find the zeros. 2y - 5z = 6
3. What is the relative maximum and where does it occur?
In Exercises 22–28, graph each equation, function, or inequality
4. Find the interval(s) on which f is decreasing. in a rectangular coordinate system. If two functions are indicated,
5. Is f(-0.7) positive or negative? graph both in the same system.
6. Find (f ⴰ f)(- 1). 22. f(x) = (x + 2)2 - 4 23. 2x - 3y … 6
7. Use arrow notation to complete this statement: x2 - x - 6
f(x) S - ⬁ as or as . 24. y = 3x - 2 25. f(x) =
x + 1
8. Does f appear to be even, odd, or neither? 26. f(x) = 2x - 4 and f -1 27. (x - 2)2 + (y - 4)2 7 9
9. Graph g(x) = f(x + 2) - 1.
10. Graph h(x) = 21 f 1 12 x 2 .
28. f(x) = 兩 x 兩 and g(x) = - 兩 x - 2 兩
848 Chapter 7 Systems of Equations and Inequalities

In Exercises 29–30, let f(x) = 2x 2 - x - 1 and g(x) = 1 - x. 34. The length of a rectangle is 1 meter more than twice the
width. If the rectangle’s area is 36 square meters, find its
29. Find (f ⴰ g)(x) and (g ⴰ f)(x).
dimensions.
f(x + h) - f(x) 35. What interest rate is required for an investment of $6000
30. Find and simplify. subject to continuous compounding to grow to $18,000 in
h
10 years?
In Exercises 36–37, verify each identity.
In Exercises 31–32, write the linear function in slope-intercept form
satisfying the given conditions. 36. sec u - cos u = tan u sin u
sin (x + y)
31. Graph of f passes through (2, 4) and (4, - 2). 37. tan x + tan y =
cos x cos y
32. Graph of g passes through (- 1, 0) and is perpendicular to the
In Exercises 38–39, solve each equation.
line whose equation is x + 3y - 6 = 0.
38. sin u = tan u, 0 … u 6 2p
33. You invested $4000 in two stocks paying 12% and 14%
annual interest. At the end of the year, the total interest from 39. 2 + cos 2u = 3 cos u, 0 … u 6 2p
these investments was $508. How much was invested at each
40. In oblique triangle ABC, A = 12⬚, B = 75⬚, and a = 20.
rate?
Find b to the nearest tenth.