FLOOR

FINISHES - II

GROUP 9 ANSHAL NAUSHAD | AMMAR BADER KHAN | NEHAL AKHTAR | SHEIKH MUZAIB MEHRAJ
 WHAT IS THE
PURPOSE OF
FLOORING?
• Flooring is the general term for a
permanent covering of a floor.

• Floor covering is a term generically

describe any finish material applied
over a structure to provide a walking
and working surface.

• The purpose of a floor is to provide a

level surface capable of supporting the
occupants of a building, furniture,
equipment and sometimes internal
partitions.

• The floor under the flooring is called

subfloor which provides the support.
There are different special purpose
subfloors such as floating floors, raised
floor or sprung, may be laid upon
another underling subfloor which
provides the structural strength.
FLOW CHART
TYPES OF FLOOR
FINISHES

TILE STONE WOODEN VINYL

FLOORING FLOORING FLOORING FLOORING

Ceramic Tile Marble

Flooring Flooring

Vitrified Tile Solid Wood

Granite Flooring
Flooring Flooring

Full Body Limestone

Vitrified Tiles Flooring Engineered Wood
Flooring
Double Charged
Vitrified Tiles Sandstone
Flooring
Soluble Salt
Vitrified Tiles
Kotastone
Glazed Vitrified Flooring
Tiles
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TILE FLOORING
CERAMIC TILE FLOORING

Ceramic tiles are a mixture of clays and other natural materials, such as sand, quartz and
water. They are primarily used in Houses, Restaurants, Offices, Shops and so on as bathroom
wall and kitchen floor surfaces.

Manufacturing Process

•Ceramic tiles are made of clay, sand and natural materials.

•They are burnt in kilns at temperature up to 1250 degree Celsius.
•Ceramic tiles may be painted and glazed.
•Clay used in tiles is red, brown or white.
•They are very popular as both wall and flooring tiles and you can even use them
for entryways, benchtops or splash backs if you wish.
•These can be used any where : rooms, indoors, outdoors.

PROPERTIES

• Durability or lifespan – Ceramic flooring is very tough, and the tiles are difficult to crack. If
installed properly, ceramic flooring can last 10-20 years and longer if maintained.
However, if a single tile does crack due to a heavy impact, it’s simple to replace.

• Maintenance – Caring for ceramic flooring is fairly easy. As dirt, stains and liquids rest on
just the surface of the ceramic tile, it can be easily wiped out. There is regular
maintenance required like sweeping or vacuuming.

• Surface attributes – Dirt Resistance, Stain Resistance, Slip/ skid Resistance, Colour
permanence

• Colour possibilities - Large variety of colour options are available.

VITRIFIED TILE FLOORING

Vitrified Tiles have got the name from vitrify which means the process of making a glass
or something similar to a glass. They are hard, dense, strong and highly stain-resistant.
Different types of manufacturing processes are used to produce different types and
qualities of vitrified tiles

• mixture containing clay and elements like silica, quartz and feldspar.
• the mixture melts on applying a very high temperature(1200C)
• non-porous tiles that have a glassy texture.
• Vitrified tiles use a dye that is mixed with the clay before setting it on fire. This dye
makes the color consistent throughout the tiles. Therefore, if the surface of the tile chips
off, then a similar color is exposed underneath.
• These tiles are thus, very strong, durable and resistant to water and stain.

Vitrified tile is a ceramic tile with very low porosity. It is an alternative to marble
and granite flooring. Vitrified tiles are often used outdoors due to their water and
frost resistance. There are four types of Vitrified tiles - Soluble salt, Double
charge, Full Body, and Glazed.
 PROCEDURE OF APPLICATION

APPLICATION • Prepare the level mortar bed

• Surface preparation & Marking of level reference line
Ceramic Tiles are a widely used material in interior
decoration, both due to their low cost and aesthetic look.
Generally made from a mixture of red or white clay and
other products, these tiles are then glazed. This glaze adds
durability to the tile, and is responsible for the color and
pattern of the tile. Ceramic tiles are thus mainly used for
decorative purposes and in areas with low traffic density.
Applications of these tiles include –

Flooring, Walls, Patios, Walkways, kitchen wall etc. • After levelling, collecting the extra motar • Prepare the adhesive mix or cement slurry

