COLLEGE STUDENTS' PERCEPTION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ONLINE

PAYMENT SYSTEM IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CEBU LAPU-LAPU AND MANDAUE

A thesis presented to the Faculty of the

College of Business and Accountancy

University of Cebu, Lapu-lapu and Mandaue

Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines

______________________________________________________

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in Management Accounting

By:

Benaro, Marichu

Refuerzo, Vejeccris

Tan, Cara May

Valle, Chabelita

Yonzon, Jade

2021-2022

I
 APPROVAL SHEET

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of

Science in Financial Management, this research entitled "College Students'
Perception Of The Effectiveness Of The Online Payment System In The
University Of Cebu Lapu-Lapu And Mandaue." Prepared and submitted by
Marichu Benaro, Vejeccris Rufuerzo, Cara May Tan, Chabelita Valle, and Jade
Yonzon has been examined, accepted, and approved for ORAL DEFENSE.

RESEARCH COMMITTEE

Giovanni C. Roxas, DBA

Adviser

Lucilito A. Atillo, DM. CPA. Exequiel C. Cruspero,Jr., MBA,CPA

Member 1 Member 2

Ily E. Abella, DM
Chairman
Approved by the committee on Oral Defense with a grade of PASSED.

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Lucilito A. Atillo, DM. CPA Exequiel C. Cruspero, Jr., MBA,CPA

Member 1 Member 2

Ily E. Abella, DM
Chairman

II
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor of Science
in Business Administration major in Management Accounting.

Date of Oral Examination:

CONCEPCION Y. PANIMDIM, MSBA, CPA ILY E. ABELLA, DM

Research Instructor Dean, College of Business
and Accountancy

III
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The preparation of this research study would not have been possible without the
support, guidance, and endless effort. The researchers will wholeheartedly thank the
following people who supported them throughout this study:

To God the Father, who never abandoned them in doing this research, He gave
them continued strength and wisdom throughout this study. The researchers offer
everything to Him. To their respective families, who witness their sacrifices in achieving
this study and for their morale, motivation, and financial support.

To Concepcion Panimdim, MBA, their beloved Management Accounting Research

Study instructor, for her assistance and guidance in this whole study. The researchers
were grateful for her unwavering support for successful research.

To Ily E. Abella, D.M., Lucilito Ang Atillo, DBA, CPA, and Dr. Kingie Micabalo, their
statistician and panelists, for their precious time accompanying them in the study by
providing them with clear insights, thoughts, and recommendations for the study's
improvement.

To Giovanni C. Roxas, DBA, their research adviser, for helping and guiding them
throughout the Management Accounting Research study.

Altogether, the researcher sincerely thanks and appreciate these individuals named
who have contributed to the accomplishment of this research study.

- THE RESEARCHERS

IV
 DEDICATION

First and foremost, we dedicate our study to our all-powerful God, who has
provided us with strength and knowledge in our daily lives.

We dedicate this study to our parents due to their selfless efforts and their
unwavering moral and financial support.

Along with our respondents, friends who have encouraged and inspired us, and all
of the dedicated and well-respected teachers who have assisted us in completing this
research.

Finally, the research is dedicated to the University of Cebu-Lapu-Lapu and

Mandaue.

V
 ABSTRACT

Title : COLLEGE STUDENTS' PERCEPTION OF THE

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ONLINE PAYMENT SYSTEM IN THE UNIVERSITY OF
CEBU LAPU-LAPU AND MANDAUE

Researcher : Benaro, Marichu

Refuerzo, Vejeccris

Tan, Cara May

Valle, Chabelita

Yonzon, Jade

Degree : Bachelor of Science in Business Administration major

Management Accounting

School : University of Cebu, Lapu – Lapu and Mandaue

Adviser : Mr. Giovanni C. Roxas, DBA

Date Completed :

Technology is evolving and advancing as time passes by in which we tend to adapt

and be part of it in all aspects of our lives. Nowadays, people submerge themselves in

paying online transactions because it is convenient. Online payment is a type of

interaction between organizations and individuals facilitated by banks and other financial

institutions that enable financial transactions by completed electronically. This

investigation aimed to determine the College Students' perception of the Effectiveness of

the Online Payment System at the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue.

VI
The online payment system and technological advances have changed all aspects of life.

Digital innovation leads to dynamic changes in the business environment, where

business transactions are constantly moving from cash-based to electronic-based

transactions. These payment systems have several requirements: e.g., Convenience,

Security, and Trust. Therefore, instead of focusing on the technical specifications of

various electronic payment systems, the researchers have distinguished electronic

payment systems based on the survey's results.

According to the respondents' profile findings, the highest percentage of 30

percent is 22 to 24 in terms of age. In terms of gender, females have the highest

percentage of 26.10. The highest percentage of 18.90 is the 3rd-year students for the

year level. In terms of classification, the highest percentage of 33.30 are the regular

students. In terms of internet connection, students who use Wi-Fi have the highest

percentage of 27.20. Lastly, the highest percentage of 31.10 goes to students who live

in urban areas in terms of location.

For the students' perceptions of the effectiveness of the University's payment system in

terms of Convenience, with an aggregate mean of 3.04, most students perceive that

cellular data is needed to access the portal, showing that the payment system is deemed

necessary effective. In terms of Security, with the highest aggregate mean of 2.72, the

students perceive that system failures are always during their enrollment, decreasing the

system's effectiveness. Lastly, in terms of Trust, the "late adjustment of account in using

online payments causes pending enrollment leading to their distrust towards the system"

has the highest aggregate mean of 2.77, minimizing their perception that the payment

system is effective.

VII
The data collected results showed no significant relationship between the respondent's

profile and their perception of the effectiveness of the payment system of the University

of Cebu Lapulapu and Mandaue.

Keywords: Online, payment systems, students, perception, effectiveness, Convenience,

Security, Trust, enrollment, tuition.

VIII
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
Title Page…………………………………………………………………………….……………………I
Approval Sheet…………………………………………………………………………………………II
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………………..IV
Dedication………………………………………………………………………………………………..V
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………VI
Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………………….IX

CHAPTER
1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE…………………………… …1
INTRODUCTION………………………………………….…1
Rationale of the Study……………………………………...1
Theoretical Background…………………………………….10

THE PROBLEM……………………………………………….27
Statement of the Problem………………………………….27
Hypothesis Statement……………………………………….29
Significance of the Study…………………………………..29

RESEARCH METHOLODOGY……………………………..31
Research Design……………………….……………………..31
Research Environment……………………………………..32
Research Participants……………………………………….32
Research Instruments ………………………………………33
Dry Run Procedure…………………………………………..41
Research Procedures……………………………………….42
Data Collection…………………………………….42
Data Analysis……………………………………….42
Ethical Considerations…………………………..43
Trustworthiness of Research………………….43

IX
DEFINITION OF TERMS………………………………………………………….44

2 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA……………………………………….47

Part 1: Profile of the Respondents………………………………....48

Part 2: The level of Perception of the Effectiveness

of Online Enrolment Transactions as Perceived
by the Respondents…………………………………………...52

Part 3: The Level of Perception of the Effectiveness of

Online Tuition Fee Payment Transactions as
Perceived by the Respondents…………………………...57

Part 4: Challenges in Online Transactions as perceived

by the Respondents…………………………………….…..61

Part 5: Test of Significant Relationship between

Respondent Profile and College Students
Perceptions on the Effectiveness of the
Online Payment System……………………………….…63

Part 6: Test of Significant Difference in the

Respondents Responses on the
Effectiveness of the Online Payment
System on Enrolment and Tuition
Fee Payment Transaction………………………………66

X
 3 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………...68

Summary………………………………………………………………….68

Findings……………………………………………………………….…..71

Conclusion………………………………………………………………..72

Recommendations……………………………………………………..74

Proposed Action Plan………………………………………………….75

A. Rationale………………………………………….75
B. Objective………………………………………….76
C. Activities…………………………………………..76

REFERENCES………………………………………………………..78

APPENDICES………………………………………………….…….92
A. Transmittal Letter………………………………………………..92
B. Survey Questionnaire…………………………………………..94
C. Pilot Testing Result using SPSS Software……………...102
D. Statistical Results using SPSS Software………..…106
E. Location Map………………………………………………………133
F. Grammarly Result…………………………………………….…134
G. Certificate of Final Report…………………………………….135
H. Adviser Acceptance……………………………………………..136
I. Informed Consent……………………………………………….139

CURRICULUM VITAE………………………………………………………………142

XI
LIST OF TABLES

Table Description Page

1 Profile of the Respondents………………………………………………..48

2 The level of Perception of the Effectiveness

of Online Enrolment Transactions as Perceived
by the Respondents…………….…………………………………………….52

3 The Level of Perception of the Effectiveness of

Online Tuition Fee Payment Transactions as
Perceived by the Respondents………………………………………….57

4 Challenges in Online Transactions as perceived

by the Respondents…………………………………………………………..61

5 The Significant Relationship between

Respondent Profile and College Students Perceptions
on the Effectiveness of the Online Payment System………………63

6 The Significant Difference in the Respondents

Responses on the Effectiveness of the Online Payment
System on Enrolment and Tuition Fee Payment
Transaction……………………………………………………………………..66

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Description Page

1 Research Flow Process………………………………………31

XII
 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

Rationale

The term online payment system refers to a broad range of services

delivered via electronic multichannel. Its use for various purposes adds to the literature's

imprecision in characterizing online payment. Online payment is a type of interaction

between organizations and individuals facilitated by banks and other financial institutions

that enable financial transactions by completed electronically.

E-payment systems are import mechanisms used by individuals

and organizations as a secure and convenient way of making payments over the online

net and the same time, a gateway to technological advancement in the field of the world

economy, Slozko O. Pelo A. (2015). A cashless society is on the horizon, as payments

(like many aspects of life) are becoming more digitized, Apanasevic, T., Markendahl, J.,

& Arvidsson, N. (2014). At the very least, a forecast for our future. According to the

industrial report, non-cash payments have a high penetration rate in developed

countries, especially in Europe. They are gaining ground in developing countries

(WorldPaymentReport, 2014). Despite the growth of non-cash payments, the same

report showed that cash is still present in all countries, and it dominates in many of

them. As a result, the natural question is why people pay with money when there are so

1
 many other options. Able to take a broader perspective, this study seeks to

understand why people pay the way they do when confronted with several payment

technologies.

E-payments have numerous advantages and benefits for both

individuals and businesses. Individually, e-payments make the payment process for

effort and time spent easier. On a business level, it aids in increasing the number of

customers and providing services and products to these customers at the lowest

possible cost and in the shortest possible time in a completely safe environment, thereby

increasing customer confidence. E-commerce has grown and changed dramatically,

providing extraordinary benefits to customers and businesses worldwide, Bezovski, Z.

(2016). The number of people shopping online is growing, resulting in a significant

increase in global transaction volume, Pozzi, A. (2013).

According to statistics, the Philippines has made remarkable

progress toward establishing an inclusive digital payments ecosystem. To digital

payments in the Philippines. The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) has collaborated with

the Government-Sector, and leaders in the financial, retail, and regulatory sectors. Three

years ago, it released the first digital payments diagnostic. In 2013, the digital payments

system accounted for only 1% of the total transaction volume in the country. In 2018,

the progress of digital payments increased to 10%, representing a 20% share of the

total transaction value. These figures indicate significant progress and success. These

figures represent significant progress and success. The overall growth rate of the

2
Philippines in digital payments is estimated to be 27–30%, compared to 25 percent in

emerging Asian countries. In the Philippines, the proportion of women is higher (27%)

than men (23%) transacting digitally. It is not a one-time occurrence. It is consistent

with these other financial and digital inclusion and usage metrics. (Country Diagnostic,

2019)

In the aspect of this study, the issues are visible. The first is

feasible in rural areas due to the rural population. Due to a lack of power supply and

poor network quality, rural India lags behind urban areas not only in internet penetration

but also in Internet access for online financial transactions, according to a study

conducted by the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) and market research

firm Kantar IMRB. According to the report, only 16% of rural users use the internet for

financial transactions, whereas 44% of urban users use the internet for this purpose. A

lot of these payments are peer to peer, and thus there is a multiplier effect, says the

report. According to Biswapriya Bhattacharjee, executive vice-president of Kantar IMRB,

its been picked up in urban areas, but the required critical mass has still not been

constructed in rural areas yet. Such behavior includes a lack of electricity to charge

devices, poor network quality, and the affordability of Internet service packs.

According to the report, unless this trend in usage purposes reverses, the offtake

of digital payments will remain limited. In rural areas, connection, and more importantly,

connectivity quality, is a source of concern. Online Payments Are Not Feasible in Rural

Areas Because the rural population is illiterate and unable to operate computers due to a

3
lack of knowledge about technological innovations, they are uninterested in online

payments. As a result, villagers cannot use online payment systems. Rachna et al. (2013)

Another presented problem is the lack of awareness. E-payments in

Pakistan are a new concept that seeks to provide various solutions to its citizens. It is

quickly gaining traction in Pakistan, but more than half of the population does not have

access to it. E-payment system and cash is still the dominant payment method as it is

considered secured by almost all retailers and suppliers. Talking specifically about

Pakistan, according to the World Bank, about 100 million adults in Pakistan don't have

access to formal and regulated financial services. This number is approximately 5% of

the world's entire "unbanked "population, which currently stands at 2 billion, a report by

IndraStra Global Editorial Team (2018). As a result, there is a problem with using the E-

payment system in Pakistan because people do not realize the operational barriers to

adopting E-payment in Pakistan. Lack of awareness that making an online payment is

not easy; even educated people face difficulties when making online payments. When

there is a technical problem with the server, customers attempt to make online

payments but hinder the people. As a result, they avoid it. Rachna et al. (2013)

The lack of security in online payment systems has also have

identified as a challenge in the study. All data-driven digital services, including Digital

Finance System in India, pose privacy and security risks due to poor data practices. Non-

consensual or excessive data collection, sharing, storage, and use; unchecked data

brokerage; and failure to de-identify data are all examples of bad privacy practices. In

4
terms of security, harmful methods include weak encryption, inadequate technical

controls, inadequate cyber intelligence, and centralized data storage. Bad data security

practices harm consumers, merchants, and the market, and unfortunate data security

practices could even doom countries themselves. For example, hostile intrusions into

payment systems that divert data flows can cause economic chaos, or large-scale

breaches of biometric data can result in Digital Finance Privacy becoming crippled by

fraudulent transactions. Cyberwar doctrines focused on exploiting digital security

vulnerabilities attackers to cause economic harm. Lack of Security of Online payment

systems for the internet is an easy target for stealing money and personal information.

Customers have to provide credit card and payment account details and other personal

details online. This information sometimes is transmitted in an unsecured manner,

Rachna et al. (2013).

Particular strategies implemented by the industry were in response to the

identified struggles. The first to discuss is encryption. The Data Security Council of India

(DSCI) published, on October 12, 2021, a white paper on encryption and the digital

economy. In particular, the white paper focuses on the benefits and challenges of using

encryption, particularly its impact on privacy and national security. The white paper

proposes several recommendations for policymakers to consider, such as building law

enforcement capacity and establishing clear rules for government hacking. While the

Indian government persuaded Research-in-Motion (now Blackberry) to provide it access

to its encrypted systems, several incidents caused by spreading false information on the

internet pushed the government to impose a traceability obligation on messaging

platforms.

5
 On the other hand, weakening encryption by such commands could harm users'

privacy, weaken security, harm the economic viability of technology companies, and

result in significant harm for the Nations. Online shopping is very sensitive to the notion

that e-commerce is not secure in online payments. There are various encryption

schemes to prevent fraud in online payment systems. Rachna et al. (2013).

The banking industry also employed digital signature parties

as a strategy. Although, electronic signatures allow for the remote execution of

documents. They have their own set of issues, and the signing of some documents is

also subject to the payment of the required stamp duty. Currently, only a few states in

India provide the payment facility of e-stamps. Hence, before electronically signing any

document, it needs to be determined whether the file must have a stamp before being

signed and conducted electronically and whether a file is unstamped or improperly

stamped.

