The dynamics of ALHN for updating inputs of neurons are defi ned as:

()
,
,
,,
,,
,
,
,,,,,
,
()()
k
ip
k
ip
kk
i ip i ip
kkk
ipip
NG k
k k k k k loss
loss D i p k
iip
kk
kkkllik
iiixiiflikkip
lip
dU E
dt V
dF V dE V
t
dV dV
VPPVP
V
V V X V t Q t dQ U
dV
ll
hh
b
b
=
=
=-∂=
∂
IE ˆ
O A + ˜ E ￣ OO
O E E ˆ ˘ E ∂ ˆ - I+ I + A + - ˜ ˙ A - ˜ I E ￣ ˚ E ∂ ￣
EEˆ˘
+I+A--+˜˙\+OIE￣˚
A
A
1
0
1
1
，OOOO˝
OO
OO
OO
OO
˛
(2.59)
()
,
,
,
,,,,,
k
if
k
if
NG
kkkk
ifD
s
k
kkkllk
i i ix i if l i if
l
dU E
dt V
VVF
V V X V tQ U
gg
hh
b
b
=
=
=-∂=
∂
IE E ˆ ˘ ，
OI + A - ˜ ˙ O OI E ￣ ˚ O -I ˝
O E E ˆ ˘ O O- I + A - - + ˜ ˙ + O O I E ￣ ˚ ˛
A
A
1
0
1
(2.60)

, ()
,,,,,
,
kk
ixkkkllk
kiiixiifliix
ixl
dU E V V X V tQ U
dt V h h
∂b
∂=
IEˆ，
=-=-I+A--+˜+˝OE￣˛
0 A
1
(2.61)
􀂦 􀀠 􀀠􀀎􀀐
􀁷
􀁷
􀀠􀀎
NG
i
k
ip
k
D
k
k loss
k
PPV
V
E
dt
dU
1
,
􀁏
􀁏 (2.62)
k
D
NG
i
k
kif
k
VF
V
E
dt
dU
􀀠􀀐
􀁷
􀁷
􀀎 􀀠 􀂦􀀠1
,
􀁊
􀁊 (2.63)

􀀋􀀌􀂦 􀀠

􀀠􀀐􀀐􀀎
􀁷
􀁷
􀀠􀀎
k
l
l
li
l
iif
k
kix
i
k
iVXVtQ
V
E
dt
dU
1
,
0
,
,
,
􀁋
􀁋 (2.64)