SALT ANALYSIS - 1

Expt. No: 3 Date: _____

AIM: To detect the presence of cation and anion present in the given salt.
I. PRILIMINARY OBSERVATION
(i) Colour : White
(ii) Structure : Crystalline
(iii) Solubility: Soluble in water.
II. DRY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL

1. Action of Heating:

Experiment Observation Inference

A pinch of salt was taken in Salt fused, swelled up May be salt of Al3+,
a clean, dry test tube and it and leaves white Zn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+,
was heated over Bunsen infusible residue on Sr2+.
burner. heating.

2. Charcoal Cavity Test:

Experiment Observation Inference

A small amount of salt was The salt melted and May be Al3+, Zn 2+,
taken in a cavity on a finally a white infusible Mg 2+, Ca2+, Ba2+,
charcoal block and heated residue was obtained. Sr2+.
with a blow pipe.

3. Cobalt Nitrate Test:

Experiment Observation Inference

A drop of cobalt nitrate A blue coloured residue Maybe Al3+ salt
solution was added to the was obtained.
residue left in the charcoal
cavity and then heated
again with blow pipe.
III. DRY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL:

1. Action of Dilute Sulphuric Acid:

Experiment Observation Inference

A pinch of salt was taken in No effervescence took Absence of CO32–,
a dry test tube and then few place. SO32–, S2–, NO2–.
drops of dilute sulphuric
acid was added to it.

2. Action of Concentrated Sulphuric Acid:

Experiment Observation Inference

A pinch of salt was taken in No effervescence took Absence of Cl–, Br–, I–,
a dry test tube and few place. CH3COO– and C2O42–.
drops of conc. Sulphuric
acid was added to it.

3. Copper Turning Test:

Experiment Observation Inference

A pinch of salt was taken in No brown vapours was NO3– was absent.
a test tube. Few drops of observed
concentrated sulphuric and
then few pieces of copper
turnings were added to it.

IV. WET TEST FOR ACID RADICAL:

1. Test for Sulphate (SO42–) Ion:

Experiment Observation Inference
1 cc of the salt solution was A white precipitate was Presence of SO42– was
acidified with dilute HCl obtained. confirmed.
and then BaCl2 solution was
added to it.
V. GROUP SEPARATION:
Test for Group-I:
Experiment Observation Inference
To 1 cc of salt solution little No precipitate was Group I radicals were
amount of dilute HCl was formed. absent.
added.

Test for Group-II:

Experiment Observation Inference
To 1 cc of salt solution little No precipitate was Group II radicals were
amount of dilute HCl was formed. absent.
added and then H2S gas
passed through it.

Test for Group-III:

Experiment
To 1 cc of salt solution, a
pinch of NH4Cl was added
followed by few drops of
NH4OH solution.
Observation Inference
A gelatinous white Group III radicals
precipitate was formed. Fe 2+, Fe 3+, Al 3+,
Cr 3+ were present.

VI. WET TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL (ANALYSIS OF GROUP-III):

Experiment Observation Inference

To 1 cc of salt solution, a little A gelatinous white Al3+ was confirmed
amount of NaOH solution was precipitate was obtained,
added. which is soluble in
excess of reagent.

VII. REPORT: The given salt contains

Basic Radical: Al 3+
Acid Radical: SO42–
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