In some cases, penalties may occur while enforcing the document. As per the

Hon'ble Supreme Court's judgment last year in Arjun Panditrao vs. Kailash Krishan, a

certificate under Section 65B of the Evidence Act is mandatory for filing all electronically

generated documents. Electronic signatures can be essential to ensure smooth business

transactions in this time of uncertainty.

Furthermore, the requirement of payment of stamp duty to preserve the proof in

electronic execution of documents for future requirement of a certificate under Section

6
65B of the Evidence Act is also needed to be recognized while executing a document

through an electronic signature. Thus, Digital signature parties will be involved in online

payments. Transactions should use digital signatures to ensure the authentication of

transactions, Rachna et al. (2013)

An E-payment system is a commonly used strategy by the

industry to cope with uncertainties. The institution of a national e-payment system is

likely to benefit both the domestic and global markets in the Philippines. Non-cash

payment methods have increased by 7.1 percent globally over the last five years, and by

a startling average of 16.1 percent among developing nations, according to USAID, and

the transition to an e-payment platform will not only increase the transparency of both

customers and businesses but will also allow the country to engage more with the global

market. The Philippines currently has a relatively high internet penetration rate, with 50

percent of the population expected to surpass the internet by 2017. It will compare to a

current internet penetration rate of 25 percent and 28 percent of its Cambodian and

Indonesian neighbors. However, the Philippines' lower socioeconomic classes often lack

access to online financial and transaction systems, rendering them unable to interact

directly with the global market. Currently, only 26 percent of Filipinos can access formal

financial channels. Either online or offline, 610 of the nation's 1,635 municipalities do not

have banks. The government hopes that a standardized e-payment system will

encourage citizens to use online banking to conduct transactions on a larger scale.

Uniform E-payment system is easy and convenient means it does not need to take a

load of money every time, Sujith T S, Julie C D (2015). It concluded that one of the

technological innovations is that the e-payment system has many benefits of using an e-

7
payment system like providing a fast and easy transaction process with this. It is also

risky like security is. Rachna et al. (2013)

Consequently, it requires an effort to conduct a study. That

aims to identify the perceptions encountered by the College Students towards online

payment systems at the University of Cebu, Lapu-Lapu, and Mandaue Campus. The

challenges that have prompted researchers are concerned. The result of the online

payment systems will troubleshoot the concerns of the student's account information,

confirmation, and tracking of payments in terms of paying at a bank or other options of

online payments and delayed of transfer money to the cashier department, the

Accounting department, selected students in each Department in University of Cebu

Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue. Also, the other significant target the researchers will let

stakeholders understand the situation and be aware of the troubles of the online

payment systems setup. Furthermore, the study's goal is for incoming college students

to have free and less burdensome payment methods that connect to online payment

systems at The University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue. Likewise, amid the

pandemic, having students and cashiers meet halfway in achieving the quality of

accuracy and reliability in their online payment systems.

The researchers believe that the challenges they have encountered the

occurrence they witnessed were their fellow students had difficulties with the online

payment systems at the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue. The students are

qualified because they are Management Accounting Students. After all, they seek

8
balance and accuracy in calculating transactions, provide detailed and reliable

adjustments of accounts, and are meticulous towards accounting cycles and cash flows

in online payment systems at the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue.

Furthermore, the sincere concern of the researchers in providing awareness to

significant readers and stakeholders qualified them to conduct this study. Having a

cashier as the leading researcher and the researchers as members will make the study

credible.

The researchers intend to pursue this research by providing an outside

perspective on the accessibility, choice, freedom, and safe security of online payments at

the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue. To deep go down further on the online

payment systems implemented by the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue. By

collecting the information from the cashier department on how they process the mode of

payment, collecting the ideas from other students or parents, and giving a solution or

services that they need to improve to the Cashier Department at the University of Cebu

Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue. Hence, the researchers research is qualified to conduct this

study with confidentiality and accurate results.

9
 Theoretical Background

In this study, the researchers have looked for a theory that supports the

researchers' problem. In addition, the researchers chose the Consumption Value Theory,

Theory of Reasoned Action, and The Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of

Technology (UTAUT).

The Consumption Value Theory is the anchored of this research, the

most viable theoretical framework for assessing students' perceived value towards online

payment, Deng, Z., Lu, Y., Wei, K. K., & Zhang, J. (2010). The CVT explains why

consumers behave in specific ways when choosing various products/services. The theory

assumes that decisions, such as using or not using, are based on consumption values,

the extrinsic and intrinsic reasons, and motives that drive decisions. There are five types

of consumption values: functional value(the process of paying), social value (social

norms), emotional value (arouse emotions-positive or negative), epistemic value (stems

from novelty), and conditional value (tied to use in a specific context (location or time),

all of which are independent of each other and contribute differently to a behavior. In

other words, consumer behavior is a function of consumers' perception of these values

related to a particular product/service. According to this theory, the mental processes

underlying the formation of a perceived value result from a stimulus associated with

previous consumer-payment mode interaction experiences Bettiga, D. and Lamberti, L.

(2018)

10
 In Sweden, a study conducted by Brzoska, Roksana Adriana

Hjelm, and Johanna Linnea (2020) discuss several factors that can affect behavior in

their research. According to Cristea (2014), social, technological, and economic factors

are. They demonstrate control over a large portion of the population's consumption

decisions. Social factors influence a person's propensity for specific products. People are

looking at social media influencers or celebrities for inspiration. Young people want to be

trendy and perceived as the 'cool' ones next to their age-mates. Therefore, new

technologies play a big part in people's lives Capgemini (2016). When it comes to

innovation, most of the population follows recent trends and technologies. However, a

more critical factor is the economic one. People with different educational levels, the size

of their city, accessibility to social and entertaining places such as shopping centers,

cinemas, or restaurants, have different economic standards and influence other impulses.

In Malaysia, A study about the Choice Behavior Regarding Green

Electronic Products defines emotional value as a perceived value derived from arousal or

the affective state associated with the available alternative in green products Sangroya,

Deepak, and Jogendra Kumar. (2017). The consumption can arouse positive, negative,

or mixed feelings, depending on their emotional experience and background Suki,

Norazah Mohd, and Norbayah Mohd Suki. (2015b). Penz, Elfriede, and Barbara

Stöttinger(2012) suggested emotions as part of the attitude and critical components of

the consumer's consumption pattern. These emotions cause a positive feeling of doing

good, well-being, satisfaction, and joy, as they believe they contribute to protecting the

environment Suki, Norazah Mohd, and Norbayah Mohd Suki. (2015b). Consumers'

emotions have a more substantial effect than functional benefits, and several

11
researchers suggested that emotional value plays a vital role in green consumption

behavior Eunju Woo, Yeong Gug Kim, (2019)

According to Xiao, Xiao; Hedman, Jonas; Runnemark, and Emma

(2015), When it comes to payment technology, functional value presents the attributes

of the technology in how well it can fulfill consumers' practical needs, which is, in this

case, the process of paying. While all payment technologies assist production, they have

different characteristics that affect how the task is successful. Cash, for example, is

globally accepted, whereas payment cards eliminate the need to withdraw money and

ensure availability. Past research has shown that payment characteristics influence

payment to use Humphrey, D. B. (2010). Previous research on perceived payment

features connected to PMs Trütsch, T. (2016). Supports the cognitive perceived

functional value. Previous research has emphasized the importance of various PM

qualities such as convenience, ease of use, speed, record keeping, and security. These

previous studies focused on the importance of certain characteristics of specific PMs,

such as convenience, ease of use, speed, record keeping, and security.

The researchers believed that CVT provides a solid theoretical

foundation for investigating the effectiveness of online payment systems. Payment is no

longer a simple process involving cash but rather a consumer behavior that concerns

making various payment technologies. It is possible to suggest that, like other types of

products/services, consumers' judgments of the consumption values of each payment

technology have previously influenced their adoption of payment technology. Consumer

12
durable and non-durable goods, industrial items, and services were all studied using the

Consumption Value Theory. It applies to explaining technology-related decisions, such as

the decline in software value over time Alpert, F. (1994), internet banking Ho, S. H. and

Ko, Y. Y. (2008), and exciting technology Hedman, J. and Gimpel, G. (2010)

The Theory of Reasoned Action backs up the research, claiming that

behavior results from intention, impacted by attitudes toward specific activities and

subjective norms Santos, E. A. D., & Almeida, L. B. D. (2018). The individual's ideas will

handle the reasoned action about the consequences of actions and an appraisal of the

desirability of these consequences Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (1975).TRA provides an

exceptional explanation of the link between people's attitudes and behavior. However, it

does not consider objective constraint variables, such as self-control and situational

variables from the outside environment Yang, Q., Pang, C., Liu, L., Yen, D. C., & Tarn, J.

M. (2015).

In Brazil, according to the study of Yang, Q., Pang, C., Liu, L., Yen, D. C.,

& Tarn, J. M. (2015). The payment system is affected by behavioral beliefs, social

influence, and personal traits, which are considered significant factors in adopting this

payment system. In another study, Zhou T. (2013) stated that it is necessary to

continue using MPS (Mobile Payment System). Then, it is the flow and trust, which is an

essential factor. Puschel, J. & Al. (2010) described that compatibility and relative

advantage influence the attitude of the Brazilian customers and accepted the online way

13
of payment for transactions. Thus, in Reasoned Action Theory, individuals engage in the

behavior because they intend or desire to do so.

According to Odoyo Collins Otieno, Samuel Liyala, Benson Charles

Odongo, and Silvance Abeka (2016) Reasoned Action Theory is most successful when

applied to behavior under the individual's control. Suppose the behavior is not entirely

under the control or will of the individual. Even though they are highly motivated by

their attitudes and subjective norms, they may not display the behavior. The Planned

behavior theory is present to predict but is not entirely under the control of individuals.

According to Reasoned Action Theory, individuals engage in the behavior because they

intend or desire to do so. The main difference between Reactioned Action Theory and

Planned Behavior Theory is the addition of a third determinant of behavioral intentions,

namely perceived behavioral control (PBC). Otieno, S. Liyala, B. C. Odongo, and S.

Abeka (2016); the latter is an extension of the TRA including three primary user features

such as the perceived usefulness of a technology, the user's attitude towards its use,

and the degree of easiness to use the technology (Amaro & Duarte, 2015).

In the Philippines, O. C. Otieno, S. Liyala, B. C. Odongo, and S. Abeka

(2016) have compared innovation and technology models and other approaches based

on TRA theory research. The TRA is a strong view for innovation adoption is found upon

a few additions of different variables such as facilitating condition, awareness of

innovation by users, social pressure, and user readiness. Perceived usability and

perceived ease of use constructs from this model are essential. The reasoned action

14
theory (TRA) theory is more suitable for discussing the adoption of e-payment systems

as it extends to more circumstances.

Other factors impacting e-payment systems can consider using these

paradigms, such as social influences Özkan, S., Bindusara, G., & Hackney, R. (2010).

Using the theoretical constructs formed using the conceptual technology acceptance

model and theory of reasoned action, this anchored conceptual framework and the

hypothesis from the Study of Özkan, S., Bindusara, G., & Hackney, R. (2010). The

various existing scholarly researcher studied e-payment systems using the Reasoned

action Theory. It widely uses E-payment systems in different parts of the world. The

literature review provides different perspectives on the adoption of the system. The

intention of adopting an e-payment system can attribute to its perceived risks. According

to Hossain M. A. (2019), perceived risk could negatively influence mobile payment users'

perceived trust and customer satisfaction. Consumers from The United Kingdom are also

concerned with the risk of lost or stolen payments resulting in their financial loss

Hampshire, C. (2017).

The researchers discovered a study that demonstrated the

relationship between user behavior and the use of online payment. The source of

information for the related studies has a statistically significant association with

demographic variables such as city, age, occupation, family income, gender, and marital

status. Kalia P. (2017) discovered that security, information, reliability, privacy,

responsiveness, access, convenience, customer service, and personalization are the

15
most frequently cited dimensions of an effective payment system when comparing

various online service quality scales.

Another theory supported in this study, the Unified Theory of

Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), integrates TRA, TPB, TAM, DOI, the model

of PC utilization, and social cognitive theory. UTAUT posits four main factors. These are

likely to influence the consumer's behavioral intention to adopt a technology, namely

performance expectancy (perceived usefulness and relative advantage), effort

expectancy (similar to perceived ease of use and complexity), social influence (identical

to the subjective norm), and facilitating condition (exact to perceived behavioral control)

Venkatesh, Viswanath; Morris, Michael G.; Davis, Gordon B.; and Davis, Fred D.. (2012).

Additionally, UTAUT introduces gender, age, experience, and voluntariness as

moderators positioned to moderate the impact of the four critical constructs on usage,

intention, and behavior Kim, C., Mirusmonov, M. and Lee, I. (2010). UTAUT has been

empirically tested and has proven to be superior to other prevailing competing models

Park, J., Yang, S., and Lehto, X. (2007). For example, they developed a model

incorporating trust, social influence, self-efficacy, and perceived security into UTAUT. His

model test confirmed the role of perceived usefulness and ease of use as antecedents in

consumers' acceptance of mobile payment. It indicated consumers' attitudes and

intentions regarding security and trust.

Based on the UTAUT, Venkatesh, Viswanath; Morris, Michael G.;

Davis, Gordon B.; and Davis, Fred D.. (2012). Identified perceived usefulness same as

16
effort expectancy based on the expectancy theory cited in Rampersad, G., Plewa, C., &

Troshani, I. (2012). Therefore, the meaning of both perceived usefulness and

performance expectancy is interchangeable. Performance expectancy is the users'

perceived performance gain from the adopted technology (Hasan et al., 2019; Hung et

al., 2019). Performance expectancy in the m-payment context relates to the extent to

which m-payment can enhance the payment performance of consumers Cai, J., D.Y.

Wohn, A. Mittal, and D. Sureshbabu, (2018). In other words, performance expectancy is

the degree to which payment helps consumers to make payments. Madan, K., & Yadav,

R. (2016) found that performance expectancy has significantly predicted intention in the

NCF m-payment system, while Zalessky and Hasan (2018) asserted that performance

expectancy was the most vital determinant of behavioral choice in their study. To

validate the effect of performance expectancy in m-payment usage.

In Saudi Arabia, Al-Gahtani, S., Hubona, G., and Wang, J. (2007)

measured the effect of the UTAUT in explaining the behavioral intention and the use of

computers in Saudi organizations. They used the four constructs in the original UTAUT

introduced by Venkatesh, Viswanath; Morris, Michael G.; Davis, Gordon B.; and Davis,

Fred D.. (2012). However, they substituted the social influence construct with subjective

norms, and they used four and three items to measure each construct without a clear

explanation for choosing these specific items. They concluded that performance

expectancy and subjective norms affected system to use. In contrast, facilitating

conditions and effort expectancy had no significant effect. In addition, Abu Shanab E. et

al. 2010 investigated the factors that affect consumers' acceptance of Internet banking

in Jordan. They replicated and extended the UTAUT to examine its applicability in Jordan.

17
They studied the effect of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence,

and personality dimensions (personal innovativeness, perceived trust, and perceived risk)

on the behavior intention. However, they excluded the construct of actual use. They

substituted it with behavior intention, and some of their measured constructs were only

two items that were not adequate to measure a construct.

Two separate studies by Al Qeisi, K. I., & Al-Abdallah, G. M. (2014), the

studies extended the UTAUT model. They tested it in the United Kingdom and Jordan to

study the individuals' Internet banking usage in different environments. The examined

proposed model through CFA by using SEM. Their findings supported the influence of

the proposed extension with the website quality perceptions on usage behavior in both

countries. The main impact of this model enhanced the website quality perceptions,

which are the most influential determinant of the usage behavior. According to that, the

performance expectancy was in the second. Another research work of Al Qeisi, K. I., &

Al-Abdallah, G. M. (2014) was to study the viability of applying the UTAUT model to non-

western cultures. The researchers examined the model for predicting Internet banking

behavior and found that social influence is a weak determinant of behavioral intentions.