• Seal joints with joint sealers

• Installation of tile (by aligning the edges
and corners using plastic spacer)
COMPARATIVE CHART
TYPES BRAND SIZE (IN MM) PRICE USES

Varmora 600x600, 600X1200,

CERAMIC 760X760
22 – 60 rs /sq ft INTERIORS
Kajariya
Johnson
Somany

VITRIFIED Varmora 600x600, 600X1200, 35-62 RS /sq ft TERRACE AND

Soluble salt Kajariya 760X760 INTERIORS
Nano Johnson
Double charge
Somany

PORCELAIN Varmora 600x600, 600X1200 25-55 Rs/sq ft interiors

(full body vitrified) Kajariya
Johnson
Somany
STONE FLOORING
Stone flooring is a type of flooring in which the floor is
covered with stone slabs or stone tiles. Stone are available
in plenty across the entire stretch of the country. Many of
these are suitable for providing floors in residential
construction.
Used in public buildings because of it durability and
hardness. There are three basic types of rock from which
we carve out stone floors:
• Sedimentary rock
• Igneous
• Metamorphic

Stones suited for the purpose should be strong and able to

resist abrasion and impact besides giving a pleasing appearance. Some of
the stones which is used for floor construction are given below.
• Kota stone
• Granite
• Sand stone
• limestone
• Marble
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MARBLE
Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized
carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite. Pure white
marble is the result of metamorphism of a very pure (silicate-poor)
limestone or dolomite. The word "marble" derives from the Greek
word mármaron which means "crystalline rock, shining stone"

marble is available in different of colours, this is due to various

mineral impurities such as clay, silt, sand, iron oxides, or chert which
were originally present as grains or layers in the limestone

Price : 35-1000 Rs per sq ft.

CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF MARBLE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MARBLE

Hardness 3 to 4 on Moh's Scale
Lime (CaO) 28-32% Density 2.55 to 2.7 Kg/cm3
Modulus of Rupture 12 to 18 N/mm2
Silica (SiO2) 3-30%
Compressive Strength 70 to 140 N/mm2
MgO 20 to 25%
Water Absorption Less than 0.5%
FeO + Fe2O3 1-3% Porosity Quite low
 TYPES OF MARBLES
INDIAN MARBLE ITALIAN MARBLE
• Makrana Marbles
• Udaipur Marbles
• Black Marble

Onyx Marble

Toronto Marble

Blue Galaxy Indo

Raymond Aspur
Marble Mdagascar
 WHITE MARBLE GREY MARBLE

Many architects use white The grey marble incorporates neutral

marble, either for cladding or tones that cover different ranges of
TYPES OF MARBLES

flooring, in order to bring colors. Its chromatic scale ranges from

spaciousness and luminosity to pearl tones through silver and grey
a room. ochre to graffiti such as mole

BEIGE MARBLE BLACK MARBLE

black marbles includes some of the most
Beige marble preserves the
exclusive examples in the world. The
luminosity of light colors but
background of each of them may contain
incorporates chromatic warmth
different intensities of black and veins of
thanks to its toasted tones.
different colors, including white, gold,
and light gray.

BROWN MARBLE GREEN MARBLE

The different varieties of brown The green marble invites to be calm,

marble include the rich chromatic creating a space in which nature is the
range of earth tones. great protagonist. The intensity of its green
color evokes fresh, tropical, and jungle
landscapes.
USES OF MARBLE

Among the different types of rocks, marble is the most

widely used rock. The principal use of marble is found in
architecture and sculpture. But apart from that, it is also
used for its chemical properties in different fields or
industries. Let’s look at some uses below.

• Buildings and Sculptures

• Construction Aggregate

• Whiting

• Soil Treatment

• Neutralizing Acids

• In Supplements

• Cemetery Marker
 MAINTENANCE

• Marble are easy to maintain and can be re-polished if you need to bring the shine

back .

• Marble is a porous material so if strong stain material is spilled on marble, it is

recommended to wipe it quickly so that the marble does not absorb the stain

• For general maintenance you just need to wipe off the marble to remove the

stains.

