Solution

PRACTICE PAPER I

Class 12 - Mathematics

1. (a) many-one and onto

Explanation: one-one: Let f(m) = f(n)

Three cases arise

i. m and n are both odd

clearly, f(m) = f(n) ⇒ 1

2
(m + 1) =
1

2
(m + 1)

=m+n
ii. m and n are both even

in this case f(m) = f(n) ⇒ m

2
+
n

2
⇒ m = n

iii. m is even n is odd

in this case f(m) = f(n)

(n + 1)

n 1
⇒ =
2 2

⇒ x ≠ 3

Hence f is not one-one.

Onto: let n ∈ N (co-domai Now f(m)) = n

1
(m + 1),  in is odd
i.e. m = { 2

, m is even 
2

So, for every n is co-domain. These exists m is domain r.t

n = f(m)

So, f is onto

Hence f is many-one onto function.

1
(n + 1),  when n is odd 
f: N →  N: f(x) = { 2

n
 

,  when n is even. 
2

One-One function
When n is odd When n is even

f(1) = 1 f(2) = 1

f(3) = 2 f(4) = 2
It is clear from the above that the function is many-one  and Onto function

 
2. (c) Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric

Explanation: The given relation on set N of natural number is

R = {(a, b)| a is a factor of b}

or R = {((a, b)| a divides b}

Now,

Reflexivity:- Since for every a ∈ N , a divides a 

∴  (a, a) ∈  R

So, R is Reflexive

Symmetric: closely (1, 2) ∈ R as 1 divides 2

cont (2, 1) ∉ R as 2 doesn't divide 1

So, R is not symmetric

Transitive: Let (a, b), (b, c) ∈ R

⇒  'a' divides 'b' and 'b' divides 'c'

⇒  a divides c

⇒  (a, c) ∈  R

∴ R is transitine

Hence R is Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.

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3. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: For one to one function, if f(x) = f(y)

then x = y

∴ 1+x =1+x
2
1
2
2

x = x

2 2
1 2

here, every element in the range maps to only one element in domain.

∴ f(x) is strictly monoatomic function and one to one function.

4. (a) [1, 2]

Explanation: f(x) = [1, 2]

−−−−− −−−−−
⇒  0 ≤  x - 1 ≤  1 [Since,√x − 1 ≥  0 and -1 ≤  √x − 1 ≤  1]

⇒  1 ≤  x ≤  2

∴  x ∈  [1, 2]

5. (b) no real values

α 0 1 0
Explanation: Given, A = [ ],B = [ ]

1 1 5 1
2
α 0 α 0 α 0
⇒ A
2
= [ ][ ]= [ ]

1 1 1 1 α + 1 1

Also, given, A2 = B

2
α 0 1 0
⇒ [ ]= [ ]

α + 1 1 5 1

= 1  and α  + 1 = 5

2
⇒ α

Which is not possible at the same time

∴  No real values of α exists.

6. (d) -3x2 sin (2x3)

Explanation: Given,y = cos2 x3 = (cos(x3))2

dy

dx
3
= (2 cos x ) (− sin(x )) × 3x
3 2

Using 2 sin A cos A = sin 2A

 = -3x2 sin (2x3)
dy

dx

7. (a) 3

√1−x2

Explanation: Given that y = sin-1 (3x - 4x3)

Let x = sin θ

⇒ θ = sin
−1
x

Then, y = sin (3 sin θ − 4 sin θ)

−1 3

Using sin 3θ = 3 sin θ − 4 sin θ , we get

3

y = sin
−1

(sin 3θ) = 3θ = 3 sin

−1
x

Differentiating with respect to x, we obtain

dy 3
=
dx √1−x2

8. (a) local minima at x = 1

Explanation: Given, f(x) = x3 - 3x

f'(x) = 3x2 - 3
For point of inflexion we have f'(x) = 0
′ 2
f (x) = 0 ⇒ 3x − 3 = 0 = 3 (x − 1) (x + 1) ⇒ x = ±1

Hence, f(x) has a point of inflexion at x = 0.

