Procedure:

1. Using a pair of scissors, cut the bottom out of the 2-liter plastic bottle.

FIRST QUARTER Activity No.21

2. Create two holes that are apart from each other in the cap of the plastic bottle

DRAFT
sure that each hole is just big enough for a straw to fit through.
If we have at least
3. Stick thethree recordingthrough
two straws stations that
the can
twotell how of
holes farthe
away
bottle cap.
from them the earthquake occurred, the epicenter can be determined using the
triangulation 4. PlaceItCircu-
one
uses balloon on the end of three
eachseismic
straw,stations
and secure them with rubber ba
Module 1: Tectonic Plates
Module 1: Respiratory
latory Systems Working
to locate
and
method.
the shownwith
distance information
Other
in the figure below.
earthquake epicenter. On a map,
from
circles are drawn around each
Organ Systemsseismic station. The radii of the circles are scaled to the estimated distance
Name from the station to the earthquake. The three
Date circles will intersect at one point

March
Find the Center31, 201
that locates the earthquake.
Grade/Section Remarks
The next activity
Cutwill
thisgive you aand
portion first-hand
submit experience on how to locate
to your teacher
earthquake epicenter.

Activity 1
Find
Figure the Center
3. The two straws with the balloons are inserted into the plastic bottle
FIRST QUARTER
Objective: || Module 1 || Activity No. 2 || Score:_________
Objective:
of an5.earthquake
Locate the epicenterLocate Stick
the theusing
epicenter balloon
of ends of thethe
the triangulation
an earthquake using straws
method. through
triangulation the bottle opening and screw t
method.
Materials:

Materials:
• hypothetical records
Bottled Balloons
tightly.
6. Stretch waves
of earthquake Bottled Balloons
out the larger balloon and place it over the open bottom of the bottle
• hypothetical records of earthquake waves
it with map
• Philippine map • Philippine the rubber band as tightly as possible. Refer to the diagram of the finis
: OBJECTIVES:
• drawing compass and ruler
model
• drawing below.and ruler
compass
• the
plain how Explain how the lungs work
lungs work Procedure:
Procedure:
• Describe how the movement of the diaphragm helps the air go
escribe how the movement of the1.diaphragm helps the air
in and out of the lungs. Study the data showing the go in andinout
difference the arrival time of P-wave
1.
the lungs Study the data showing the difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave on three seismic recording
and S-wave on three seismic recording stations.
stations.
MATERIALS: Time difference in the
1 two-liter empty plastic bottle arrival time of P-wave Distance of epicenter
Recording station
3 balloons (1 big, 2 small) and S-wave from the station (km)
r empty1 sturdy straw 1 pair of scissors
plastic bottle 1 sturdy straw 1 pair of scissors
(seconds)
s (1 big,5 rubber bands
2 small) 5 rubber bands
Batangas 44.8
Puerto Princesa 32
: PROCEDURE: Davao 38.4
2. Compute the distance of the
1. Using a pair of scissors, cut the bottom out of the 2-liter plastic Figure 4. A from
epicenter constructed
each of model of the human chest cavity
the stations
f scissors, bottle.
cut the bottom out of theusing 2-liter
thisplastic
formula:bottle.
oles that2. Create two holes that are apart from each other in the cap of the
are apart from each other in the cap of the plastic bottle. GUIDEMakeQUESTIONS:

DRAFT
Td
ole is just big enough for a strawd to = fit through. x 100 km
plastic bottle. Make sure that each hole is just big enough for a
8 seconds Q4. What does each part of the constructed lung model represent?
straw to fit through.
straws through the two holes of the bottle cap. _________________________________________________
3. Stick the two straws through the two holes of the bottle cap.
Where: d = distance (km) rubber bands, _________________________________________________
loon on the end of each straw, and secure them with as
4. Place one balloon on the end of each straw, and secure them with
Td = time difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave
________________________________________________.
ure below. rubber bands, as shown in the figure below.(seconds) Q5. What happens as you pull down the balloon at the bottom of
This formula is suited because 8 seconds is the interval between the
the model?