In addition, facilitating conditions have an insignificant effect on user behavior in Jordan,

Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. Moreover, they noted that effort expectancy is the crucial

determinant of Internet banking usage behavior in the examined countries, moderated

by the users' experience.

18
 The researchers reached this classification through a previous research

work depending on reviewing the origin of each study, the evolution stages and the

evolution in the structure, and the effect of psychology, sociology, information

technology on human behavior on the usage of technology and the intention to adopt it

Alaa M. Momani, (2020). Software usability represents the degree of ease of use for

end-users interaction with an information system and their ability to learn using it

Bourque, P., & Fairley, R. E. (Eds.). (2014). One of the usability tasks is testing the

information system's functions that support user tasks and its capability to correct run-

time faults.

This chapter discusses the effectiveness of online payment systems

and measures according to their convenience, security, and trust. It discusses the

literature and research findings, local and international, which have relevance to the

present study.

Convenience

One of the 21st-century trends is to provide convenience to all customers

in terms of quick and easy exchange of transactions. The online payment system offers

a convenient payment platform for dealing with customers. For customers, it provides

the possibility of immediate payment after an online purchase and avoids the risk of

remittance. (Quoted from Baike 2017, September 30, 2017) In online transactions,

customers can conveniently pay without any hassle; in a way, it can save them much

19
time. Convenience is a relative term that varies from situation to situation. Dixit, N., &

Datta, S. K. (2010) In today's business world, the electronic payment system is

becoming an increasingly bold payment method.

It is due to its efficiency, convenience, and potential. Companies always

want easy and convenient payments for their customers, offering multiple payment

options and media channels. One of them is using mobile payments when making online

transactions. Supported by the mobility, accessibility, and compatibility provided by

mobile technology Kim, C., Mirusmonov, M. and Lee, I. (2010)

Mobile payment (MP) is "payments for goods, services, and bills with a

mobile device such as mobile phone, etc., by taking advantage of wireless and other

communication technologies" Dahlberg, T., Mallat, N., Ondrus, J., & Zmijewska, A.

(2008). Mobile payments are convenient because they make consumers' lives easier and

reduce the difficulty of traditional payments. In most cases, their only need to enter

their account information once, such as their credit card number and shipping address—

the stored data in a database on the dealer's web server. When they return to the

website, they have to log in using their username and password. Closing a transaction is

as easy as clicking a mouse. All they have to do is confirm their purchase. Amendah E.

(2008) States that mobile computing for online payments gives consumers access to

information, communications, transactions, and services anywhere. Consumers can

access their bank accounts and use the downloaded application to perform mobile

banking on their mobile devices anytime, anywhere. For example, they can use their

20
mobile device to easily send/receive money with other users who have accounts from

the same third-party provider. It is beneficial for people who do not have enough

traditional banking services in remote areas.

The customer can feel convenient to make it easier and faster without

handing over money, looking for changes, or swiping their cards. In addition, transaction

records stored on mobile devices via mobile payments make personal financial

management more effortless. Mobile payments pay regardless of time and place.

Security

Security is a means of ensuring safety and minimizing the rate of

hackers' breaches of account information or transaction details. It is a means of

safeguarding consumers' safety and preventing hackers from compromising their privacy

Dixit, N., & Datta, S. K. (2010). An EPS must offer security to its users Kim, C.,

Mirusmonov, M., and Lee, I. (2010). Some people may tend to doubt their security when

having their payments online. A big concern with mobile payment is the risk of financial

loss, holding mobile payment adoption back Kim C, Tao W, Shin N, Kim KS (2010).

Furthermore, it considers security the most significant concern for mobile payment.

Security issues in electronic payments are more challenging today

than the other security issues on the internet. Chavosh, A.B. Halimi, and J. Namdar

21
(2011) found that degree holders were very concerned about the security issues

associated with E-Payment services. According to an article regarding online payment

challenges, one of the most prominent issues in online payments is security, with e-

payment platforms being subject to hacking. Malicious individuals orchestrate attacks to

deceive unwary users into disclosing vital internet information. This information can

enable access to the victims' personal and financial information and the log-in details of

their e-wallets. Due to inefficient authentication methods, hackers can exploit

inadequate authentication on online payment systems and use another person's cards

and e-wallets. Total identity fraud damages will reach $56 billion by 2020. This figure

emphasizes the need to have acceptable authentication methods in place.

Online security in e-commerce is essential to the consumers who reveal

sensitive information about themselves upon purchasing and the merchants. Their

reputation is on the line if a stolen consumer's identity is due to a data breach at the

checkout. Nowadays, hardware and software systems security is a multilayer subject, as

both the consumer and the company carry the risk Fianyi, I. D. (2015). The increase in

cybercrime and the development of hacking tools have affected the security of e-

commerce and increased the chances of identity thefts, privacy intrusions, and financial

espionage Fianyi, I. D. (2015). Fang, X., Chan, S., Brzezinski, J., and Xu, S. (2003)

depicted security "as the extent to which a user believes that using a particular

application will be risk-free."

22
 In a study on online retail acceptance by Huang and Oppewal (2006),

security concerns on credit card details were significant. In electronic payments,

customers must deliver credit card and payment account details and personal

information, and thieves can use this Internet transfer as a tool to steal money. Zhou T.

(2013) states that consumers are worried about payment security due to viruses, which

decreases their trust in mobile payment, affecting intention and usage behavior. The

threat of hackers and the possibility of customer information theft give rise to increased

environmental risk.

Previous research has shown that the lack of human contact or social

relationship during the electronic payment process represents a threat to EPS security

Kim C, Tao W, Shin N, Kim KS (2010). Online banking and online payment applications

have security concerns because they are created based on foundational ICT frameworks

that are vulnerabilities in business organizations and businesses that can potentially

harm customers. In such cases, customers are afraid that frauds will expose their

information if they pay online.

Several studies have contributed to the multiple protection issues in

electronic payments in recent years. Because of electronic payment, customers need to

feel protected regarding their privacy concerns. Whether consumers decide to use an

electronic payment method depends on the security statements. Therefore the security

statements should be easy to locate. Furthermore, the ideas themselves should be

explicit and easy to interpret and attract the consumers' attention. Suppose consumers

23
do not regard the electronic payment method as secure. In that case, they will not use it,

and therefore measures have to be taken to gain consumers' trust. Consumers can use

technical solutions to ensure that users" personal information, such as names, addresses,

and contact details, are protected. Kim, C., Mirusmonov, M. and Lee, I. (2010)

Trust

Trust has been the focus of several studies in recent years. Many

researchers have studied the effects of trust in users' intention to use mobile payment

systems (MPS). A survey conducted by Duane, A, O'Reilly, P & Andreev P. (2014)

affirmed that the most vital element that affects the intent of people to utilize their

smartphones to make payments is trust. This survey is consistent with previous research

conducted by Xin, H, Techatassanasoontorn, AA & Tan. (2013), highlighting that trust is

a fundamental element that impacts consumers' intention to use the MPS. In addition,

Dastan I & Gürler C. (2016) pointed out that perceived trust positively impacts MPS

adoption. Mahad, M, Mohtar, S & Othman, AA (2015), who emphasized the positive

effects of perceived trust on consumers' intention to adopt mobile banking, endorsed

perceived trust.

Various existing scholarly researchers studied e-payment systems using

the technology acceptance model and other variations. E-payment systems are used

widely in multiple parts of the world. The literature review provides additional insights

into system adaptation. According to Hossain M. A. (2019), perceived risk can negatively

influence mobile payment users' trust and customer satisfaction. According to

24
Barkhordari M, Nourollah Z, Mashayekhi H, Mashayekhi Y, and Ahangar MS (2017), the

significant factors in improving perceived security in e-payment systems are technical.

Transaction procedures, access to security guidelines, and influencing confidence, which

may influence them to try the platform to submit the Study, technical and transaction

procedures, and access to security guidelines are the significant factors that influence

the perceived trust of customers. Middle Eastern Arab countries, considered the second-

fastest-growing region (after the United States and Canada) in terms of mobile and

telecommunications adoption, have experienced m-payments services and applications

since 2003 through various marketing and technological strategies. Many e-commerce

applications fall short of customers' expectations of Al-Hosni, N., S. Ali, and R. Ashrafi

(2010). Although several studies indicated the importance of trust for consumers to

accept and use m-payments in the Middle Eastern Arab region, Al-Hosni, N., S. Ali, and

R. Ashrafi (2010) did not study faith in m-payments in this region was not studied. For

these reasons, research into consumer trust in mobile payments is an area worthy of

academic research. Several practical and theoretical considerations emphasize the

importance of this research, justify its focus and emphasize its potential contribution to

the domains of m-payments and consumer trust. The United Arab Emirates, a Middle

Eastern Arab country considered significant in finance, economics, technology, and

ethnicity diversity of m-payment users, was selected as the research region.

Amir Abbas Jarollahi (2013) states about the trust level of the customers

in the electronic payment system and has tried to find the level of trust among men and

women using the online payment system. The factors examined to increase security and

confidence with customers are perceived trust and safety, leading to high adaptation of

25
Electronic payment systems. Heidarzadeh K. and Alinejad S. (2012) state that online is

open access to the network without a direct person managing individual transactions;

the technical transportation that supports EPS must be resistant to security attacks.

Technical protections made to reduce such risk need to be considered by EPS before the

problem of addressing consumer trust. The trust transfer process positively impacts the

continued use of mobile payments by satisfaction, an essential factor in the continued

purpose. Trust can be influenced positively by perceived similarity and entitativity

between online and mobile payments Cao, X., Yu, L., Liu, Z., Gong, M., & Adeel, L.

(2018). Based on Chiu, J. L., Bool, N. C., & Chiu, C. L. (2017) study, mobile banking

non-adopters found that initial confidence significantly influenced their intention to use

online banking services.

For the researchers, a sense of trust in business enables one to have

better experiences with companies, which leads to better commerce. Gaining customers'

trust strengthens an organization's credibility, more outstanding advocacy, and creates

customer loyalty and engagement. Therefore, trust and confidence aren't just essential

for all the consumers – it's necessary for our future.

The above theories, related literature, studies, and models provide a

deeper view into the general context of the significance of customer perception that may

be useful to our research. Moreover, these will help clarify the relevance of security,

convenience, and trust to the impact of online payment systems in the University of

Cebu Lapulapu and Mandaue.

26
 THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

This investigation aims to determine the College Students'

perception of the Effectiveness of the Online Payment System at the University of Cebu

Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue for the first semester of the Academic year 2021-2022. This

investigation will be the basis of the proposed action plan. Specifically, the study seeks

to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. gender;

1.2. age;

1.3. year level;

1.4. College Department;

1.5. classification?

1.6 available internet connection; and

1.7 Location

2. What is the perception of the students on the effectiveness of the following online

payment at the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue :

27
 2.1. Enrollment Transaction

2.1.1.convenience;

2.1.2. security; and

2.1.3. trust

2.2 Tuition Fee

2.2.1.convenience;

2.2.2 security; and

2.2.3 trust

3. What are the perceived challenges they encountered in terms of:

3.1 Enrollment Fee transaction

3.2 Tuition Fee transaction

4. Is there a significant relationship between respondent profiles and college students'

perceptions of the effectiveness of the online payment system at the University of Cebu

Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue?

5. Is there a significant difference in the respondents' responses in their perception of

the students on the effectiveness of the online payment system at the University of

Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue?

6. Based on the findings, what is the proposed plan?

28
Hypothesis Statement

No1: There is no significant relationship between the respondents' profiles and the

college student's perception of the effectiveness of the online payment system at the

University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue.

No2: There is no significant difference in the respondents' responses to the college

student's perception of the effectiveness of the online payment system at the University

of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue.

Significance of the Study

This study will concentrate on the findings regarding the University of Cebu-

Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue College Students' perceptions of the School's payment system

concerning their payment methods, payment statuses, and assessments. The results of

this study will be beneficial to the following:

The University of Cebu-LM - College Students. The study will benefit the UCLM

Students in changing their perception of the effectiveness of the School's s payment

system. The study will educate students on the causes of delays and discrepancies in

their payment statuses and assessments. The study will also serve as a wake-up call for

29
the students, making them confident that their payments are secure and convenient

rather than inconvenient.

Accounting Department. This study provides information on the Department's

shortcomings in delivering information and instruction, especially in accessing the portal

for the assessment and proof and payment. Aside from that, as the Accounting staff can

address the students' issues, this research will provide better performance for the

Department. The study will decelerate the effort of the Department to offer alternative

steps, warnings, advance attachments of assessments, and more advanced electronic

payments to provide quality service and a flexible way of learning to their students.

School Cashier Department. This study will give awareness to the cashier

department about the difficulties that students experience in their tuition payments. The

study might prompt a more remarkable improvement of the payment system and the

creation of new alternatives for the Online Payment Systems at the University of Cebu

Lapu-Lapu Mandaue.

Future Researchers. This study will serve as a basis for further research and

investigation regarding Students' perceptions of the effectiveness of the online payment

system. 

30
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This study applied a descriptive research design using quantitative

data to determine the College Student's Perception of the Effectiveness of the Online

Payment System at the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue.

Research Design

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Profile of the respondents:
• Descriptive
 Gender; research design
 Age; using
 Year level; quantitative
 College Department; data with the
 Classification; use of a
 Available internet researcher-
Connection; and
designed
 Location
survey tool.
Respondents ‘Perception towards
online payments systems’ in terms
of: • Collection of
data
2.1 Enrollment Transaction Proposed Action Plan

• Convenience
• Security
• Trust
• Data processing

2.2 Tuition Fees

• Convenience • Presentation
• Security and
• Trust analysis of
data
Respondents perceived challenges
encountered in terms of:
3.1 Enrollment Fee transaction
3.2 Tuition Fee transaction

Figure 1
Research Flow Process

31
Research Environment

The conducted research at the University of Cebu Lapulapu and

Mandaue sits at the foot of the old Mactan Bridge, connecting the cities of Cebu and

Lapulapu. The towns of Lapulapu and Mandaue are zones for dynamic economic

activities that include International industrial export processing companies – producing

computer hardware, electronic wares, furniture and metalworks, fashion accessories,

and processed food, among others. Lapulapu is the location of the Cebu International

Airport, one's gateway to the vibrant leisure and tourism industry of Cebu. In this sense,

the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue provides for its students' training and

education responsive to the bigger picture of its locale that is thriving with endless

opportunities.

Research Participants

The research respondents were the College Students of the University

of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue who use the online payment system. Using

convenience sampling the research select ten (10) in College of Computer Studies, ten

(10) in College of Criminology, ten (10) in College of Customs Administration, ten (10) in

Allied Engineering, ten (10) in College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, ten (10)

in College of Maritime Education, ten (10) in College of Business and Accountancy, ten

(10) in College of Nursing, and ten (10) in Teacher Education. Those students from

different majors served as respondents in the survey Questionnaire; other groups of

participants in this study were the twenty seven (27) Research participants who were

32
the students from the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue that pays the fees on

the Online payment partners of the School.

Research Instrument

The researcher used the researcher-devised questionnaire to gather

the data. The online survey questionnaire consists of three (3) sections where section 1

concludes the profile of the respondents; section 2 collects the data as to respondents'

perception of the Online Payment System, and 3 What are the perceived challenges

they encountered in terms of enrolment and tuition fee. The Applied following mean

range to determine the extent of manifestation of the respondents' perception towards

the online payments systems where the following:

Survey Questionnaire

Survey On The College Students' in University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue.

The researcher used the researcher-devised questionnaire to gather the data.

The online survey questionnaire consists of three (3) sections where section 1 gathers

the profile of the respondents and section 2 gathers the data as to respondents'

perception of the Online Payment System and section 3 gathers the data as to

respondents perceived challenges in online payment as to tuition fee and enrollment fee.

Note that this questionnaire is subjective, and there is no right or wrong answer. It will

only take 5 to 10 minutes to answer. It assumed that any shared information within the

33
survey would remain confidential. Your deliberation and cooperation are highly

appreciated.