• Polishing can be done after a few years to bring back the shine.
 ADVANTAGES
• Marble flooring is known for its superior,
royal and decorative appearance. It is
considered as style symbol.
• Marble flooring is durable.
• Marble is also known for its' versatility in
the art a from sculptures to monuments
and from wall tiles to floor tiles.
• Cool surface of marble tiles can be quite
pleasant and comfortable during the
summers.
• Marble flooring is very easy to maintain
and requires occasional sweeping and
polishing.
DISADVANTAGES
• Marble stone is cool under foot so in areas
where temperature is usually low for a longer
duration, you may want to mix this flooring type
with other flooring types to give warmth to a
design.
• Marble is quite expensive. If you want a near
pure white look to a space, you will need to
purchase expensive marble stone.
• Marble is heavy in weight so structure strength
of the underlying area should be ascertained
before putting it.
• Require routine maintenance.
• Not suitable for high traffic area as it may loose
shine.
GRANITE
Granite a very hard, granular, crystalline, igneous rock
consisting mainly of quartz, mica, and feldspar and often
used as a building stone.

Word Granite comes from the Latin word “Granum” a grain

in reference to grainy.

The word Granite maybe used for any rock with interlocking
crystals that are large enough to be seen with unaided eye.

Granite is a type of igneous rock that is very dense and

hard. Its distinctive appearance is due to speckled minerals
found within the rock, its unique veining, and the
thousands of available colors.
Price : 96 -1200 Rs per sq.ft

Granite is formed underground by the cooling of magma. Deep within the earth, A worldwide average of the chemical composition of granite ,by
beyond the mantle layer, lies a deep layer of molten rock. The molten rock is weight percent:
formed when the naturally occurring radioactive elements within the ground • SiO2 — 72.04% (silica) • Al2O3 — 14.42% (alumina)
break down and decay. The reaction of the decaying material releases large • K2O— 4.12% • Na2O — 3.69%
amounts of heat, melting the rocks around it. As geological events happen, the • CaO — 1.82% • FeO — 1.68%
molten rocks are pushed toward the surface. As the rock gets closer to the • Fe2O3 — 1.22% • MgO — 0.71%
surface, it also cools, creating internal igneous rocks. One of these such rocks is • TiO2 — 0.30% • P2O5 — 0.12%
granite.
• MnO — 0.05% • Based on 2485 analyses
 THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTION IN GRANITE QUARRY
Mining
Granite mining is a large industrial
process which begins with
exposing a granite deposit. Once
the granite deposit is exposed
open cast mining is the usual way
to exploit the reserves.
Cutting
Granite is then extracted from the
mine which is in itself a difficult
process. Granite is usually drilled then
hammered to separate individual
blocks which are then lifted to the
surface of the mine with cranes to be
transported to a near by processing
plant.
Polishing
Polishing granite is done in multi stages,
starting with a very rough course diamond
polishing. Once the first stage is complete
the process is repeated using a less course
diamond polishing and repeated a number
of times. Once individual cut-outs are
made from granite worktops, the process
is followed again but this time by hand to
achieve the desired finish.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
• It has very dense silica content. Since the rock is made
largely of silica from magma, it contains a large amount of
silica.

• Due to the large presence of silica in its composition, granite

is highly resistant to decay.

• Granite is one of the toughest substances known to

mankind. It has been extensively used for thousands of
years due to its toughness and strength for various
construction purposes

• Granite is an easily quarried stone. This is due to the

presence of a mural joint.

• The igneous property of granite makes it incredibly

polishable for construction purposes as a polished and hard
surface can last relatively longer than other stones.

• Granite offers a reasonable resistance to fire due to the

presence of fewer minerals.

• Similarly, Granite also offers a reasonable resistance to frost

due to the presence of fewer minerals

• Granite is relatively free from fractures.

USES AND
APPLICATIONS OF
GRANITE

• Granite is used in jewelry making

• Used for Building Monuments

• Used in making Fireplace Mantle

and Floor

• Used in Bathroom, Shelves,

Tabletops, Basins
 ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• Granite is available in thousands of colors.

• It is an excellent choice for flooring in kitchens and high-
traffic areas. • Higher price tag
• Every slab is unique and cannot be duplicated. • Cold in winter
• Granite requires very little maintenance -- just routine • Hard underfoot
cleaning. • Heavy
• extremely dense and excellent for repelling stains. • Polished Granite Slippery when wet
• heat resistant unlike many man-made materials. • It should be cleaned on a regular basis.
• it is resistant to blistering, scratching, cracking and • Should be installed by professionals
scorching
• Sanitary (Non-Porous)
• Minimal absorption
• It has allergen-resistant properties.
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KOTA STONE
Kota Stone is a fine-grained variety of limestone . quarried at Kota
district, Rajasthan, India.