rch 31, 2014

This formula istimes suited because
of arrival 8 seconds
of the is the
P-wave and interval
S-wa abetween the100
times
km. of arrival of the P-wave and
ve at _________________________________________________
distance of
S-wave at a distance of 100 km. _________________________________________________
8 ________________________________________________.
3. Choose one of the recording stations and measure the computed distance on the map scale (the scale of the
map in Figure 3 is 1.5 cm: 200 km). Set your compass Q6. What happens as you push up the balloon?
for that computed distance.
4. Center your compass on the station you have chosen. Draw a circle.
_________________________________________________
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the rest of the stations. You should get three circles that intersect or nearly intersect at
_________________________________________________
3. The two Figure
straws with
3. The twothe balloons
strws are inserted
with the baloons into
are inserted into the plastic bottle
the plastic Q1. cap.
Where is the epicenter of this hypothetical earthquake?
a point.
bottle cap. This intersection is the epicenter. ________________________________________________.
Q2. What difficulty will you encounter if you only have data from two
Q7. How does the movement of the diaphragm cause the air to go
oon ends of the straws through the bottle opening and screw the
5. Stick the balloon ends of the straws through the bottle opening lid onstations?
Guide Questions: formula stated in the procedure. But, if the earthquake
recording
in and out of the lungs?
and screw the lid on tightly.
Q1. Where is the epicenter of this hypothetical took place at a activity,
far greater distance,earthquake
seismologists
_________________________________________________
In the previous the hypothetical happeneduse locally,
e larger6. Stretch out the larger balloon and place it over the open bottom of
balloon and place it over the open bottom of thethatbottle. Secure
_________________________________________________
earthquake? the
is whydistance-time graph
we use the formula similar
stated in theto the figure
procedure. But,below in
if the earthquake
er band as the bottle. Secure it with the rubber band as tightly as possible.
tightly as possible. Refer to the diagram of the tookfinished
place lung
________________________.
at a far greater distance, seismologists use the distance-time graph
________________________________________
Refer to the diagram of the finished lung model below. determining
similar to the figure the
belowlocation of thethe
in determining
Q8. What might happen if you prick the balloon?
epicenter.
location of the epicenter.
________________________________________
5. Pull the larger balloon down; that is, away from the bottle, in _________________________________________________
________________________________________
order to blow up the two small balloons. _________________________________________________
6. Push the larger balloon towards the bottle in order to let the air
_______________________________________. ________________________.
out of the two small balloons.
Q2. What difficulty will you encounter if you only
7. Write down your observations.
have data from two recording stations?
Time (minutes)

________________________________________
KEY CONCEPTS
When you breathe in, or inhale, the diaphragm muscle contracts. Inhaling moves the diaphragm down and expands
________________________________________
the________________________________________
chest cavity. Simultaneously, the ribs move up and increase the size of the chest cavity. There is now more space and less
air pressure inside the lungs. Air pushes in from the outside where there is a higher air pressure. It pushes into the lungs where
_______________________________________.
there is a lower air pressure. When you breathe out, or exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes. The diaphragm and ribs return
to their
Inoriginal
the place. The chest
previous cavity returns
activity, to its original size. There is now less space and greater air pressure inside the
the hypothetical
lungs. It pushes the air outside where there is lower air pressure.
earthquake
Figure happenedmodel
4. A constructed locally,of that is whychest
the human we use the
cavity
Distance (km) from Epicenter

http://stream2.cma.gov.cn/pub/comet/Environment/TsunamiWarningSystems/comet/tsunami/
warningsystem/print.htm
Figure 4. Distance-time graph
 took place at a far greater distance, seismologists use the distance-time grap
similar to the figure below in determining the location of the epicenter.
0 100 200 km
0 100 200 mi
Luzon
-- 20 Strait 20 --

South
China
Sea
Philippine

Time (minutes)
-- 16 Sea 16 --

Batangas

-- 12 12 --

Puerto
Princesa Distance (km) from Epicenter
Q3. What is the distance of the epicenter from the seismic station?
http://stream2.cma.gov.cn/pub/comet/Environment/TsunamiWarningSystems/comet/tsunam
-- 9 Sulu Sea 9 -- ______________________________________________________________
warningsystem/print.htm
Davao ____________________________________________________________.
Q4. What do you think Figure
is the4.importance
Distance-time graph
of determining the epicenterof an
earthquake?
______________________________________________________________
The distance-time graph above shows that the S-P interval is about
______________________________________________________________ 1
minutes. ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
-- 4 4 --
Celebes ______________________________________________________________
Sea Q3. What is the distance of the epicenter from the seismic station?
_____________________________________________________________.

Figure 3 is 1.5 cm: 200 km

Q4. What do you think is the importance of determining the epicenter