STUDENT’S PROFILE

Name: (Optional)

CATEGORY OPTION CATEGORY

OPTION BY
CHOOSING YOUR
ANSWERS, PUT
(✓) HERE
GENDER Female

Male

AGE 18 to 21 years old

22 to 24 years old

25 years old and above

YEAR LEVEL First Year

Second Year

Third Year

Fourth Year

COLLEGE DEPARTMENT Allied Engineering

Business and Accountancy

Computer Studies

Criminology

Customs Administration

Hospitality and Tourism

Management

34
 Maritime Education

Nursing

Teacher Education

CLASSIFICATION Regular Student

Working Student

Irregular Student

AVAILABLE INTERNET Prepaid Load (Data Connection)

CONNECTION Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi Connection)

LOCATION Urban

Rural

II. The Applied following mean range to determine the extent of manifestation of

the respondents’ perception towards the online payments systems where the following:

RATING SCALE RESPONSE CATEGORY INTERPRETATION

4 STRONGLY AGREE It implies that the respondent

3 AGREE
2 MODERATELY AGREE
affirms that all online
payment system is not
sufficient to the satisfaction of
the payers.
It implies that the respondent
affirms that in many instances
online payment system is not
sufficient to the satisfaction of
the payers.
It implies that the respondent
affirms in many instances that
an online payment system is

35
 viably agreeable to payers.
1 DISAGREE It implies that the respondent
affirms that all online
payment system is viably
agreeable to payers

To the provided checkmark row, please put a checkmark (✓) for your information and

deliberately answer your perception about the Tuition fee transactions and Enrollment

fee transactions, the indicators are under Convenience, Trust, and Security.

TUITION FEE TRANSACTIONS

CONVENIENCE

INDICATORS SA A MA D
1. Using an e-payment to pay tuition fees is a hassle.

2. Payment for tuition in remittance centers sometimes

gets sent to other campuses of the University.

3. The idea of “ you can not be offline in paying tuition

fees online gives discomfort.
4. Service charge is expected in paying tuition fees
online, especially if you pay thru remittances.
5. You need to have a stable internet connection in
paying tuition fees online.

36
SECURITY

INDICATORS SA A MA D
1. Paying tuition fees in an online system could be a
danger to personal information than paying in a physical
school would be substantial and safe for your account.

2. Your e-cash can be stolen by paying online for your

tuition.
3. It is prone to phishing sites.

4. All communications for paying tuition between mobile

applications and the back-end gateways and servers are
will not encrypt.
5. E-payment apps have a lot of viruses.

TRUST

INDICATORS SA A MA D

1. The idea of an unforeseen technical error in executing

online payment will lead to a problem.
2. The online payment system transaction will not
automatically notify me when my payment is already
reflected in my account.
3. The online payment system requires more trust, as it
is easier to transact because it's cashless.

4. The online payment system does not provide the

same opportunity, as a personal transaction when
paying a tuition fee.
5. The issue of trust is one of the main concerns of
many students and a strong reason for not paying
tuition fees through an online payment.

37
ENROLLMENT TRANSACTION

CONVENIENCE

INDICATORS SA A MA D

1. Going to the cashier’s office for approval of enrollment

since receipts haven't been attached in the portal is a
hassle.
2. Paying enrollment fees through G-cash, Bank Transfer
or remittances will take more time than paying over the
counter.

3. There are technical problems in attaching proof of

payments.

4. Cellular data is needed to access the portal.

5. Unreflect payments lead to the existence of old

accounts, hindering the approval of enrollment.

SECURITY

INDICATORS SA A MA D

1. When conducting enrollment transactions there's

always a failure in the systems.
2. Due to lack of security on the transaction of
enrollment, data information might be stolen.
3. There's not enough security like
authorization/verification code to verify the user in
transacting enrollment.

38
 4. It's very risky to have an online enrollment
transaction if there's no validity that your shared
information will be safely guarded.
5. There's an issue every time we do the enrollment
transaction in which we cant trace the step which we
were at.

TRUST

INDICATORS SA A MA D

1. The Online transaction of payment is not trusted or

reliable when it comes to paying the enrollment fee.
2. Depending on telecommunications infrastructure
Internet and server issues can disable online payment
methods.
3. Online payment System has a Low risk of theft after
processing delays, online payments usually go straight to
you're your account.
4. Whenever there are a lot of risks and not enough
security in enrollment transaction customer will distrust
the transition.
5. Late adjustment of account in executing online
payment will cause pending of enrollment it will lead to
distrust to the system.

39
III. Please put a check mark (✓) as many as you can below on the general situation

that connects to the perceived challenges you have experienced in using the online

payment for paying tuition fee and enrollment fee.

TUITION FEE

Service Charge

Late Adjustment

Technical Error

Stable Internet

No offline service

None of these

ENROLLMENT FEE TRANSACTION

Device problem

Delayed verification

Portal error

Encryption problem

Unreflected attached receipt

None of these

40
Content procedures

This study undertook the content validation by an expert in financial

management to test the functionality and fit of the contents of the researcher-designed

interview guide to choosing a content validator based on a track record in research and

expertise in corporate social responsibility programs and activities. Then after a series of

revisions based on the expert's comments and suggestions, the final tool before the

actual interview with the identified research participants.

Dry Run Procedure

A pilot test is conducted among the twenty-seven (27) in the University of Cebu

Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue College Students to assess the reliability of the researcher-

designed instrument. There is no contraction and distribution of questionnaires

personally to these respondents from every department as follows: three (3) in Allied

Engineering, three (3) in College of Business and Accountancy, three (3) in College of

Computer Studies, three (3) in College of Criminology, three (3) in College of Customs

Administration, , three (3) in College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, three (3)

in College of Maritime Education, three (3) in College of Nursing, and three (3) in

Teacher Education.

Pilot tests are conducted among the twenty (27) UCLM College students

to test the researcher-designed instrument's reliability. These respondents are not part

of the actual administration of the questionnaire.

The questionnaire was administered in two (2) weeks since the

proponent personally distributed the questionnaires among the identified twenty seven

41
(27) respondents. The items in the survey questionnaire were explained to them

appropriately before commencing the answering of the tool.

Research Procedures

The proponents secured permission from the respondents who constantly

use online payment systems to conduct the investigation. After granting permission, the

survey questionnaire was given during the respondents' available time to avoid hindering

their classes and responsibilities as a student or individuals.

Data Collection

The proponents secured the permission of the Students from the University of

Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue to conduct the investigation. When the granted consent

is already present, the survey questionnaire was given during the students' available

time to avoid hindering their classes and responsibilities.

Data Analysis

Using the following tools will treat the quantitative data of this study. These will use

the Frequency and Percentage to analyze the respondents' profile as to gender, age,

year level, primary, and classification.

The weighted mean will analyze the respondents' perception of online payment

systems in terms of convenience, security, and trust.

42
 On the test of the significant relationship between the profile of respondents, and

their perception of online payment systems, using the Chi-square test is part of the

independence.

Ethical Considerations

Ensuring the participants' rights will not be violated will explain the study's

objective. They will determine if they would be willing to participate in the investigation.

Those who signified their voluntary participation will sign the consent form. The

proceedings also ensured that the participation was voluntary and that in case any

participant withdraws one's participation, it would not hold against them. Moreover, the

gathered data will also ensure the confidentiality and information of the participants.

Trustworthiness of the Research

The gathered data firsthand from the research participants qualified to the

criteria indicated in selecting respondents from the Students who have different

perspectives on choosing online.

43
 DEFINITION OF TERMS

For a better understanding of this study, the following terms are defined

operationally in the context of this research.

Action Plan. It outlines the steps to achieving a specific goal. Its goal is to

define what innovations are required to attain infinite transaction productivity.

Convenience. This term refers to being comfortable doing something quickly

with minimal effort and without barriers.

E-Commerce. This term refers to a business model that allows individuals to

access services through online platforms.

Mobile payment. This term generally refers to payment services operated

under financial regulation and performed from or via a mobile device.

Online payment. This term is practical and helpful at work when the

characteristics of the online payment system meet the requirements and provide

significant value to users (Schierz, Schilke, & Wirtz, 2010).

Online Payment System. This term is an electronic medium through which

students make e-commerce transactions. It is also called an electronic payment

system.

44
Partnered Banks. This term refers to any bank or other financial institution

with which the company or any group company has a relationship.

Payment Method. This term is a way that customers pay for a product or

service. In a brick-and-mortar store, accepted payment methods may include

cash, a gift card, credit cards, prepaid cards, debit cards, or mobile payments.

For an e-commerce business, online payment methods may include credit or

debit card options, prepaid cards, gift cards, a direct transfer from a bank

account, payment processors, etc.

Perceived Behavioral Control. This term describes students’ awareness of the

availability of resources, knowledge, and opportunities needed to make payments.

Perceived behavioral control directly impacts using a payment method Kim C,

Tao W, Shin N, Kim KS (2010).

Perception of Respondents’ toward the Online Payment Systems. It

means perceiving reality or an opinion they’ve formed and how they feel about

the process in terms of connection, relativity, and quality of the school’s services.

Respondent’s profile. It refers to the demographic profile of the students who

have agreed to take part in the study.

Security. This term is a set of procedures, mechanisms, and computer programs

to authenticate the source of information and guarantee the integrity and privacy

of the information (data) to abstain from this circumstance to lead to a

hardship(economic) of data or network resources.

45
Students Perception. This term is the process of perceived treatment of

students toward information they get from e-payment.

Social Influence. This term is the influence of other people (important people)

who encourage consumers to use electronic payment systems in transactions.

The term “important people” refers to people such as family, spouses, and

organizations.

Trust. This term is a fundamental element that impacts consumers’ intention to

use the mobile payment system. Xin, H, Techatassanasoontorn, AA & Tan (2013).

46
 CHAPTER 2

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter analyzes and interprets data gathered from the college students who

experience online payment in paying for their enrollment fee or tuition fee using any

online modality at the University of Cebu- Lapulapu, and Mandaue. The presented data

are tabular with corresponding analysis and interpretation with their implications.

Presentation and Analysis of Data

This chapter contains six parts. The first part shows the profile of the res5pondents and,

followed by the second part, the level of Perception of the Effectiveness of Online

Enrolment Transactions as Perceived by the Respondents. The next is the third part will

be the Level of Perception of the Effectiveness of Online Tuition Fee Payment

Transactions as Perceived by the Respondents, followed by the 4th part challenges in

Online Transactions as perceived by the Respondents and, lastly, the 5th and 6th part is

the Significant Relationship between Respondent Profile and College Students

Perceptions on the Effectiveness of the Online Payment System and Significant

Difference in the Respondents Responses on the Effectiveness of the Online Payment

System on Enrolment and Tuition Fee Payment Transaction.

47
Part I. Profile of the Respondents

This section shows the data on the profile of the respondents.

Table 1

Profile of the Respondents

Indicators Frequency Percentage

A. Age
● 18 to 21 35 19.40
● 22 to 24 54 30.00
● 25 and above 1 0.60
● Mean: 1.62
● Sd: 0.51
B. Gender
● Male 43 23.90
● Female 47 26.10
● Mean: 1.52
● Sd: 0.50
C. Year Level
● 1st year 17
9.40
● 2nd year 9
5.00
● 3rd year 34 18.90
● 4th year 30 16.70
● Mean: 2.86
● Sd: 1.09
D. College Department
● Allied Engineering 10
5.60
● Business and Accountancy 10
5.60
● Computer Studies 10
5.60
● Criminology 10
5.60
● Customs Administration 10

48
 5.60
● Hospitality and Tourism Management 10
5.60
● Maritime Education 10
5.60
● Nursing 10
5.60
● Teacher Education 10
5.60
● Mean: 5.00
● Sd: 2.60
E. Classification
● Regular 60 33.30
● Irregular 17
9.40
● Working 13
7.20
● Mean: 1.48
● Sd: 0.74
F. Available Internet Connection
● Prepaid Load (Cellular Data) 41 22.80
● Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi Connection) 49 27.20
● Mean: 1.54
● Sd: 0.50
G. Location
● Urban 56 31.10
● Rural 34 18.90
● Mean: 1.38
● Sd: 0.49

Age

The highest percentage of 30 indicates that college students aged 22 to 24 are the most

likely to perceive the use of online modality in paying their school fees. They have an

advantage in the circumstance as they’re more engaged in technology while living in the

21st century. On the other hand, the lowest percentage of 0.60 shows that only a few

college students aged 25 and above are not likely to perceive the use of any online

49
modality in paying their fees. It could be that they don’t have to use online services to

pay for their finances. A study conducted by K. E. Olson (2011) found that younger

adults use a greater breadth of technologies than older adults.

Gender

The highest percentage of 26.10 indicates that Females are the most likely to perceive

the use of online modalities in paying their school fees. On the other hand, the lowest

percentage of 23.90 shows that males are not likely to perceive the use of online

modalities in paying their school fees. It could be that they don’t often use online

services for paying transactions. For instance, Hamza (2014) found that males are more

influenced by perceived ease of use and usefulness than females in the intention to use

mobile payment. Besides, women were influenced by social influence factors compared

to men in adopting new technology (Hamza, 2014; Riquelme & Rios, 2010; Venkatesh et

al., 2003). Nevertheless, access to financial services is vital for women’s economic

resiliency and stability (Altman, 2019). This study contends that gender can moderate

the effects of user-centric, security, and mobile payment service characteristics on the

perceived usefulness and ease of use, which eventually will predict intention to use

online payment.

Year level

The highest percentage of 18.90 indicates that 3rd-year college students are the most

likely to perceive the use of online modality in paying their school fees. It could be that

these students find it more convenient to pay fees online than to pay over the counter.

On the other hand, the lowest percentage of 5 shows that 2nd-year college students are

not likely to use online modalities in paying their school fees. It could be that they don’t

50
often use online services for paying transactions. According to university statistics, out of

8,918 college students enrolled in the 1st semester S.Y. 2021-2022, 22.47% are 3rd-year

college students.

Classification

The highest percentage of 33.30 indicates that regular students are the most likely to

perceive the use of online modality in paying their school fees. It could be that these

students have more time to navigate and enjoy this new mode of payment. On the other

hand, the lowest frequency of 13 shows that working students are not likely to use the

online modality to pay their school fees. It could be that they don’t often use online

services for paying transactions since they hardly have time to navigate it. A university

statistical report for the school year 2021-2022 shows more regular students with a

percentage of 95 % enrolled.

Available Internet Connection

The highest percentage of 27.20 indicates that more students use Wireless Fidelity (Wi-

Fi Connection) to execute payments online to pay their school fees. It could be that a

Wi-Fi connection allows students to use multiple devices that they can use to manage

costs online. On the other hand, the lowest percentage of 22.80 shows that students

were not likely to use mobile data in executing online payments. It could be that

students rarely use mobile data to pay for their finances online. A study by Aruloli P

Elayaraja, 2013, mention in its journal that Wireless Networking (Wi-Fi) has made it so

easy for a user to use the computer, portable media player, mobile phones, video game

consoles, and other wireless devices anywhere in the house without the clutter of cables.

51
Location

The highest percentage of 31.10 indicates that more students living in the urban area

find ease in executing online payments to pay their school fees. Students living in urban

areas have more opportunities to enjoy online services due to easy access. On the other

hand, the lowest percentage of 18.90 shows that rural students find it hard to execute

an online payment. To support the result, a study about urban and rural differences by

TC Hsieh, KC Yang, C Yang, C Yang (2013) states that the metropolitan area segment

comprised a higher proportion of members familiar with using the Internet. The rural

area segment made up a higher proportion of members unfamiliar with the Internet.

