8.

2 NOMENCLATURE OF ALKANES, ALKENES, ALKYNES

8.2a PRACTICE EXERCISE

Name the following hydrocarbons: (Item #1 is answered as an example)

2-methyl-pen-2-ene 2-methyl-4-octyne

4,5-diethyl-3-methylyoctane 1-ethyl-4- 4-ethyl-3-

methylcyclohexane methylcyclohex-1-ene

8.4 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBONS

8.4a PRACTICE EXERCISES

1. Consider propane (C3H8) and decane (C10H22):

a. Which is soluble in water? Propane (C3H8)

b. Which has lower boiling point? Propane (C3H8)
c. Which has higher boiling point? Decane (C10H22)
d. Which has lower melting point? Propane (C3H8)
e. Which has higher melting point? Decane (C10H22)

2. Vaseline, a complex mixture of hydrocarbons is used as a skin lubricant and

ointment. Explain why Vaseline is insoluble in water but soluble in
dichloromethane, CH2Cl2.
- Water is a polar substance while Vaseline is nonpolar. Nonpolar compounds are
insoluble in water because if as the saying goes “like dissolves like”. Water and
Vaseline both have opposite polarity. Therefore, Vaseline is insoluble in water. On
the other hand, Vaseline is soluble in dichloromethane (CH 2Cl2) because both are
polar and like dissolves like.

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 8.5 REACTION OF HYDROCARBONS

8.5a PRACTICE EXERCISE (Collaborative Work)

Predict the product of the following reactions:

A. Complete combustion of cyclopentane

2 C5H10 + 15 O2 10 CO2 + 10 H2O + Energy

B-E. Predict the products of the following reactions (hint: the aromatic ring is unreactive
in all cases).

OH

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