E Eng-Calculations

Hydrodynamic calculation butterfly valve

lenticular disc s/D=0.16

Qair
α
Qmax
D

+M H
+F x
Φ
+F y
+F

0.3D

0.5D

+F +F bx
by

Butterfly valve (lenticular disc)

Values for calculation

Valve diameter

D 1800 mm

Dimension S

S 288 mm

Dimension R
 R 3353.4 mm

Flow

Qmax 20 3
m /s

Rated net head

H 120 m

Gravitational acceleration

g 9.81 m/s
2

The water temperature

T 25 °C

Density

ρ 997.5 kg/m
3

Saturated vapor pressure

PT 3169.7 Pa

Water hammer

ΔP 10 m

Valve axis position to sea level

h 360 m

Air density

ρ
air 1.183 kg/m
3

Atmospheric pressure

pa 97073.2 Pa

Aeration

n yes

Closing time
 t 30 s

Pipe length behind valve

L 20 m

Loss coefficient

ζ 0.0919

Calculation
Velocity in valve
6 6
4 ⋅ 10 ⋅ Qmax 4 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 20
vmax = = = 7.86m/s
2 2
π ⋅ D π ⋅ 1800

Theoretical pressure in the valve at full opening

2 2
vmax 7.86
Δh = ⋅ (ζ + 1) = ⋅ (0.0919 + 1) = 3.438m
2 ⋅ g 2 ⋅ 9.81

Pressure parameter
Δh 3.438
p = = = 0.02865
H 120

Effective closing time factor

cef = 0.3681

Under-pressure behind the valve

L ⋅ vmax 20 ⋅ 7.86
Pu = max (− , −9.92) = max (− , −9.92) = −1.451m
g ⋅ t ⋅ cef 9.81 ⋅ 30 ⋅ 0.3681

Requirements
0 < p ≤ 1 → 0 < 0.02865 ≤ 1

Does suit.
 Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient
of of of of
Angle hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic
from force on a force on a force on force on Hydraulic
open Flow disc in the disc in the body in body in torque
position coefficient axis x axis y the axis x the axis y coefficient

α KQ Kx Ky Kbx Kby Km

0 0.957 0.056 0 0.257 0 0

5 0.76 0.066 0.096 0.222 0.177 0.017

10 0.621 0.076 0.191 0.188 0.355 0.035

15 0.524 0.086 0.287 0.153 0.532 0.052

20 0.496 0.159 0.373 0.22 0.43 0.072

25 0.468 0.238 0.458 0.286 0.328 0.066

30 0.42 0.354 0.523 0.386 0.347 0.062

35 0.371 0.471 0.588 0.487 0.366 0.057

40 0.323 0.587 0.653 0.587 0.385 0.053

45 0.296 0.629 0.59 0.611 0.322 0.045

50 0.268 0.671 0.526 0.634 0.258 0.036

55 0.241 0.713 0.463 0.658 0.195 0.028

60 0.213 0.755 0.399 0.681 0.131 0.019

65 0.157 0.796 0.333 0.734 0.109 0.016

70 0.118 0.837 0.266 0.787 0.087 0.013

75 0.079 0.878 0.2 0.841 0.066 0.01

80 0.049 0.918 0.133 0.894 0.044 0.006

85 0.023 0.959 0.067 0.947 0.022 0.003

90 0 1 0 1 0 0
 -●-K x [−]

-●-K y [−]

-●-K bx [−]

-●-K by [−]

α[°]

Coefficient of force
 -●-K Q [−]

α[°]

Flow coefficient
 -●-K m [−]

α[°]

Hydraulic torque coefficient

 Angle
Angle between pipe Reduced free Flow of Water
from axis and flow area in the water velocity
open Loss hydraulic throttle control Relative in the in
position coefficient force system flow pipeline pipeline

