Problem Tree Analysis prior to Current Situation of Informal Settlers that will be

affected by the Clark - Malolos Railway Project for San Fernando City, Pampanga

CATHERINE JOY D. CAINGAT

JOHN BRYAN A. ESPIRITU
FERDINAND Q. SAGCAL

Department of Architecture, Don Honorio Ventura State University

Ar. Marc Emil V. Miranda, uap

October 2022
 PROBLEM TREE ANALYSIS

Environmental
Absence of rights
Degradation
and state
entitlements

Increase
Chronic Urban Imposing health
Environmental No access to legal
Poverty risks
Pollution safety

Poor Waste Inadequate Limited or no

Unstable Income
Management Sanitation access to security
of tenure

Informal Settlements in San Fernando,

Pampanga
(The households that will be affected by the
Clark – Malolos Railway Project)

Rural – Urban Rapid Population Rapid

Migration Urbanization Growth Industrialization

Lack of Basic Surge in demand Employment and

Low – paid work Services and Job for affordable Social Contracts
Opportunities housing

High Rent
Poverty Marginalization
Elsewhere
 The proponents of the study came up with the problem tree analysis and identified the
core problem as “Informal Settlements in San Fernando, Pampanga”. The informal
settlements that are prioritized and being described on the core problem are those households
that will be affected by the Clark – Malolos Railway Project. The causes are branched out
which are evident upon this type of setting. The causes are dominant factors in which makes
households move into privately or government owned lands in nearby cities where center of
work is located. Also, factors on rural areas make them move to informal settlements in their
perspective of having a more convenient life.

The effects that are branched out then show the setting on how informal settlements
are which poses different risk. These are risks on their surrounding in which waste
management is not properly planned that also turns into hazard on their own health. Also,
since most of lands they are settling in are privately owned or government owned areas, the
threat of legal safety in their part is imminent.