Part II. The Level of Perception on the Effectiveness of Online Enrolment

Transactions as Perceived by the Respondents

Table 2

The Level of Perception on the Effectiveness of Online Enrolment Transactions

as Perceived by the Respondents

Indicators Mean Interpretation Rank

A. CONVENIENCE
● Cellular data is needed to access the portal. 3.04 Agree 1
● Unreflect payment leads to the existence of old 2.98 Agree 2
accounts, hindering the approval of enrollment.
● Going to the cashier’s office for approval of 2.96 Agree 3
enrollment since receipts haven't been attached
to the portal is a hassle.
● There are technical problems in attaching proof of 2.63 Agree 4
payments.
● Paying enrollment fees through G-cash, Bank 2.54 Agree 5
Transfer or remittances will take more time than

52
 paying over the counter.
Aggregate Mean 2.83 Agree
B. SECURITY
● When conducting enrollment transactions there's 2.72 Agree 1
always a failure in the systems.
● It's very risky to have an online enrollment 2.61 Agree 2
transaction if there's no validity that your shared
information will be safely guarded.
● Due to lack of security on the transaction of 2.56 Agree 3
enrollment, data information might be stolen.
● There's not enough security like 2.38 Moderately 4
authorization/verification code to verify the user Agree
in transacting enrollment.
● There's an issue every time we do the enrollment 2.32 Moderately 5
transaction in which we cant trace the step which Agree
we were at.
Aggregate Mean 2.52 Agree
C. TRUST
● Late adjustment of account in executing online 2.77 Agree 1
payment will cause pending of enrollment it will
lead to distrust to the system.
● Whenever there are a lot of risks and not enough 2.70 Agree 2
security in enrollment transaction customer will
distrust the transition.
● Depending on telecommunications infrastructure 2.53 Agree 3
Internet and server issues can disable online
payment methods.
● Online payment System has a Low risk of theft 2.51 Agree 4
after processing delays, online payments usually
go straight to you're your account.
● The Online transaction of payment is not trusted 2.41 Moderately 5
or reliable when it comes to paying the Agree
enrollment fee.
Aggregate Mean 2.58 Agree

Convenience

In terms of convenience, as indicated in Table 3, it appears that by using data, students

can update payments and payment status through the portal, which has the highest

mean of 3.04. Students can access the portal anytime, whether they’re on cellular or Wi-

53
Fi or a phone or a laptop. On the other hand, the school accepts online payments and

remittances, and they only accept online applications.

The lowest mean, however, is 2.54 as a result of convenience. It demonstrates that

paying for enrollment through the Internet is not cost-effective for the institution.

Because it takes a long time for the cashier to acknowledge that the payment has been

completed or is successful, the online payment app or remittance system may not be as

quick to deliver to the cashier’s records.

Overall, the calculated aggregate mean was calculated as 2.83, where it is concluded

that convenience is very beneficial in online payment. Indeed, the use of mobile

payment services does reduce not only the overall cost of a transaction but also has a

slow payment service that includes specific challenges in obtaining a significant

consumer base for several reasons, including sending of payment issues and their

inability to cater verification’s right away (Hoofnagle et al. 2012).

Security

As shown in table 3, the highest average answer from customers for online payment

security is 2.72. When conducting enrollment transactions, there’s always a failure in the

systems. When customers were already planning to transact for the enrolment, they

encountered the problem of the security of the systems. These could error in the safety

of the system or not respond because of many users on the day they are planning to

register the payment through the portal.

However, the lowest response of the customers regarding having an online payment has

an issue every time the customers do the enrollment transaction in which they cannot

54
trace the step they were at is 2.32. These give an out view that the average response of

the customer on the last aspect reveals that having online payment is not beneficial for

the customers because the system is not safe throughout the process and location and

could be visible to hackers. Better access and safety for users to adopt mobile payment

methods require flexibility on these systems to be easily integrated into consumers’

transaction feedback. Still, in these cases, the customer also has a crucial time because

of the systems problem, like security.

Overall, the value of the aggregate mean was calculated as 2.52, showing that security

is not beneficial. Security of mobile payment systems and Trust in service providers have

considered the lack of security and consumer trust in service providers a significant

barrier to the adoption of e-commerce transactions. Consumers need confidentiality,

authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation as critical requirements for making

secure payments over the Internet that is reliable and safe to track for customers only

Siau et al. (2014). In addition, it can classify security risks accompanied by mobile

payments as either emerging or traditional. Emerging risks entail using this payment

mode in terrorist funding and money laundering. In contrast, traditional risks involve the

theft of data and services, loss of revenue, customer base, and brand reputation (Mobile

Payments: Risk and Security, 2011).

Trust

As shown in Table 3, we can see in terms of Trust that the highest mean, which has

garnered 2.77, is when the late adjustment of account in executing online payment will

cause pending enrolment, it will lead to distrust of the system. In regards to this, we all

students encountered which it caused delays and at the same time mistrust the system

in managing any transaction.

55
On the other hand, the lowest mean, which garnered the lowest standard of about 2.41,

is when the online payment transaction is not trusted or reliable when it comes to

paying the enrollment fee. Conducting online transactions is a bit risky; simultaneously,

the system can’t be charged, for it can lead to phishing, where the data and information

will be attacked.

In general, the aggregate mean has a total of 2.58. According to Amir Abbas Jarollahi

(2013), the trust level of the customers in the electronic payment system has tried to

find the level trust in online payment. Latter, customers depend on and have doubts

about transacting online, especially when it comes to a significant amount of money to

pay for some transaction. Additionally, Trust is crucial to guarantee acceptance from the

clients, in which they can safely trust all the transactions that they will make in online

payment. Furthermore, the advancements in technology supporting mobile transactions

and making them more convenient and transparent are developing Trust among habitual

customers in employing this mode of payment. This change in customers’ behavior

shows a transition from the traditional to an advanced online payment method apparent

in retailing and banking and nearly all mobile devices.

56
Part III. The Level of Perception on the Effectiveness of Online Tuition Fee
Payment Transactions as Perceived by the Respondents.

This section shows the data on the level of perception of the respondents.

Table 3

The Level of Perception on the Effectiveness of Online Tuition Fee Payment

Transactions as Perceived by the Respondents

Indicators Mean Interpretation Rank

A. CONVENIENCE
● Service charge is expected in paying tuition fees online, Agree 1
especially if you pay thru remittances. 2.78
● You need to have a stable internet connection in paying Agree 2
tuition fees online. 2.76
● The idea of “ you can not be offline in paying tuition fee Moderately Agree 3
online gives discomfort. 2.49
● Using an e-payment in paying tuition fees is a hassle. Moderately Agree 4
2.43
● Payment for tuition in remittance centers sometimes Moderately Agree 5
gets sent to other campuses of the university. 2.26
Aggregate Mean 2.54 Agree
B. SECURITY
● Paying tuition fees in an online system could be a Agree 1
danger to personal information and paying in a physical 2.87
school would be substantial and safe for your account.
● Your e-cash can be stolen by paying online for your Agree 2
tuition. 2.69
● It is prone to phishing sites. Agree 3
2.64
● All communications for paying tuition between mobile Agree 4
applications and the back-end gateways and servers are 2.52
will not encrypt.
● E-payment apps have a lot of viruses. Moderately Agree 5
2.20
Aggregate Mean 2.58 Agree
C. TRUST
● The idea of an unforeseen technical error in executing Agree 1
online payment will lead to a problem. 2.94

57
 ● The online payment system requires more trust, as it is Agree 2
easier to transact because it's cashless. 2.84
● The issue of trust is one of the main concerns of many Agree 3
students and a strong reason for not paying tuition fees 2.76
through an online payment.
● The online payment system does not provide the same Agree 4
opportunity, as a personal transaction when paying a 2.62
tuition fee.
● The online payment system transaction will not Moderately Agree 5
automatically notify me when my payment is already 2.49
reflected in my account.
Aggregate Mean 2.73 Agree

Convenience

As shown in Table 4 concerning Convenience, the highest mean response of the

respondents was 2.78, indicating that students experience service charges when paying

tuition fees by remittance. Remittance is a process of sending or receiving money, but

each transaction has a service charge. The cost is usually added at the time of the

transaction. When collected, these charges may cover services provided to the consumer

or administrative or processing costs. It also shows a problem sometimes when paying

tuition by remittance that is inadvertently sent to other university campuses, which went

to the lowest mean, 2.26. It takes much time to recover their payment with a remittance,

which can cause inconvenience to many students.

However, the lowest mean as a result of convenience was 2.26. It revealed that

payment by remittances for tuition fees is not a suitable payment for the school because

it takes much time to recover their remittance payment and verification from the cashier

to confirm that the payment is done or successful. The remittance system is not that

fast to reflect student payments on cashier records.

The aggregate mean was calculated as 2.54, which is decided to be inconvenient for the

student to pay the tuition fee through online payments such as remittances. Although

58
the online payment method is an efficient and quick method that allows the customers

not only to save much time by avoiding standing in the queue at the bank to transact

money or to go to a specific store and spend much time looking for the wanted product,

it poses a threat of security which is the reason that customers hesitate in using this

new digitized platform of payment, Grégoire, Y., Laufer, D. and Tripp, T.M. (2010).

Security

As shown in Table 4 concerning security, the highest mean response of the respondents

was 2.87, indicating that paying tuition in an online system could be a risk to personal

information, and bearing in a physical school will be significant and secure for their

account. Although strict measures such as symmetrical encryption are in place to make

online payment safe and secure, it is still vulnerable to hacking and Fraud.

However, the lowest mean resulting from security was 2.20, revealing that e-payment

apps have many viruses when transacting a payment. The student’s response about the

safety of the online payment system shows that it is not an appropriate method in terms

of paying fees because even throughout the process, it is not secure.

In general, the aggregate mean was calculated as 2.58, which determined that the

security was not beneficial in terms of payment of fees. Virie project introduces a new

PoS protocol that guarantees users’ safety and is impossible to hack, reducing the

chances of any security breach. Virie market, unlike Amazon or eBay, is nonperishable

and ensures complete privacy. Virgie market allows money transactions in any currency

such as Bitcoin, Yen, Dollars, Pounds, Rupees, and Virie coins. Virie market does not

just trade currencies but also deals services and merchandise. Virie market is very user-

friendly, and the payment method is unique and straightforward, which is easy to use by

59
any customer. It offers a decentralized market that is impossible to shut down, thus,

guaranteeing complete safety, Crypto BTC Mining (2020).

Trust

As shown in Table 4 concerning Trust, the highest mean response of the respondents

garnered 2.94, indicating that the idea of an unforeseen technical error in executing

online payment will lead to a problem. The technical error can always be a problem,

especially for those customers who will pay online; if they make a transaction and it will

happen, there’s where a problem lies within.

However, the lowest mean resulting from Trust garnered 2.49, indicating that the online

payment system transaction will not automatically notify me when my payment is

already reflected in my account. One of the factors why it’s challenging to trace and

update about the receipt of their transaction in paying online will also lead to the

pending enrollment.

In general, the aggregated mean has garnered a total of 2.73. According to Al-Somali et

al. (2009), Trust is more important in online payment because there are more frequent

transactions. This category includes knowledge of important information to the parties

involved in the financial transaction and access to essential files and data sent through

the Internet. Customers transacting online might have a trust issue of making payments

online. Before addressing the issue of customer trust, technical protection must be

designed to reduce such risk must be explored.

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Part IV. Challenges in Online Transactions as perceived by the Respondents

This section shows the data on the perceive challenges experienced by the respondents.

Table 4

Challenges in Online Transactions as perceived by the Respondents

Indicators Frequency Percentage Rank

A. TUITION FEE
● Late Adjustment 45 25.00 1
● Technical Error 44 24.40 2
● Service Charge 42 23.30 3
● Unstable Internet 40 22.20 4
● No offline service 24 13.30 5
● None of these 5 2.80 6
B. ENROLLMENT TRANSACTION
● Portal error 57 31.70 1
● Delayed verification 55 30.60 2
● Device problem 39 21.70 3
● Unreflected attached receipt 28 15.60 4
● Encryption problem 23 12.80 5
● None of these 2 1.10 6

Tuition Fee

As shown in Table 5 with regards to Tuition fees, the highest percentage response of

the respondents is 25.00, which offers:

The late adjustments of account on the payment executed and delayed confirmation of

charge, the highest percentage of 25%. Mostly, students are dependent on the portal to

check their balances for their tuition fees, whether it is payable or a verification

confirming that their payments are cleared. Due to the delay or late adjustment, the

students cannot conclude the exact balance amount in their account. It also shows that

61
2.80 % of students haven’t perceived these challenges mentioned in the table, which

lands the lowest percentage. Perhaps, their experience/s is not that connected directly

to the transmission of the payment, which could be otherwise due to the age differences,

the situation in every location, or it is not directly related to the cashier system.

According to Yee and Abdul Rahman (2010), delay in certification by parties involved

may also cause late payment issues. The parties involved may delay approving the

application for payment claim due to specific reasons that may arise because of his own

or other parties involved.

Enrollment Transaction

As shown in Table 5 with regards to Enrollment transactions, the highest percentage

response of the respondents is 31.70, which offers:

The portal error is an inconvenience to the students when they surf it on their browser

or app of the portal that emphasized to be the highest percentage of 31.70. The school’s

enrollment, whether it is enrollment or transaction, which is the basis of this report, is

directly connected to the portal itself. Latter, the error may trigger because of the

internet connection, or the system shutdowns because of the system’s irregularities that

may sometimes cause. It also shows that 1.10 % of students haven’t perceived these

kinds of challenges mentioned in the table, which lands the lowest percentage. Possibly,

their experience/s are not that connected directly to the transmission of the payment,

which could be otherwise. Other students have not perceived any challenges mentioned

in the table. Odero, T. A. and Dr. Oloko, M. A,(2013) mentioned in their study the

respondents challenges experienced during online registration of KCSE examination. The

respondents cited the challenges as Pin rejection, no feature to go back, log in difficulty.

62
Other notable challenges included Portal does not identify them, inability to attach

picture, failure to save page, portal cannot modify registration of courses and course

codes not matching course titles. These challenges were also encountered “to a little

extent”.The small difficulties they experience in Pin rejection, no feature to go back, log

in difficulty would also be due to internet and portal failure due to congestion.

Part V. Significant Relationship between Respondent Profile and College

Students’ Perceptions on the Effectiveness of the Online Payment System

This section shows the data on the significant relationship between the respondents

profile and perception on the effectiveness of the online payment system.

Table 5

Significant Relationship between Respondent Profile and College Students'

Perceptions on the Effectiveness of the Online Payment System

Variables Computed df Critical Significance Result

Chi-Square Value
A. Age
Tuition Fee
● CONVENIENCE 24.343a 28 41.337 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 31.396 a
28 41.337 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 19.293a 26 38.885 Not Significant Ho Accepted
Enrolment Transaction
● CONVENIENCE 15.165a 24 36.415 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 15.260 a
22 33.924 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 23.062a 26 38.885 Not Significant Ho Accepted
B. Gender
Tuition Fee 14.553a 14 23.685 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● CONVENIENCE 16.050a 14 23.685 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 8.375a 13 22.362 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST
Enrolment Transaction 17.363a 12 21.026 Not Significant Ho Accepted

63
 ● CONVENIENCE 11.241a 11 19.675 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 8.961a 13 22.362 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 11.241a
11 19.675 Not Significant Ho Accepted
C. Year Level
Tuition Fee
● CONVENIENCE 33.843a 42 58.124 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 43.744a 42 58.124 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 26.360a
39 54.572 Not Significant Ho Accepted
Enrolment Transaction
● CONVENIENCE 47.044a 36 50.998 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 25.382a 33 47.400 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 54.254a
39 54.572 Not Significant Ho Accepted
D. College Department
Tuition Fee
● CONVENIENCE 120.486a 112 137.701 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 118.252a 112 137.701 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 117.110 a
104 128.804 Not Significant Ho Accepted
Enrolment Transaction
● CONVENIENCE 103.391a 96 119.871 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 69.006a 88 110.898 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 109.651 a
104 128.804 Not Significant Ho Accepted
E. Classification
Tuition Fee
● CONVENIENCE 23.032a 28 41.337 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 36.349a 28 41.337 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 23.118a
26 38.885 Not Significant Ho Accepted
Enrolment Transaction
● CONVENIENCE 18.659a 24 36.415 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 14.467a 22 33.924 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 39.736a
26 38.885 Not Significant Ho Accepted
F. Internet
Tuition Fee
● CONVENIENCE 6.806a 14 23.685 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 14.226a 14 23.685 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 11.751a
13 22.362 Not Significant Ho Accepted
Enrolment Transaction
● CONVENIENCE 15.721a 12 21.026 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 15.616a 11 19.675 Not Significant Ho Accepted

64
 ● TRUST 11.498a 13 22.362 Not Significant Ho Accepted
G. Location
Tuition Fee
● CONVENIENCE 8.883a 14 23.685 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 14.380 a
14 23.685 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 10.536 a
13 22.362 Not Significant Ho Accepted
Enrolment Transaction
● CONVENIENCE 15.938a 12 21.026 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● SECURITY 6.509a
11 19.675 Not Significant Ho Accepted
● TRUST 12.147 a
13 22.362 Not Significant Ho Accepted

Table 6 shows the significant association between respondents’ age, gender, year level,

college department, classification, internet connection, location, and attitude toward

online payment systems. According to the data gathered, there is no significant link

between Respondent Profile and their perception of the Online Payment System’s

Effectiveness. As a result, it has been discovered that those who use online payment

have no relationship to their profile. A study by Ming-yen (2013) says that it is also

possible to include the exogenous factors which may attenuate the relationship between

the independent and dependent variables, and this includes correlating the demographic

profiles of the respondents with the factors influencing consumers’ perception of e-

payment so that appropriate target markets can be identified, this backs up the

conclusions.