α ζ ϕ fr Qp Q v

3
° ° m /s m/s

0 0.0919 0 1 1 20 7.86

5 0.731 55.5 0.794 0.992 19.83 7.79

10 1.593 68.3 0.649 0.981 19.62 7.71

15 2.642 73.3 0.548 0.968 19.36 7.61

20 3.065 66.9 0.518 0.963 19.26 7.57

25 3.566 62.5 0.489 0.957 19.15 7.52

30 4.669 55.9 0.4389 0.945 18.9 7.43

35 6.27 51.3 0.3877 0.928 18.55 7.29

40 8.59 48.05 0.3375 0.904 18.09 7.11

45 10.41 43.17 0.3093 0.887 17.74 6.97

50 12.92 38.09 0.28 0.865 17.3 6.8

55 16.22 33 0.2518 0.838 16.77 6.59

60 21.04 27.86 0.2226 0.803 16.07 6.31

65 39.57 22.7 0.1641 0.701 14.02 5.51

70 70.8 17.63 0.1233 0.592 11.84 4.651

75 159.2 12.83 0.0825 0.4396 8.79 3.455

80 415.5 8.24 0.0512 0.2899 5.8 2.278

85 1889.4 3.996 0.02403 0.1406 2.812 1.105

90 1.0E+200 0 0 0 0 0
 -●-ζ[−]

α[°]

Loss coefficient

2
1 − K
Q
ζ =
2
K
Q
 -●-ϕ[°]

α[°]

Angle between pipe axis and hydraulic force

Ky
−1
ϕ = tan ( )
Kx
 -●-f r [−]

-●-Q p [−]

α[°]

Coefficients

KQ
fr =
KQmax

fr
Qp =
2
√p + fr ⋅ (1 − p)
 -●-Q[m 3
/s]

-●-v[m/s]

α[°]

Flow and speed of water in the pipeline

Q = Qp ⋅ Qmax

v = Qp ⋅ vmax
Angle from open Loss of pressure on the Pressure on the Cavitation
position valve valve number

α HL Hv σ

° m m

0 0.2893 3.438 37.61

5 2.264 5.46 23.34

10 4.826 8.07 15.45

15 7.8 11.11 10.96

20 8.95 12.29 9.81

25 10.29 13.66 8.73

30 13.12 16.57 7.03

35 16.98 20.51 5.49

40 22.1 25.77 4.171

45 25.8 29.57 3.51

50 30.44 34.34 2.887

55 35.88 39.94 2.346

60 42.75 47.03 1.846

65 61.2 66.2 1.034

70 78.1 83.9 0.614

75 96.9 103.9 0.315

80 109.9 118.3 0.1661

85 117.6 127.5 0.0938

90 120 131.5 0.073

 -●-H L [m]

-●-H v [m]

α[°]

Loss of height on valve and pressure height on Butterfly valve

2
v
HL = ⋅ ζ
2 ⋅ g

2
v
Hv = HL + + (1 − Qp ) ⋅ (ΔP − Pu )
2 ⋅ g
 -●-σ[−]

α[°]

Cavitation number

pa − P T
+ H − HL
ρ ⋅ g
σ =
Hv
 Forces on Forces on Forces The force at The force at
Angle from disc in axis disc in axis on the valve axis the valve axis
open position x y disc x y

α Fx Fy F Fbx Fby

° kN kN kN kN kN

0 4.794 0 4.794 22 0

5 8.97 13.04 15.83 30.16 24.05

10 15.28 38.4 41.33 37.8 71.4

15 23.8 79.4 82.9 42.34 147.2

20 48.68 114.2 124.1 67.3 131.6

25 81 155.8 175.6 97.3 111.6

30 146 215.7 260.5 159.2 143.1

35 240.6 300.4 384.8 248.8 187

40 376.8 419.1 563.6 376.8 247.1

45 463.2 434.4 635 449.9 237.1

50 573.8 449.8 729.1 542.2 220.6

55 709.2 460.5 845.6 654.5 194

60 884.3 467.3 1000.2 797.6 153.4

65 1311.6 548.7 1421.7 1209.4 179.6

70 1747.8 555.5 1833.9 1643.4 181.7

75 2271.5 517.4 2329.7 2175.8 170.8

80 2705.1 391.9 2733.4 2634.4 129.7

85 3045.7 212.8 3053.1 3007.5 69.9

90 3273.4 0 3273.4 3273.4 0

 -●-F x [kN]

-●-F y [kN]