The rich greenish-blue and brown colors of this stone are most popular.

It is an excellent building stone.

It is mainly used for exteriors, pathways, corridors, driveways, balconies,

commercial buildings etc.

It is also suitable for use in chemical industries as flooring, wall fixing

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF KOTA STONE
and lining. Compressive Strength 21.75 kg/sq. mm.
Rs. 35 to Rs. 40 per sq ft Abrasion Resistance 18.12 (Abrasion value)

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF KOTA STONE Oil Absorption Nil

Water Absorption 0.31 % 0.32 %

Chemically, Kota Stones are siliceous calcium carbonate rocks
Moh’s Hardness No. Galena will scratch
Lime (CAO) 38-42% Calcite will not
Scratch- 2.1/2
Silica(SiO2) 20-25%
Density 2.5 to 2.65 Kg/m3
Alumina (Al2O3) 2-4%
Porosity Quite Low
Other Oxides like Na, Mg 1.5 to 2.5%
Weather Impact Resistant
USES OF KOTA STONE
• It is used in flooring.

• It can be used for roofing purpose.

• It is used in corridors, lobby, drive path.

• It can used for walls for interior or outdoor.

• It can used in stair’s steps.

 ADVANTAGES OF KOTA STONE DISADVANTAGES OF KOTA STONE

• Kota stone flooring is a fine, combine of magnificence and luxury

giving used in the interior and exterior to enhance the look of the
• The stone tends to flake over a period of time.
building.
However, periodic polishing using polishing wax can
eliminate this phenomenon.
• Kota stone is hard, tough, oil resistant, and non-water absorbent, non-
slippery and have excellent stone resolvability.
• Kota lacks the luster of Marble or granite.
• They are available in slabs and tiles form and can be set in any pattern
• Unlike Marble and Granite, Kota is not available as
of flooring.
large slabs.
• Kota Stone is the ideal flooring material in the building and out side
• Unlike Marble or Granite, Kota stone flooring does
the building to impart a stronger and luxurious look to the floors.
not give the appearance of a seamless flooring
because Kota tiles are available only in small sized
• Kota Stone is available in natural shades and it can be cut in to any
tiles. Also, there is a lot of variation in color between
size and shape as per the requirement.
tiles.
• It is an excellent building stone for humid regions and freezing regions,
and it is non-porous and non-observant to water.

• It is the cheapest stone s among the other natural stones. Kota stone
are available in different sizes slab
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Terrazzo Flooring
Terrazzo is a flooring material traditionally made by
exposing marble chips on the surface of concrete and
then polishing until smooth. However terrazzo is now
available in tile form. It’s often used in public buildings
because it’s long lasting and can be refinished repeatedly.

COMPONENTS/INGREDIENTS

Best Use : Flooring, walls,

countertops, backsplashes
CONCRETE + STONE, GLASS,
PLASTIC AGGREGATES = TERRAZO
The typical thickness for terrazzo is
between 2 1/2" and 3"

Installation Cost : minimum 30 to 50 INR

per square feet to a max 200 INR.
Terrazzo Mixing
Terrazzo
Installation and
Process Pouring the
Terrazzo

Shot Blasting

Grouting Terrazzo and Polishing a Terrazzo

Floor
Design Layout of a
Terrazzo Floor

Grinding a Terrazzo Floor

1. Cracks
2. Discoloration
3. Scratches
4. Sealant failure
5. Wear
WHY USE TERRAZO FLOORING?

• Extremely hard wearing

• Easy to clean and maintain
• Attractive in appearance
• Flexible – can be designed to be in keeping with other
architectural features and color schemes
• Hygienic – suitable for some areas of food preparation
and in hospitals
• Cost effective – will outlive most other types of hard
flooring
 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES

• Unique beauty • Terrazzo is quite slippery

• Elegance • Expensive

• Longevity • Need skills for installation

• Comfortable under feet • Polishing needed for maintaining the look

• Controls noise
 VINYL FLOOR FINISHES
• Soft sheet and flexible or tile that attaches to underlayment

with adhesive.

• Easy to install and clean.

• Made of mixture of PVC and plasticizers.

• Self-adhesive.

• Comes in variety softness, very durable, style, and quality.

