MACRO++ Midterm

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TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY 4.

IATA
ORGANIZATIONS (International) - International Air Transport
Association
Tourism Organizations - It was composed of airline operators
- Since tourism and hospitality is a attached to the national delegations
diverse industry made up of of the ICAO conference in Chicago.
many different segments, there is a Membership includes more than 112
need to interrelate and share airlines Serves as the agency
information. This has led to the through which airlines seek jointly to
establishment of several public solve problems that cannot be
and private organizations at the solved individually.
international, national, regional,
state and local levels. 5. WTTC
- World Travel and Tourism
International Organizations Council
1. UNWTO - It is the only global forum
- United Nations World whose members are the
Tourism Organization top decision makers in the
- The chief international travel and tourism Industry.
organization in the field of It is the only body
travel tourism. An representing the private
intergovernmental technical sector in all parts of the
body which deals with all industry worldwide.
aspects of tourism
Established January 2, 6. APEC
1975. - Asia-Pacific Economic
Company
2. IUOTO - Focuses on tourism and
- International Union of which recently achieved
Official Travel official status as an
Organization international governmental
- A nongovernmental organization. The purpose
technical body first set up of APEC is to establish
at Hague, Netherlands in coordination of national
1925 to promote tourism for economies for the benefit of
the economic, social, and countries in the Asia Pacific
cultural advancement of all region as a whole.
nations.
TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY
3. ICAO ORGANIZATIONS (Philippines)
- International Civil
Aviation Organization ➔ Tourism-related Government
- An organization of around Organization in the Philippines
134 governments
established for the purpose 1. DOT
of promoting civil aviation on - Department of Tourism
a worldwide scale. - It is the primary
Established in Chicago in government agency
1944. charged with the
responsibility to:
• encourage, promote and develop tourism
as a major –a thriving and vibrant future-proof
socioeconomic activity; livable city, built on a foundation of
• to generate foreign currency and shared values and a genuine
employment; Filipino sense of community.
• to spread the benefits of tourism to a - MISSION: Implement and realize a
wider segment of restoration and redevelopment
the population plan for the present and future
• To assure the safe, convenient, development, management, and
enjoyable stay and promotion of Intramuros as a
travel of foreign and local tourists in the national heritage site, by forging
country. strategic partnerships that ensure
its orderly, timely, inclusive, and
2. TPB sustainable development.
- Tourism Promotions
Board 4. NPDC
- Formerly known as - National Parks
Philippine Convention and Development Committee
Visitors Corporation - As an attached agency of
(PCVC) It is a corporate the Department of Tourism,
body created under R.A. the National Parks
No. 9593, which shall have Development Committee is
an authorized capital of 250 tasked to develop,
million pesos fully preserve, and manage
subscribed by the National Rizal and Paco Parks in
Government. The TPB shall Manila and other parks that
formulate and implement may be assigned to NPDC.
an integrated domestic and - NPDC shall develop,
international promotions preserve, and manage
and marketing program for Rizal Park and Paco Park
the DOT. to ensure the general
public’s appreciation of the
3. IA Park’s facilities and
- Intramuros activities.
Administration
- The IA is “responsible for 5. NPF
the orderly restoration and - Nayong Filipino
development of Intramuros Foundation
as a monument to the - It is the only tourist complex
Hispanic period of our showcasing the many
history. As such, it shall primary attractions and
ensure that the general scenic places in the
appearance of Intramuros Philippines. It is a major
shall conform to administrative and
Philippine-Spanish operational concern of the
architecture of the 16th to agency to keep its facilities
the 19th century.” and surroundings in the
- VISION: An iconic tourism best condition.
site that honors the - The purpose and objectives
Philippines’ glorious past of the Nayong Pilipino is to
promote, encourage, DEFINITION OF TOURISM IMPACT
espouse and/or initiate ➔ Tourism impact may be defined as
research and development an effect brought about directly or
projects on social sciences indirectly by tourism policies,
and humanities and related tourism related establishment and
fields. infrastructure and tourist behavior.