-●-F [kN]

α[°]

Forces on the disc

2
π ⋅ D
Fx = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K x
9
4 ⋅ 10

2
π ⋅ D
Fy = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K y
9
4 ⋅ 10

2 2
F = √Fx + Fy
 -●-F bx [kN]

α[°]

The force at the valve axis x

2
π ⋅ D
Fbx = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ Kbx
9
4 ⋅ 10
 -●-F by [kN]

α[°]

The force at the valve axis y

2
π ⋅ D
Fby = ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ Kby
9
4 ⋅ 10
Angle from open position Hydraulic torque without eccentricity Hydraulic torque

α M MH

° kNm kNm

0 0 0

5 5.29 5.29

10 16.13 16.13

15 32.98 32.98

20 50.5 50.5

25 51.5 51.5

30 58.6 58.6

35 66.7 66.7

40 78 78

45 75.9 75.9

50 70.6 70.6

55 63.8 63.8

60 51 51

65 60.4 60.4

70 62.2 62.2

75 59.3 59.3

80 40.52 40.52

85 21.84 21.84

90 0 0
 -●-M [kNm]

α[°]

Hydraulic torque without eccentricity

3
D ⋅ ρ ⋅ g ⋅ Hv ⋅ K m
M =
12
10
-●-M H [kNm]

α[°]

Hydraulic torque

MH = M
Angle from open Coefficient of under-pressure Under-pressure in the Air
position of aerated hole aerated pipeline flow

α fair pair Qair

3
° Pa m /s

0 0 0 0

5 0.986 -3163.2 0.1657

10 1.972 -6230.3 0.3826

15 2.958 -9159.9 0.637

20 3.953 -12040 0.737

25 4.948 -14847.8 0.854

30 21.3 -60500.7 1.103

35 37.65 -97073.2 1.446

40 54 -97073.2 1.914

45 70.3 -97073.2 2.258

50 89.7 -97073.2 2.701

55 103.1 -97073.2 3.235

60 119.4 -97073.2 3.213

65 135.8 -97073.2 2.803

70 152.1 -97073.2 2.367

75 168.5 -97073.2 1.758

80 184.8 -58860.5 1.16

85 201.2 -24695.9 0.562

90 217.5 -14199.8 0
 -●-f air [−]

α[°]

Coefficient of under-pressure of aerated hole

 -●-p air [Pa]

α[°]

Under-pressure in the aerated pipeline

2
vmax L ⋅ vmax ⋅ ρ
pair = − min (pa , fair ⋅ ⋅ ρ + (1 − Qp ) ⋅ min ( , pa ))
2 ⋅ g t ⋅ cef
 -●-Q air [m
3
/s]

α[°]

Air flow

pa
if P u <
2

Qair = min (Qmax − Q, 0.2 ⋅ Q)

else

Qair = max (Qmax − Q, 0.2 ⋅ Q)

Angle from open Air The flow area of the The flow area of the
position velocity aerated hole aerated pipeline

α vair Aair Aair−pipe

2 2
° m/s m m

0 0 0 0

5 51.2 0.003237 0.003314

10 71.8 0.00533 0.00765

15 87.1 0.00732 0.01275

20 99.9 0.00738 0.01474

25 110.9 0.0077 0.01707

30 223.9 0.004925 0.02205

35 250 0.00578 0.02892

40 250 0.00766 0.03828

45 250 0.00903 0.04517

50 250 0.0108 0.054

55 250 0.01294 0.0647

60 250 0.01285 0.0643

65 250 0.01121 0.0561

70 250 0.00947 0.04734

75 250 0.00703 0.03517

80 220.8 0.00525 0.02319

85 143 0.003933 0.01125

90 108.4 0 0
 -●-v air [m/s]

α[°]

Air velocity

2 ⋅ pair
vair = min (0.7 ⋅ √− , 250)
ρ
air
 -●-A air [m
2
]

α[°]

The flow area of the aerated hole

Qair
Aair =
vair
 -●-A air−pipe [m
2
]

α[°]

The flow area of the aerated pipeline

if v air > 50

Qair
Aair−pipe =
50

else

Aair−pipe = Aair