TYPES OF VINYL
1. Vinyl sheet
• Wear layer must be thick so it is long lasting.
• Available in 6, 9, or 12 feet wide.
• Made of moisture, and mildew-resistant to provide a level of
cushioning.
• 2 types ; printed and inlaid vinyl

2. Vinyl tile
• Available in 12 inches or 18 inches square.
• Available with peel and stick adhesive backings.
• Covered with protective surface coating to prevent marks and stain.
• 2 types ; solid and composite tiles.
VINYL FLOORING INSTALLATION

Preparing the Sub-Floor

Getting Rid of Any Obstacles and Existing Flooring

Putting Down the Vinyl Flooring

MAINTENANCE & PRECAUTIONS

• It is important to place an entrance mat to trap outside dust from

entering. Any food spills must be immediately cleaned up with a non
abrasive general cleaner.
• Regular cleaning is advised with a dry vacuum cleaner or mopping. When
mopping the floor with water care must be taken to ensure that water
does not seep in through the joints.
• Since these flooring products are already coated with a UV protective
layer dust retention will be at the minimal.
• Waxing is not required.
Always ensure that all furniture legs are fitted with floor protectors.
 ADVANTAGES
• Cost Effective: Sheet vinyl generally costs less than tile or
plank materials.
• Impermeable To Moisture: Probably the biggest advantage of
sheet vinyl over tile is the fact that it can usually be installed in
just one or two solid, unbroken pieces.
• Design Options: With individual tiles, you have to try and
create a composite design across your floor.
• Easy to install.
• Easy to keep clean.
• Variety of styles, designs, and colours.
• Glass items may not break when dropped.
• Resilient, absorb noise, and comfortable to stand on long
periods of time.
DISADVANTAGES
• Replaceable: If a sheet vinyl floor is severely
damaged with a scratch or a stain your only option is to
either replace the entire floor or remove the affected
area and replace it with a patch.
• Can rip and will gouge if a sharp object is dropped.
• Almost impossible to fix.
• Need to be pieced and will have seam should be
installed by professional.
• Floor surface must be clean to make sure the flooring
has flat without bumps or bubbles.
• Difficult to remove and replace.
• Have to use special machine to scrape the vinyl off
the floor.
WOODEN FLOORING
INTRODUCTION
Wooden flooring is any product manufactured from timber that is designed for use as flooring either structural or aesthetic. Wood is a common
choice as a flooring material due to its environmental profile durability and restorability.

Types of Wooden Flooring

01 Hardwood Flooring 02 Engineered Flooring

Hardwood Flooring

• This solid timber flooring is made of real

wood from top to bottom–wood that has
been harvested from a variety of trees like
oak, walnut, pine etc.

• Cost effective, durable and classy, solid

wood floors are one of the few long-
lasting home fixtures Made of planks
milled from a single piece of wood.

• It is usually fitted using tongue and groove

joints.
METHODS OF LAYING WOODEN FLOORING
Installation of wooden floors can be done in three methods and the basis of choosing which
method suits you depends on the type of flooring required i.e. engineered wood, solid wood
or either laminate.

Nail/Staple down method
used mostly for laying solid wood floors.
However, engineered wood is also favorable
to the nail down method. Laminate flooring
is unsuitable for this method.
that is the flooring is done over
floorboards, the planks should be laid in
the direction opposite to the floorboards
to enhance its stability.
Glue down floor laying method
It incorporates the use of specialist
adhesives, also called bonding agents to
glue the wooden boards to the sub-floor.
use flexible adhesives, as wood, be it any
variety, has a property of expanding or
contracting
Floating Wooden floor installation
It is the simplest form of wooden floor installation.
Rather than fixing the floorboards to the sub-floor,
you fix the panels or boards to each other and
keep them floating. It is done by tongue and
groove joinery, but this joint is fixed firmly by using
a PVA adhesive.
an expansion gap is left around the periphery of
the entire room
USES
• It enhances the look along with providing warmth.

• It’s affordable, Easy to clean and maintain.

• Durability surpasses that of a carpet and lino.

• Not expensive…check by getting a quote now with any of the dealers!

• It complies with the ecological system and green building concept.

• Adheres to healthy and hygienic environment

MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUE
Solid hard wood is manufactured from single piece of wood, the most common thickness of
solid hardwood plank is ¾ inch the most widely used profile is tongue and groove.