6. DFPC DIMENSIONS OF TOURISM IMPACTS


- Duty Free Philippines ➔ Tourism impacts may be
Corporation categorized in terms of:
- The exclusive franchise to 1. Scope
operate duty and tax free 2. Direction of change and
shops was originally Type of impact
granted to a private 3. Scale
corporation called Tourist 4. Distribution
Duty Free Shops, Inc. 5. Duration of the effect
(TDFS) by virtue of
Presidential Decree No. ➔ SCOPE OF TOURISM IMPACT
1193 (P.D. 1193) and Letter 1. ECONOMIC - Inflation
of Instruction No. 595 2. ENVIRONMENTAL - Improved
(LOI595) both dated Transportation
September 6, 1977. 3. SOCIAL - Increased crime and
- DFP’s flagship store Prostitution
opened on April 1997. 4. CULTURAL - Broadening of food
Called Fiestamall, its choices and Spread of such
building sits on a 5-hectare sports as surfing
lot built for duty free 5. POLITICAL - Places that
retailing and it boasts of a contribute substantially to
24,000 sq.m. selling area government coffers from their
and state-of-the-art tourism income are able to get
facilities. higher priority in government
allocations for tourism-related
projects.
DEFINITION, DIMENSIONS, AND
DETERMINANTS OF TOURISM
IMPACTS

- Tourism is one of the most


pervasive of human activities.
Traveling is now a regular part of
people’s leisure activities. Our
government puts top priority in
developing tourism mainly for its
economic benefits.
- Unfortunately, tourism has its dark
side too. Tourism, when not
managed properly, could lead to 4 TYPES OF IMPACTS
environmental destruction and 1. Actual (Objective)
social disruptions. - Most economic impacts such as
increased population, number of
jobs, amount of investment and - The more developed the tourism
amount of tourist receipts industry, the more the destination
generated by tourism are objective stands to gain economically from
in nature and are quantitatively tourism. The travel and tourism
measured. competitiveness index (TTCI) of
the World Economic Forum is a
2. Perceived (Subjective) measure of the level of tourism
- This refers to the opinions development in a country.
of somebody concerning
the effects of tourism. 14 PILLAR COMPONENTS OF TTCI
1. Business Environment
3. Quantitative or Qualitative 2. Safety and Security
- Quantitative Impacts are impacts 3. Health and Hygiene
which can be measured and 4. Human Resources and Labor
expressed in numerical form. Market
Examples of quantitative impacts 5. ICT Readiness
are: 6. Prioritization of Travel and Tourism
1. The amount of taxes collected 7. International Openness
from tourism businesses. 8. Price competitiveness
2. People employed by tourism 9. Environmental Sustainability
3. Length of roads constructed as 10. Air Transport Infrastructure
part of a program to make a place 11. Ground and Port Infrastructure
accessible to tourists. 12. Tourist Service Infrastructure
- Qualitative Impacts are impacts 13. Natural Resources
that can only be observed and 14. Cultural Resources and Business
described. Examples of this would Travel
be the:
1. Effects of tourism on social ➢ Strength of the Economy and
relationships Linkages
2. Effect of tourism experiences on The net economic impact of tourism
an individual’s self esteem. depends on the proportion of income that
is retained in the local economy.
4. Direct or Indirect This retained income is basically the
- Direct Tourism Impact is one that difference between the tourism revenues
is immediate and flows from and the amount of leakages. To minimize
tourism to the receiver of leakage, therefore, requires buying local
impact. (e.g. residents) without products and managerial services. To
intervening persons, agencies, or make this happen, there must be sufficient
industries. (hotel -> salary -> supply of such inputs at acceptable
employees) quality levels.
- Indirect Impact flows from tourism
to the receiver of the impact
through intervening persons,
agencies, or industries.
(employee rides a taxi to the hotel
-> reach the hotel -> employee
pays the taxi for his service)

LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE


TOURISM INDUSTRY

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