65
Part VI. Significant Difference in the Respondents’ Responses on the
Effectiveness of the Online Payment System on Enrolment and Tuition Fee
Payment Transaction

This section shows the data on the significant deference between the respondents

responses towards students perception on the effectiveness of the online payment

system on Enrollment and Tuition fee payment transaction.

Table 6

Significant Difference in the Respondents’ Responses on the Effectiveness of

the Online Payment System on Enrolment and Tuition Fee Payment
Transaction

Indicators df t-Statistics t-Critical p-Value Decision Interpretation

on Ho
Tuition Fee vs.
Enrolment 178 -0.401 1.960 0.668 Ho Accepted Not Significant
Transactions

Table 7 shows the significant relationship between the Respondent’s responses and their

perception of the Effectiveness of the Online payment system on Enrollment and Tuition

Fee Payment Transactions. According to the data gathered, there is no significant

difference between Respondent responses and College Students’ Perceptions of the

Online Payment System’s Effectiveness as Enrollment and Tuition Fee Payment

Transaction. It has led to the conclusion that what may they be regardless of what

position they are possessed. Thus, everyone who uses online payment or a system has

always had unexpected situations like the portal being shut down without notice to their

66
users, students. The findings supported by Computer digitalization which is now marked

as one of the greatest inventions that an educational institution can have is the only

solution. If truth be told, computers are no longer used only for computation but also to

communicate and disseminate essential information as technology has evolved. The

advanced and abrupt shifting of enrollment system enhancement from traditional to

more sophisticated online platforms to embrace the new everyday challenge of the

operation management, communication management, and functional management of

the university, Custodio and Castro (2016). Payment applications are becoming

increasingly relevant in the current scenario as our economy progresses. The study’s key

finding is that respondents, regardless of geographical location, are happy using the

service offered by the payment apps. From the current report, we suggest that payment

apps must give priority to the safety and security of the wallets of the consumer, Hegde

(2021).

67
 CHAPTER 3

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary, findings, conclusions, and recommendations

based on the result of the study.

SUMMARY

This investigation aimed to determine the College Students' perception of the

Effectiveness of the Online Payment System at the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and

Mandaue for the first semester of the Academic year 2021-2022. The results of this

investigation were the basis of the proposed action plan. Specifically, the study aimed to

answer the following questions:

1. What was the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1. gender;

1.2. age;

1.3. year level;

1.4. College Department;

1.5. classification?

1.6. available internet connection; and

1.7. location

2. What were the students' perceptions of the effectiveness of the online payment

at the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue :

2.1. Enrollment Transaction

2.1.1.convenience;

68
 2.1.2. security; and

2.1.3. trust

2.2. Tuition Fee

2.2.1.convenience;

2.2.2. security; and

2.2.3. trust

3. What were the perceived challenges they encountered in terms of

3.1. Enrollment

3.2. Tuition Fee

4. Was there a significant relationship between respondent profile and college students'
perceptions on the effectiveness of the online payment system at the University of Cebu
Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue?

5. Was there a significant difference in the respondents’ responses in the perception of

the students on the effectiveness of the online payment system at the University of
Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue?

6. Based on the findings, what was the proposed plan?

69
 This study applied the quantitative research method using the quantitative data.

The researchers conducted the study on college students who used online payment

modalities to pay their tuition or enrollment fees at the University at Lapu-Lapu City and

Mandaue. A total of 90 respondents were ten (10) in College of Computer Studies, ten

(10) in College of Criminology, ten (10) in College of Customs Administration, ten (10) in

Allied Engineering, ten (10) in College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, ten (10)

in College of Maritime Education, ten (10) in College of Business and Accountancy, ten

(10) in College of Nursing, and ten (10) in Teacher Education. The researchers used a

researcher-devised questionnaire to gather the data. The pilot testing was conducted

among 3 (3) in the College of Computer Studies, 3 (3) in College of Criminology, 3 (3) in

the College of Customs Administration, 3 (3) in Allied Engineering, 3 (3)in College of

Hospitality and Tourism Management, 3 (3) in College of Maritime Education, 3 (3) in

College of Business and Accountancy, 3 (3) in College of Nursing, and 3 (3) in Teacher

Education for one week. The research tools were applied to treat the quantitative data

of this study. The researchers used frequency and percentage to analyze the profile of

the respondents and the weighted mean to analyze the data on the respondent's

perceptions. The researchers also tested the significant relationship between

respondents' profiles and College students' perceptions of the effectiveness of the online

payment system. Lastly, the researchers used the Chi-square test of independence to

determine the significant difference in the Respondents’ Responses on the Effectiveness

of the online Payment System on Enrollment and Tuition Fee Payment Transactions. The

researchers explained the study's objective to the respondents and asked if they were

willing to participate in the investigation to keep the researchers from violating the

participants' rights. The confidentiality of the data and information was also to be

70
ensured by the researchers. The data were gathered firsthand from the qualified

research participants for the criteria.

FINDINGS

1. Based on the data gathered, the persons aged 22 to 24 were the most likely to

use an online payment method, accounting for 30 percent of the total. In terms of

gender, females were more likely than males to use an online payment method. In

terms of year level, third-year students were the most likely to use online banking

services (18.90%). Latter, for the College departments, the survey gathered all courses

from the institution with a percentage of 5.60. In terms of classification, ordinary

students had the highest percentage of using an online payment system, with 33.30

percent. Regarding Internet Connection, it referred to students using an online payment

system in their transactions over the wireless network or Wi-Fi, with a higher percentage

of 27.20 percent. Furthermore, the urban group was most likely the source of the most

online payment system users, accounting for approximately 31.10 percent of

subscribers/students.

2. The level of perception towards online payment systems in terms of Convenience

as perceived by the respondents had an aggregate mean of 2.83 percent, implying it

was not very beneficial to an online payment system. While Security, the aggregate

mean is 2.52 percent, which is not that beneficial. Furthermore, in Trust, the aggregate

means is 2.58 percent, indicating that it is not beneficial.

3. Most of the students perceived Late Adjustment as the most significant challenge

they encountered in online payment systems regarding Tuition Fees. In terms of

71
Enrollment Transactions, most of them perceived the Portal Error as the most common

problem they encountered when having a transaction.

4. The collected data results revealed no significant relationship between

Respondent Profile and their perception of the effectiveness of Online Payment Systems.

5. The collected data results revealed no significant difference between

Respondents' Responses in the students' perception of the effectiveness of the Online

Payment System for Enrollment and Tuition Fee Payment Transaction.

CONCLUSIONS

The majority of those who used the online payment system are females aged 22

to 24 and are third-year students in terms of course. Students may be encouraged to

use an online payment system if they have access to Wi-Fi or a data connection.

Convenience and problem characteristics of online payment were regarded more by

older customers than younger customers. Aside from that, urban areas were more

progressive in online payment systems, whereas rural areas were less likely to use

online payment.

The online payment system is not very beneficial to customers since it is not easy

and is not convenient for students to do transactions, such as paying tuition while

waiting. Students had cases they could not access their transaction history and receipt

through the online app. Students need to go to the school cashier to complete the

transaction, so they cannot do it anywhere they want.

72
 Many problems and challenges tend to occur in online transactions; with this,

most the students perceive delays in adjustment and having portal errors as the biggest

and most common problems in terms of Tuition fees and Enrollment fees as they make

payments and transactions online.

Their usage or attitudes toward online payment are unrelated to their

demographic profile. Regardless of age, gender, location, year level, or access to the

internet. Later, they are concerned about how the online payment mechanism would

assist them or exacerbate their problem.

The systems' online payment problems are the same whether the transaction is

for enrollment or tuition. Regardless of the varied profiles of students, it gathered or

caused an inconvenience in some areas of the services offered for online school

payment, enrollment transaction, and shared tuition transaction, the students'

sentiments of the online payment system.

73
 RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, the following are recommended:

1. That the future researchers will undertake the following research topics:

1.1 CONVENIENCE

The payment system of the University continues to provide efficiency for the students in

paying their tuition fees.

1.2 SECURITY

Ensure no exposure to the students' account numbers and other private details.

1.3 TRUST

Ensure the students' payments would be reflected both in their accounts and in their

portal.

2. That the concerned entities will adopt the action plan.

74
 PROPOSED OUTPUT

Rationale

Technology has influenced every corner of society, and nowadays, online is the

new normal. Most people resort to online transactions since they find it more convenient.

Universities took advantage of this opportunity and adapted the method of online

payment systems. Banks, remittance centers, and payment kiosks are the traditional

payment methods schools use these days.

Based on the analyzed data, the researchers contemplated measures to improve

the University's payment system to address the problems that the students encounter

and change their perception of its effectiveness. As perceived by the students, the late

adjustment under the tuition fee transaction and the portal error under the enrollment

transaction was the most inconvenient challenge they encountered. These two

challenges are needed to be paid more attention to by the departments concerned.

Otherwise, students will not perceive the payment

system as practical.

Overall, the researchers proposed an action plan to improve the University's

payment system. The University should develop a Convenient, secure, and trustworthy

payment system to ensure an effective payment system.

75
 Proposed Online Payment System Action Plan

STRATEGIES/ AREAS
KEY RESULT AREAS OBJECTIVES
ACTIVITIES CONCERNED

Continue providing
different payment
methods to be flexible
for students living in
an urban or rural area.
Also, please provide
the information
needed in their
transactions by being
active on Facebook
pages, email, and
landline numbers.
To provide Always provide the
accessible and correct instructions - Cashier
CONVENIENCE hassle-free like sending their
Department
payment methods proof of payments
to students. through email to fix
the acknowledgment
delay and reflection of
their payments.

Also, the researchers

suggest that the
cashier could use SMS
for the offline version
to send the details or
balance of the
student's payables,
whether it is tuition or
enrollment category.

Ensure confidentiality
To ensure safe of their bank account - Cashier
transactions and information; if
SECURITY
privacy of possible, let students Department
information. crop the area of their
account number when
they screenshot their

76
 proof of payment so
that no private
information is leaked
by the University when
they send it through
email.

The researchers also

suggest making the
information safer by
using VPN.

Check emails daily and

acknowledge the proof
of payments of
students and, if
possible, create a list
of checked emails for
each day to make it
easier to enter
To assure
students that their payments accordingly.
accounts and Update the students'  - Cashier
portal will reflect portal by checking
Department and
their payments their reflected
TRUST
made. payments promptly.
- Accounting
Department
The researchers also
suggest that the
cashier and
accounting
department provide
Google forms for the
students to support
their concerns and be
safe from phishing
sites.

77
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https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnuxmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2598704/no.ntnu%3Ainsp

era%3A1763954.pdf?sequence=1 Zhao, Z. (2019). Cashless

Zhou, T. (2013), “An empirical examination of continuance intention of mobile payment

services”, Decision Support Systems, Vol. 54 No. 2, pp. 1085-1091.

91
 APPENDIX A

Transmittal Letter

March 01, 2022

Dear Respondents

Good day!

The undersigned is currently enrolled as a third-year and fourth-year student in

the College of Business and Accountancy program of the University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu
and Mandaue, taking up a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration major in
Management Accounting. In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject BA
410 - Business Research, we are required to accomplish research on a topic related to
relevant issues in your department, the College of Business and Accountancy, Computer
Studies, Criminology, Customs Administration, Allied Engineering, Maritime Education,
Nursing, Teacher Education, Hospitality and Tourism Management.

In this regard, we humbly ask permission from your good office to conduct a research
study entitled "College Students' Perception Of The Effectiveness Of The Online
Payment System In The University Of Cebu Lapu-Lapu And Mandaue”.

Rest assured that the gathered data will be kept strictly confidential.

Hoping for your positive response.

92
Respectfully yours,

Marichu A. Benaro
Lead Researcher

Noted by:

Giovanni C. Roxas,DBA
Research Adviser

Ily E. Abella,DM
Dean, College of Business and Accountancy

93
 APPENDIX B

Survey Questionnaire

Survey On The College Students' in University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue.

The researcher used the researcher-devised questionnaire to gather the data. The online

survey questionnaire consists of three (3) sections where section 1 gathers the profile of

the respondents and section 2 gathers the data as to respondents' perception of the

Online Payment System and section 3 gathers the data as to respondents perceived

challenges in online payment as to tuition fee and enrollment fee.

Note that this questionnaire is subjective, and there is no right or wrong answer.

It will only take 5 to 10 minutes to answer. It assumed that any shared information

within the survey would remain confidential. Your deliberation and cooperation are

highly appreciated.

I. STUDENT’S PROFILE

Name: (Optional)

CATEGORY OPTION CATEGORY

OPTION BY
CHOOSING YOUR
ANSWERS, PUT
(✓) HERE
GENDER Female

Male

AGE 18 to 21 years old

22 to 24 years old

94
 25 years old and above

YEAR LEVEL First Year

Second Year

Third Year

Fourth Year

COLLEGE DEPARTMENT Allied Engineering

Business and Accountancy

Computer Studies

Criminology

Customs Administration

Hospitality and Tourism

Management
Maritime Education

Nursing

Teacher Education

CLASSIFICATION Regular Student

Working Student

Irregular Student

AVAILABLE INTERNET Prepaid Load (Data Connection)

CONNECTION Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi Connection)

LOCATION Urban

Rural

95
 II. The Applied following mean range to determine the extent of manifestation of

the respondents’ perception towards the online payments systems where the following:

RATING SCALE RESPONSE CATEGORY INTERPRETATION

4 STRONGLY AGREE It implies that the respondent

affirms that all online
payment system is not
sufficient to the satisfaction of
the payers.
3 AGREE It implies that the respondent
affirms that in many instances
online payment system is not
sufficient to the satisfaction of
the payers.
2 MODERATELY AGREE It implies that the respondent
affirms in many instances that
an online payment system is
viably agreeable to payers.
1 DISAGREE It implies that the respondent
affirms that all online
payment system is viably
agreeable to payers

To the provided checkmark row, please put a checkmark (✓) for your information and

deliberately answer your perception about the Tuition fee transactions and Enrollment

fee transactions, the indicators are under Convenience, Trust, and Security.

96
TUITION FEE TRANSACTIONS

CONVENIENCE

INDICATORS SA A MA D
3. Using an e-payment to pay tuition fees is a hassle.

2. Payment for tuition in remittance centers sometimes

gets sent to other campuses of the University.

3. The idea of “ you can not be offline paying tuition

fees online gives discomfort.
4. Service charge is expected in paying tuition fees
online, especially if you pay thru remittances.
5. You need to have a stable internet connection in
paying tuition fees online.

SECURITY

INDICATORS SA A MA D
1. Paying tuition fees in an online system could be a
danger to personal information than paying in a physical
school would be substantial and safe for your account.

2. Your e-cash can be stolen by paying online for your

tuition.
3. It is prone to phishing sites.

4. All communications for paying tuition between mobile

applications and the back-end gateways and servers are
will not encrypt.
5. E-payment apps have a lot of viruses.