Engineered hardwood consist of two or more layers the top layer is wood veneer. The lower
layer consist either tongue and groove or use a click-locking technology
COMPARISON OF SOLID WOOD WITH ENGINEERING WOOD

• It is difficult to compare solid wood flooring and

engineering wooden flooring due to the wide range of
quantity in both product categories, particularly in
engineered

• Solid wood is more frequently site finished is always in a

plank format Solid is generally thicker than engineered
wood and usually installed by nailing

• Engineering wood is more frequently prefinished, as

bevelled edges is rarely site finished and is installed with
glue or as a floating installation Engineering wood
flooring has other benefits beyond dimension of stability
and universal use

• Engineering wood also allows for a floating installation

where the planks are not adhered to the sub floor or to
each other, further increasing ease of repairing and
reducing installation time
ADVANTAGES
EASY MAINTAINENCE:
• If taken care of, it lasts for many years, despite of much
traffic and use.
• Easier to clean & get harder as they age, which makes
them even easier to clean.
• Doesn't dust mites
DURABILITY
• Solid hardwood is among the longest lasting of all
flooring types. With today’s flooring finishes, these floors
are also water resistant.
VARIETY:
• These are also easy to match to nearly any home style
and design. There are a lot of styles, colours and species
of timber flooring available than ever before.
• Hardwood timber floors will always look good both in
contemporary and traditional interior design.
DISADVANTAGES
MAY SCRATCH
• A hardwood floor's finish is susceptible to scratching from
traffic or pet nails.
FULL BATH INSTALLATION NOT RECOMMENDED
• it is sensitive to humidity and the potential for pooling
water.
• Water from tubs and showers can cause hardwood floors to
buckle or warp.
LIMITED BELOW GRADE INSTALLATION
• not recommended for below grade installation due to
sensitive to humidity. These floors perform better in
humidity controlled environments.
FLOOR FINISHING

Timber floor polishing steps-

• Remove all nails to ensure you do not damage the sanding or

polishing machines
• Remove old polish with mineral turpentine
• Sand floor utilizing progressively finer graded paper
• Vacuum and clean floor thoroughly
• Apply sealer to coat the floor
• Commence buffing and polishing in between coats of sealer until
the desired effect is attained
• Ensure you wear the appropriate safety equipment when sanding
or polishing your wooden floor. This includes gloves, eye
protection and a face mask.
COMPARATIVE CHART
TYPES APPLICATION RATE / sq ft
1. CERAMIC TILES Mostly used in indoor flooring. ₹ 22-60
2. VITRIFIED TILES Used where there is heavy traffic ₹ 27-98
3. MARBLE Used in residence flooring ₹ 40-145
• INDIAN MARBLE

• ITALIAN MARBLE Mostly used in interior flooring ₹ 250 – 1500

4. KOTA STONE Mostly used in outdoor spaces ₹ 14-50
(pathway, corridors, driveways)
5. GRANITE Kitchen-counter, staircases, ₹ 90-548
Windowsill, counter basin
6. WOOD FLOORING Particularly in hallways and living areas ₹ 180-340
• SOLIDWOOD

Living room, Dinning room, Bedroom, Avg ₹ 175

• ENGINEERED Kitchen

• LAMINATED Heavy traffic areas, eg- kitchen, ₹ 55 - 170

Livingroom

7. VINYL FLOORING Indoor flooring eg – in bedrooms, living ₹ 20 - 70

room etc
IMPORTANT FINDING
• Most and least durable – Most GRANITE FLOORING, Least –VINYL FLOORING

• Highest and Lowest Cost – Highest Cost - ITALIAN MARBLE, Lowest Cost –VINYL FLOORING

• Most and Least Design possibilities – Most TILES, Least – KOTA STONE

• Most and Least Colour Possibilities – Most TILES, Least – KOTA STONE

• Highest Chemical Resistance – GRANITE

• Highest and Lowest Maintenance – Highest - WOODEN FLOORING, Lowest –TILES

• Easily and Hardly Available – Easily available – TILES , Hardly Available – SOLID WOOD FLOORING

• Highest and Lowest Area Coverage In a Single Piece – Highest - VINYL FLOORING, Lowest – WOODEN FLOORING
SAMPLE
BOARD

SUPPLIER/ DEALERS

• KANAK MARBLES
• TUSHAR MARBLES
• YASH MARBLES
• AGGARWAL MARBLE

Address: Kidwai Nagar , KANPUR