97
TRUST

INDICATORS SA A MA D

4. The idea of an unforeseen technical error in executing

online payment will lead to a problem.
5. The online payment system transaction will not
automatically notify me when my payment is already
reflected in my account.
6. The online payment system requires more trust, as it
is easier to transact because it's cashless.

5. The online payment system does not provide the

same opportunity, as a personal transaction when
paying a tuition fee.
5. The issue of trust is one of the main concerns of
many students and a strong reason for not paying
tuition fees through an online payment.

ENROLLMENT TRANSACTION

CONVENIENCE

INDICATORS SA A MA D

2. Going to the cashier’s office for approval of enrollment

since receipts haven't been attached in the portal is a
hassle.
4. Paying enrollment fees through G-cash, Bank Transfer
or remittances will take more time than paying over the
counter.

3. There are technical problems in attaching proof of

payments.

4. Cellular data is needed to access the portal.

98
 5. Unreflect payments lead to the existence of old

accounts, hindering the approval of enrollment.

SECURITY

INDICATORS SA A MA D

1. When conducting enrollment transactions there's

always a failure in the systems.
2. Due to lack of security on the transaction of
enrollment, data information might be stolen.
3. There's not enough security like
authorization/verification code to verify the user in
transacting enrollment.
4. It's very risky to have an online enrollment
transaction if there's no validity that your shared
information will be safely guarded.
5. There's an issue every time we do the enrollment
transaction in which we cant trace the step which we
were at.

TRUST

INDICATORS SA A MA D

1. The Online transaction of payment is not trusted or

reliable when it comes to paying the enrollment fee.
2. Depending on telecommunications infrastructure
Internet and server issues can disable online payment
methods.
3. Online payment System has a Low risk of theft after
processing delays, online payments usually go straight to
you're your account.

99
4. Whenever there are a lot of risks and not enough
security in enrollment transaction customer will distrust
the transition.
5. Late adjustment of account in executing online
payment will cause pending of enrollment it will lead to
distrust to the system.

II. Please put a check mark (✓) as many as you can below on the general situation

that connects to the perceived challenges you have experienced in using the online

payment for paying tuition fee and enrollment fee.

TUITION FEE

Service Charge

Late Adjustment

Technical Error

Stable Internet

No offline service

None of these

100
ENROLLMENT FEE TRANSACTION

Device problem

Delayed verification

Portal error

Encryption problem

Unreflected attached receipt

None of these

101
 APPENDIX C
Pilot Testing Results using SPSS Software

RELIABILITY

/VARIABLES=VAR00001 VAR00002 VAR00003 VAR00004 VAR00005 VAR00006

VAR00007 VAR00008 VAR00009 VAR00010 VAR00011 VAR00012 VAR00013 VAR00014
VAR00015 VAR00016VAR00017 VAR00019 VAR00020 VAR00021 VAR00022 VAR00023
VAR00024 VAR00025 VAR00026VAR00027 VAR00028 VAR00029 VAR00030

/SCALE('ALL VARIABLES') ALL

/MODEL=ALPHA

/STATISTICS=DESCRIPTIVE SCALE
/SUMMARY=TOTAL.

102
 Mean Std. Deviation N

VAR00001 2.5185 .93522 27

VAR00002 2.4074 1.00992 27
VAR00003 2.2963 .91209 27
VAR00004 2.4074 .93064 27
VAR00005 2.5926 .84395 27
VAR00006 2.9259 .95780 27
VAR00007 2.5556 1.01274 27
VAR00008 2.4074 .93064 27
VAR00009 2.4074 .97109 27
VAR00010 2.2963 .82345 27
VAR00011 2.5926 .88835 27
VAR00012 2.2963 .72403 27
VAR00013 2.5556 .84732 27
VAR00014 2.3704 .88353 27
VAR00015 2.7037 .99285 27
VAR00016 2.7778 .69798 27
VAR00017 2.7778 .97402 27
VAR00019 2.7778 1.08604 27
VAR00020 2.8519 .94883 27
VAR00021 2.6667 .67937 27
VAR00022 2.7037 .86890 27
VAR00023 2.5926 .93064 27

103
 VAR00024 2.5926 .93064 27
VAR00025 2.5556 .69798 27
VAR00026 2.4815 .93522 27
VAR00027 2.5185 .89315 27
VAR00028 2.3333 .91987 27
VAR00029 2.4444 1.12090 27
VAR00030 2.5556 1.05003 27

Item-Total Statistics

Scale Mean if Scale Variance if Corrected Cronbach's

Item Deleted Item Deleted Item-Total Alpha if Item
Correlation Deleted
VAR00001 71.4444 91.718 .115 .771
VAR00002 71.5556 97.026 -.171 .788
VAR00003 71.6667 91.769 .117 .771
VAR00004 71.5556 90.256 .200 .767
VAR00005 71.3704 83.165 .700 .742
VAR00006 71.0370 93.422 .017 .777
VAR00007 71.4074 87.481 .324 .760
VAR00008 71.5556 83.026 .634 .744
VAR00009 71.5556 88.256 .299 .762
VAR00010 71.6667 87.462 .423 .756
VAR00011 71.3704 88.858 .299 .762
VAR00012 71.6667 92.231 .136 .769
VAR00013 71.4074 88.328 .352 .759
VAR00014 71.5926 85.866 .489 .752
VAR00015 71.2593 84.738 .488 .751
VAR00016 71.1852 97.080 -.212 .782
VAR00017 71.1852 86.464 .400 .756
VAR00019 71.1852 86.080 .367 .758
VAR00020 71.1111 84.641 .522 .750
VAR00021 71.2963 90.063 .320 .762
VAR00022 71.2593 88.507 .330 .760
VAR00023 71.3704 89.704 .232 .765
VAR00024 71.3704 89.396 .249 .764

104
VAR00025 71.4074 92.635 .114 .770

VAR00026 71.4815 89.798 .225 .766

VAR00027 71.4444 87.487 .381 .758
VAR00028 71.6296 90.550 .186 .768
VAR00029 71.5185 85.721 .370 .758
VAR00030 71.4074 88.251 .269 .764
Scale Statistics

Mean Variance Std. Deviation

N of Items 73.9630
94.652 9.72895
29

Prepared by:

KINGIE G. MICABALO, D.B.A., CMITAP

University of Cebu Lapu-lapu and MandaueMobile #:
0931-124-8860
Researcher ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4179-2086

105
 APPENDIX D
Statistical Results using SPSS Software

Statistical Results using

SPSS Software
FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=gender age year_level college_department
classificationinternet_connection location
/STATISTICS=STDDEV MEAN
/ORDER=ANALYSIS.
Frequencies
Statistics

gender age year level college classification internet

department connection
Valid 90 90 90 90 90 90
N
Missing 90 90 90 90 90 90
Mean 1.5222 1.6222 2.8556 5.0000 1.4778 1.5444
Std. Deviation .50230 .51007 1.08681 2.59645 .73786 .50081
Statistics

location

Valid 90
N
Missing 90
Mean 1.3778
Std. Deviation .48755

Frequency Table
gender
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
male 43 23.9 47.8 47.8

Valid female 47 26.1 52.2 100.0

Total 90 50.0 100.0

Missing System 90 50.0

Total 180 100.0

age

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
18 to 21 35 19.4 38.9 38.9
22 to 24 54 30.0 60.0 98.9
Valid
25 and above 1 .6 1.1 100.0

106
 Total 90 50.0 100.0

Missing System 90 50.0

Total 180 100.0

year level
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1st year 17 9.4 18.9 18.9
2nd year 9 5.0 10.0 28.9

Valid 3rd year 34 18.9 37.8 66.7

4th year 30 16.7 33.3 100.0

Total 90 50.0 100.0

Missing System 90 50.0

Total 180 100.0

college department

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Allied Engineering 10 5.6 11.1 11.1

Business and Accountancy 10 5.6 11.1 22.2
Valid Computer Studies 10 5.6 11.1 33.3
Criminology 10 5.6 11.1 44.4
Customs Administration 10 5.6 11.1 55.6
Hospitality and Tourism 10 5.6 11.1 66.7
Management
Maritime Education
10 5.6 11.1 77.8
Nursing
10 5.6 11.1 88.9
Teacher Education
10 5.6 11.1 100.0

Total
90 50.0 100.0

Missing System
90 50.0

Total 180 100.0

107
 classification
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Regular 60 33.3 66.7 66.7
Irregular 17 9.4 18.9 85.6
Valid
Working 13 7.2 14.4 100.0

Total 90 50.0 100.0

Missing System 90 50.0

Total 180 100.0

internet connection

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
Prepaid Load (Cellular Data) 41 22.8 45.6 45.6
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi 49 27.2 54.4 100.0
Valid
Connection)

Total 90 50.0 100.0

Missing System 90 50.0

Total 180 100.0

location
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Urban 56 31.1 62.2 62.2
Valid Rural 34 18.9 37.8 100.0

Total 90 50.0 100.0

Missing System 90 50.0

Total 180 100.0

DESCRIPTIVES VARIABLES=tv1 tv2 tv3 tv4 tv5 s1 s2 s3 s4 s5 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5

ev1 ev2ev3 ev4 ev5 es1 es2 es3 es4 es5 et1 et2 et3 et4 et5

/STATISTICS=MEAN STDDEV MIN MAX.

108
Descriptives

Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

tv1 90 1.00 4.00 2.4333 .96045

tv2 90 1.00 4.00 2.2556 1.03382
tv3 90 1.00 4.00 2.4889 .88995
tv4 90 1.00 4.00 2.7778 1.00312
tv5 90 1.00 4.00 2.7556 .99788
s1 90 1.00 4.00 2.8667 .88939
s2 90 1.00 4.00 2.6889 1.02381
s3 90 1.00 4.00 2.6444 .93989
s4 90 1.00 4.00 2.5222 .91465
s5 90 1.00 4.00 2.2000 .88939
t1 90 1.00 4.00 2.9444 .85277
t2 90 1.00 4.00 2.4889 .90249
t3 90 1.00 4.00 2.8444 .87295
t4 90 1.00 4.00 2.6222 .85562
t5 90 1.00 4.00 2.7556 .99788
ev1 90 1.00 4.00 2.9556 .81985
ev2 90 1.00 4.00 2.5444 1.06170
ev3 90 1.00 4.00 2.6333 1.03261
ev4 90 1.00 4.00 3.0444 .99336
ev5 90 1.00 4.00 2.9778 .98275
es1 90 1.00 4.00 2.7222 .77934
es2 90 1.00 4.00 2.5556 .94941
es3 90 1.00 4.00 2.3778 .86865
es4 90 1.00 4.00 2.6111 .88298
es5 90 1.00 4.00 2.3222 .83232
et1 90 1.00 4.00 2.4111 .97028
et2 90 1.00 4.00 2.5333 .88939
et3 90 1.00 4.00 2.5111 .87723
et4 90 1.00 4.00 2.7000 .89254
et5 90 1.00 4.00 2.7667 .93676

Valid N (listwise) 90

109
 FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=ct1 ct2 ct3 ct4 ct5 ct6 ce1 ce2 ce3 ce4 ce5 ce6

/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

Frequencies

Statistics

ct1 ct2 ct3 ct4 ct5 ct6 ce1

Valid 42 45 44 40 24 180 180

N
Missing 138 135 136 140 156 0 0
Statistics

ce2 ce3 ce4 ce5 ce6

Valid 55 57 180 28 180

N
Missing 125 123 0 152 0

Frequency Table
ct1

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
Valid count 42 23.3 100.0 100.0

Missing System 138 76.7

Total 180 100.0

ct2

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
Valid count 45 25.0 100.0 100.0

Missing System 135 75.0

Total 180 100.0

ct3

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
Valid count 44 24.4 100.0 100.0

Missing System 136 75.6

Total 180 100.0

ct4
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid count 40 22.2 100.0 100.0

Missing System 140 77.8

110
 Total 180 100.0

ct5

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
Valid count 24 13.3 100.0 100.0

Missing System 156 86.7

Total 180 100.0

ct6
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent

175 97.2 97.2 97.2

Valid 1 5 2.8 2.8 100.0

Total 180 100.0 100.0

ce1

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

141 78.3 78.3 78.3

Valid 1 39 21.7 21.7 100.0

Total 180 100.0 100.0

ce2

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
Valid 1.00 55 30.6 100.0 100.0

Missing System 125 69.4

Total 180 100.0

ce3
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid 1.00 57 31.7 100.0 100.0

Missing System 123 68.3

Total 180 100.0

ce4

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent
157 87.2 87.2 87.2

Valid 1 23 12.8 12.8 100.0

Total 180 100.0 100.0

111
 ce5
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid 1.00 28 15.6 100.0 100.0

Missing System 152 84.4

Total 180 100.0

ce6

FrequencyPercent Valid PercentCumulative

Percent

178 98.9 98.9 98.9

Valid 1 2 1.1 1.1 100.0

Total 180 100.0 100.0

ROSSTABS

/TABLES=gender age year_level college_department classification

internet_connection location BY TC_TOTAL TS_TOTAL TT_TOTAL
EC_TOTAL ES_TOTALET_TOTAL
/FORMAT=AVALUE TABLES
/STATISTICS=CHISQ PHI
/CELLS=COUNT
/COUNT ROUND CELL.
Crosstabs

gender * TC_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 14.553a 14 .409
Likelihood Ratio 16.704 14 .272
Linear-by-Linear Association .167 1 .683

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .402 .409

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .402 .409

N of Valid Cases 90

112
gender * TS_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 16.050a 14 .310
Likelihood Ratio 18.596 14 .181
Linear-by-Linear Association .545 1 .460

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .422 .310

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .422 .310

N of Valid Cases 90

gender * TT_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 8.375a 13 .818
Likelihood Ratio 10.060 13 .689
Linear-by-Linear Association .318 1 .573

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .305 .818

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .305 .818

N of Valid Cases 90

113
gender * EC_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 17.363a 12 .136

Likelihood Ratio 20.924 12 .052
Linear-by-Linear Association 3.441 1 .064

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures
Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .439 .136

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .439 .136

N of Valid Cases 90

gender * ES_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 11.241a 11 .423

Likelihood Ratio 12.648 11 .317
Linear-by-Linear Association .375 1 .541

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .353 .423

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .353 .423

N of Valid Cases 90

114
gender * ET_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 8.961a 13 .776
Likelihood Ratio 10.957 13 .614
Linear-by-Linear Association .069 1 .793

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .316 .776

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .316 .776

N of Valid Cases 90

age*TC_TOTAL
Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 24.343a 28 .663
Likelihood Ratio 25.732 28 .588
Linear-by-Linear Association .008 1 .930

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .520 .663

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .368 .663

N of Valid Cases 90

115
age*TS_TOTAL
Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 31.396a 28 .300
Likelihood Ratio 21.703 28 .795
Linear-by-Linear Association .009 1 .924

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures
Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .591 .300

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .418 .300

N of Valid Cases 90

age*TT_TOTAL
Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 19.293a 26 .824
Likelihood Ratio 20.560 26 .764
Linear-by-Linear Association 2.383 1 .123

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .463 .824

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .327 .824

N of Valid Cases 90

age * EC_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

116
 Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 15.165a 24 .916
Likelihood Ratio 10.440 24 .992
Linear-by-Linear Association .146 1 .703

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .410 .916

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .290 .916

N of Valid Cases 90

age*ES_TOTAL
Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 15.260a 22 .851
Likelihood Ratio 15.813 22 .825
Linear-by-Linear Association .056 1 .812

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures
Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .412 .851

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .291 .851

N of Valid Cases 90

age * ET_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 23.062a 26 .629
Likelihood Ratio 25.244 26 .505
Linear-by-Linear Association .113 1 .737

N of Valid Cases 90

117
 Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .506 .629

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .358 .629

N of Valid Cases 90

year level * TC_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 33.843a 42 .811
Likelihood Ratio 38.010 42 .647
Linear-by-Linear Association .246 1 .620

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .613 .811

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .354 .811

N of Valid Cases 90

year level * TS_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 43.744a 42 .397
Likelihood Ratio 45.318 42 .335
Linear-by-Linear Association .245 1 .621

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .697 .397

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .403 .397

N of Valid Cases 90

118
year level * TT_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 26.360a 39 .939

Likelihood Ratio 32.520 39 .759
Linear-by-Linear Association .670 1 .413

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .541 .939

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .312 .939

N of Valid Cases 90

year level * EC_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 47.044a 36 .103
Likelihood Ratio 50.803 36 .052
Linear-by-Linear Association 6.807 1 .009

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .723 .103

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .417 .103

N of Valid Cases 90

year level * ES_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 25.382a 33 .826
Likelihood Ratio 32.599 33 .487

119
 Linear-by-Linear Association .217 1 .641

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .531 .826

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .307 .826

N of Valid Cases 90

year level * ET_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 54.254a 39 .053
Likelihood Ratio 49.596 39 .119
Linear-by-Linear Association .005 1 .943

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .776 .053

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .448 .053

N of Valid Cases 90

college department * TC_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 120.486a 112 .275

Likelihood Ratio 113.291 112 .448
Linear-by-Linear Association .714 1 .398

N of Valid Cases 90

120
 Symmetric Measures
Value Approx. Sig.

Phi 1.157 .275

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .409 .275

N of Valid Cases 90

college department * TS_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 118.252a 112 .325
Likelihood Ratio 118.976 112 .308
Linear-by-Linear Association .005 1 .945

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi 1.146 .325

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .405 .325

N of Valid Cases 90

college department * TT_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 117.110a 104 .179
Likelihood Ratio 122.571 104 .103
Linear-by-Linear Association .983 1 .321

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi 1.141 .179

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .403 .179

N of Valid Cases 90

121
college department * EC_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 103.391a 96 .285
Likelihood Ratio 107.078 96 .207
Linear-by-Linear Association 1.739 1 .187

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi 1.072 .285

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .379 .285

N of Valid Cases 90

college department * ES_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 69.006a 88 .933

Likelihood Ratio 75.047 88 .836
Linear-by-Linear Association .029 1 .865

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures
Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .876 .933

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .310 .933

N of Valid Cases 90

122
college department * ET_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 109.651a 104 .333
Likelihood Ratio 99.066 104 .618
Linear-by-Linear Association .180 1 .671

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi 1.104 .333

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .390 .333

N of Valid Cases 90

classification * TC_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 23.032a 28 .731
Likelihood Ratio 27.148 28 .510
Linear-by-Linear Association .723 1 .395

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .506 .731

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .358 .731

N of Valid Cases 90

classification * TS_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 36.349a 28 .134
Likelihood Ratio 39.680 28 .071
Linear-by-Linear Association .321 1 .571

123
 N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .636 .134

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .449 .134

N of Valid Cases 90

classification * TT_TOTAL

Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 23.118a 26 .626
Likelihood Ratio 25.531 26 .489
Linear-by-Linear Association .359 1 .549

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .507 .626

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .358 .626

N of Valid Cases 90

124
classification * EC_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 18.659a 24 .770
Likelihood Ratio 22.085 24 .574
Linear-by-Linear Association .377 1 .539

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .455 .770

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .322 .770

N of Valid Cases 90

classification * ES_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 14.467a 22 .884
Likelihood Ratio 16.731 22 .778
Linear-by-Linear Association .008 1 .927

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .401 .884

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .284 .884

N of Valid Cases 90

classification * ET_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 39.736a 26 .091
Likelihood Ratio 39.995 26 .039
Linear-by-Linear Association .005 1 .943

N of Valid Cases 90

125
 Symmetric Measures
Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .664 .041

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .470 .041

N of Valid Cases 90

internet connection * TC_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 6.806a 14 .942
Likelihood Ratio 8.331 14 .871
Linear-by-Linear Association .000 1 .991

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .275 .942

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .275 .942

N of Valid Cases 90

internet connection * TS_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 14.226a 14 .433
Likelihood Ratio 17.759 14 .218
Linear-by-Linear Association 1.513 1 .219

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .398 .433

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .398 .433

N of Valid Cases 90

126
internet connection * TT_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 11.751a 13 .548
Likelihood Ratio 14.562 13 .336
Linear-by-Linear Association .043 1 .835

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .361 .548

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .361 .548

N of Valid Cases 90

internet connection * EC_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 15.721a 12 .204
Likelihood Ratio 17.952 12 .117
Linear-by-Linear Association .500 1 .479

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .418 .204

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .418 .204

N of Valid Cases 90

internet connection * ES_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 15.616a 11 .156
Likelihood Ratio 17.917 11 .084
Linear-by-Linear Association .029 1 .864

N of Valid Cases 90

127
 Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .417 .156

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .417 .156

N of Valid Cases 90

internet connection * ET_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 11.498a 13 .569
Likelihood Ratio 12.941 13 .452
Linear-by-Linear Association .049 1 .825

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .357 .569

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .357 .569

N of Valid Cases 90

location * TC_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 8.883a 14 .838
Likelihood Ratio 11.874 14 .616
Linear-by-Linear Association .624 1 .430

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .314 .838

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .314 .838

N of Valid Cases 90

128
Location * TS_TOTAL
Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 14.380a 14 .422
Likelihood Ratio 15.895 14 .320
Linear-by-Linear Association .015 1 .904

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .400 .422

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .400 .422

N of Valid Cases 90

location * TT_TOTAL Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 10.536a 13 .650
Likelihood Ratio 13.915 13 .380
Linear-by-Linear Association .155 1 .694

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .342 .650

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .342 .650

N of Valid Cases 90

129
location * EC_TOTAL
Crosstab

Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 15.938a 12 .194
Likelihood Ratio 20.767 12 .054
Linear-by-Linear Association 4.246 1 .039

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .421 .194

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .421 .194

N of Valid Cases 90

location * ES_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 6.509a 11 .837
Likelihood Ratio 6.874 11 .809
Linear-by-Linear Association 1.522 1 .217

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Phi .269 .837

Nominal by Nominal
Cramer's V .269 .837

N of Valid Cases 90

130
location * ET_TOTAL

Crosstab
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 12.147a 13 .516
Likelihood Ratio 15.438 13 .281
Linear-by-Linear Association .842 1 .359

N of Valid Cases 90

Symmetric Measures

Value Approx. Sig.

Nominal by Nominal Phi .367 .516

Cramer's V .367 .516

N of Valid Cases 90

T-TEST GROUPS=Group(1 2)
/MISSING=ANALYSIS
/VARIABLES=TUITION_FEE_vs_ENROLLMENT
/CRITERIA=CI(.95).

131
T-Test
Group Statistics

Group N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

TUITION_FEE_vs_ENROLL tuition fee 90 2.6193 .42825 .04514

MENT
enrollment 90 2.6444 .41483 .04373
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for Equality of t-test for
Variances Equality of
Means

F Sig. t

Equal variances assumed .185 .668 -.401

TUITION_FEE_vs_ENROLL
Equal variances not -.401
MENT
assumed
Independent Samples Test
t-test for Equality of Means
df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference

TUITION_FEE_vs_ENROLLM Equal variances assumed 178 .689 -.02519

ENT
Equal variances not assumed 177.820 .689 -.02519
Independent Samples Test
t-test for Equality of Means

Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval of the

Difference Difference
Lower Upper
Equal variances assumed .06285 -.14921 .09884
TUITION_FEE_vs_ENROLL
MENT Equal variances not .06285 -.14921 .09884
assumed

KINGIE G. MICABALO, D.B.A., CMITAP

University of Cebu Lapu-lapu and MandaueMobile #:
0931-124-8860
Researcher ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4179-2086

132
APPENDIX E

Location Map

133
 APPENDIX F

Grammarly Result

134
 APPENDIX G

Certificate of Final Report

135
 APPENDIX H

Adviser’s Acceptance

STANDARD FORM 10

ADVISER’S ACCEPTANCE

November 16, 2021

GIOVANNI C. ROXAS, DBA

ABM- Shs Faculty

University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue

Dear Dr. Roxas,

Greetings!

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Accounting 321- Accounting
Research, the students who are officially enrolled this First Semester of School Year
2021-2022 are required to accomplish a thesis on topics related to the pressing and
relevant issues in the field of Bachelor of Science in Management Accounting.

In view of the foregoing, this is to humbly request your service and expertise to serve as
the adviser of the following students listed hereunder. Details are as follows:

Approved Thesis Title: College of Business and Accountancy Students’ perception on

the Effectiveness of Online Payment System in UCLM
Members of the Group: 1. Benaru, Marichu
2. Refuerzo, Vejeccris
3. Tan, Cara May
4. Valle, Chabelita
5. Yonzon, Jade

136
The Academic Council of the College of Business and Accountancy of this University firmly
believes in your knowledge and skills in research and that these will be instrumental to the
success of the research endeavors of our students. For the confirmation of your feedback, please
fill-out the form at the back portion of this letter.

Thank you for the time that you have accorded to this correspondence and your affirmation to this
humble request is greatly appreciated.

Yours in serving the academic community,

CONCEPCION Y. PANIMDIM, MSBA, CPA

Research Instructor

Recommending Approval:

Dr. Ily E. Abella

Dean, College of Business and Accountancy

137
 RESEARCH ADVISER CONFIRMATION SLIP
Approved Thesis Title: Members of the Group:

1. Benaro, Marichu
College of Business and Accountancy Students’ 2. Refuerzo, Vejeccris
perception on the Effectiveness of Online 3. Tan, Cara May
Payment System in UCLM 4. Valle, Chabelita
5. Yonzon, Jade
Reasons/Remarks:
Confirmation: Please check the box that
corresponds to your answer.

I accept Don’t Accept

/
Conforme: Signatures

1. Benaro, Marichu

M. Giovanni Roxas, DBA

2. Refuerzo, Vejeccris
r
Signature over printed name of the Adviser
(please indicate the date
)
3. Tan, Cara May

4. Valle, Chabelita

5. Yonzon, Jade

Noted by: Endorsed by:

Dr. Kingie Micabalo

Concepcion Panimdim Program Research Coordinator
Research Instructor
Recommending Approval:

Dr. Ily E. Abella

Dean, College of Business and Accountancy

138
 APPENDIX I

University of Cebu Academe

Research Ethics Committee

Informed Consent Evaluation Form

Form 2.4
Part 1. to be filled by the PI
PROTOCOL TITLE:
COLLEGE STUDENTS' PERCEPTION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ONLINE
PAYMENT SYSTEM IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CEBU LAPU-LAPU AND MANDAUE

PROTOCOL NO. : Type of Review: Ethics Review

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: CONTACT DETAILS: (email add & mobile number)

Marichu A. Benaro marichuamparobenaro@gmail.com / 09233588997

ADVISER: CONTACT DETAILS: (email add & mobile number)

Giovanni C. Roxas, DBA giovzroxas@gmail.com / 09260823344

INSTITUTION: Status:
University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and NEW Re-submission
Mandaue
REVIEWER:

Part 2. to be filled by the ICF Reviewer

GUIDE FOR REVIEWING THE INFORM CONSENT PROCESS & FORM

1. Is it necessary to seek the Informed Consent of the participants?

Unable to Assess YES NO

IF NO, please explain

139
 IF YES, are the participants provided with sufficient information about the following
items?

YES NO
o Purpose of the study?
o Expected duration of participation?
o Procedure to be carried out?
o Discomforts and inconvenience?
o Risks (including possible discrimination)?
o Benefits to the participants?
o Compensation and/or medical treatment in case of injury?
o Who to contact for pertinent questions and/or for assistance
in research-related concerns or injury?
o Extent of confidentiality?
2. Is the inform consent written or presented in non-technical language that participants can
understand?

Unable to Assess YES NO

3. Does the protocol include an adequate process for ensuring that the consent is voluntary?

Unable to Assess YES NO

4. Are the different types of consent forms (assent, patient representative) appropriate for the
types of study participants?

Unable to Assess YES NO

5. Are the names and contact numbers from the research team and REC in the informed
consent?

Unable to Assess YES NO

6. Is the Informed Consent translated into the local language/dialect? (if applicable)

Unable to Assess YES NO

7. Do you have any other concerns?

140
RECOMMENDATION:

APPROVED

Minor Revisions Required

Major Revisions Required

DISAPPROVED

Signature over Printed Name of Reviewer Review Date

141
 CURRICULUM VITAE

I.PERSONAL DATA

NAME: Benaro, Marichu A.

AGE: 22 years old

BIRTHDATE : August 21,1999

SEX: Female

STATUS : Single

ADDRESS : 1140 Osmeña Street, Gun-ob Lapu-lapu City, Cebu.

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE: 2018 – PRESENT

University of Cebu Lapu-lapu and Mandaue

A.C Cortes Avenue Looc, Mandaue City, Cebu.

Bachelor of Science in business administration major in Management

Accounting

SECONDARY : 2016-2018

University of Cebu Lapu-lapu and Mandaue

A.C Cortes Avenue Looc, Mandaue City, Cebu.

SHS- Accounting, Business and Management Strand

2012-2016

St. Alphonsus Catholic School, Inc.

Poblacion, Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu.

JHS

ELEMENTARY: 2006 – 2012

Gun- ob Elementary School

Tumulak St. Gun-ob Lapu-lapu City, Cebu.

142
 CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL DATA
NAME: Refuerzo, Vejeccris M.
AGE: 22 years old
BIRTHDATE: September 19,1999
SEX: Female
STATUS : Single
ADDRESS: Purok 4 Tagbocboc, Talisayan , Misamis
Oriental
II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
COLLEGE 2018- PRESENT
University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue
A.C Cortes Avenue Looc, Mandaue City, Cebu
Bachelor in Science in Business Administration major in
Management Accounting
SECONDARY 2016-2018
Advance Institute of Technology Inc
Sangi, New Sangi Rd, Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu
SHS- Accounting Business and Management Strand

Mactan National High School

Mactan , Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu
JHS
ELEMENTARY 2006-2012
Tagbocboc Elementary School

143
 Tagbocboc , Talisayan, Misamis Oriental
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL DATA
NAME: Tan, Cara May C.
AGE: 23 years old
BIRTHDATE: April 10,1999
SEX: Female
STATUS : Single
ADDRESS: Gun-ob Lapu-lapu City

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE 2018- PRESENT
University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue
A.C Cortes Avenue Looc, Mandaue City, Cebu
Bachelor in Science in Business Administration major in
Management Accounting
SECONDARY 2016-2018
University of Cebu Lapu-lapu and Mandaue
A.C Cortes Avenue Looc, Mandaue City, Cebu.
SHS- Accounting, Business and Management Strand (ABM)
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 2013-2016
Gun-ob High School
Tumulak St., Gun-ob Lapu-Lapu City, 6015 Ceb

ELEMENTARY 2007-2013
Gun-ob Elementary School
Tumulak St., Gun-ob Lapu-Lapu City, 6015 Cebu

144
 CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL DATA

NAME: Valle, Chabelita R.

AGE: 21
BIRTHDAY: October 01, 2000
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
ADDRESS: Baas, Pagsabungan, Mandaue City

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE: 2018-Present
University of Cebu Lapulapu and Mandaue
A.C Cortes Ave., Looc, Mandaue City

SECONDARY: 2016-2018
University of Cebu Lapulapu and Mandaue
A.C Cortes Ave., Looc, Mandaue City

2012- 2016
Luke Christian Institute
Baas, Pagsabungan, Mandaue City

ELEMENTARY: 2006-2012
Luke Christian Institute
Baas, Pagsabungan, Mandaue City

145
 CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL DATA

NAME: Yonzon, Jade B.

AGE: 23
BIRTHDAY: October 10,1998
SEX: Female
STATUS: Single
ADDRESS: Looc ,Maribago Lapu-Lapu City

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

COLLEGE: 2018-Present
University of Cebu Lapulapu and Mandaue
A.C Cortes Ave., Looc, Mandaue City

SECONDARY: 2016-2018
University of Cebu Lapulapu and Mandaue
A.C Cortes Ave., Looc, Mandaue City
HUMSS

2012- 2016
MaribagoNational High School
Lapu-lapu City

ELEMENTARY: 2006-2012
Lipayran, Elementary School

146