When , x is slightly less than 1, f'(x) = (+)(-)(+) i.e, negative
When x is slightly greater than 1, f'(x)= (+)(+)(+) i.e, positive
Hence, f'(x) changes its sign from negative to positive as x increases through 1 and hence x = 1 is a point of local minimum.
9. (c) 6

Explanation:

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 Given,  dx

dt
 = 3 cm/sec,

dy

dt
 = -4 cm/sec

From the figure,

x2 + y2 = (10)2 ...(i)

Differentiating with respect to t, we get

dx dy
2x dt
 + 2y dt
 = 0

dx dy
⇒ x
dt
+ y
dt
 = 0

⇒ 3x - 4y = 0

4y
⇒ x =  3

4y
Substituting x = 3
in (i), we get,

 + y2 = 102

4y
( )
3

⇒  y = 6m
10. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: Let f(x) = x2 - 8x + 17

∴ f'(x) = 2x - 8

So, f'(x) = 0, gives x = 4

Here x = 4 is the critical number

Now, f''(x) = 2 > 0 , ∀ x

So, x = 4 is the point of local minima.

∴ Minimum value of f(x) at x = 4,

f(4) = 4 × 4 - 8 × 4 + 17 = 1

Hence, we can say that both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
−−−− −−− − 9
11. (b) sin x

2
2
√9 − sin x +
2
sin
−1
(
sin x

3
) + c

−−−− −−− −
Explanation: The given integral is ∫ 2
cos x√9 − sin xdx

Put sin x = t and cos x dx = dt. Then,

−−−−− −−−−− 9
2
I = ∫ √9 − t dt =
t

2
√9 − t2 +
2
sin
−1 t

3
+ C

sin x
−−−− −−− − 9 sin x
2 −1
= √9 − sin x + sin ( ) + C
2 2 3

12. (a) 0

π/2

Explanation: Note that sin9x is an odd function, therefore, ∫

9
sin xdx = 0

−π/2

13. (c) 20π sq. units

Explanation: The area of the standard ellipse is given by ; πab. Here, a = 5 and b = 4 Therefore, the area of curve is
π (5) (4) = 20π.

–
14. (d) √2 - 2

dy
Explanation: dx
 + 2y tan x = 2 sin x

I.F = e  = sec2 x

∫ 2 tan xdx

The solution of the differential equation is

y ×  I.F. = ∫ I . F ⋅ ×  2 sin x dx + C

⇒ y ⋅ sec x = ∫ 2 sin x ⋅ sec  x dx + C

2 2

⇒ y sec2 x = 2 sec x + C ...(i)

When x =  , y = 0; then C = -4

∴  From (i), y sec2 x = 2 sec x - 4

2 sec x−4 –
⇒ y =
2
⇒ y(
π

4
)  = √2 - 2
sec x

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15. (a) 2 and 4

Explanation: We have

2 1/4
d y dy

2
+ (
dx
) = −x
1/5
 

dx

1/4 2
dy d y
⇒ ( ) = − (x
1/5
+ )  

dx dx2

2 4
dy d y
⇒ = (x
1/5
+ )  

dx dx2

∴  Order = 2, Degree = 4

16. (b) a⃗ ⋅ b ⃗ = b ⃗ ⋅ c ⃗ = c ⃗ ⋅ a⃗ = 0

Explanation: (a⃗ × b)⃗  ⋅ c ⃗ = |(a⃗ × b)||

⃗ 
c |⃗  cos α     (where α  is the angle between  a⃗ × b and c )

⃗  ⃗ 

F or α = 0 or π

⃗  ⃗ 
|(a⃗ × b) ⋅ c |⃗  = |(a⃗ × b)||c |⃗ 

 ⃗ ⃗ 
|(a⃗ × b) ⋅ c |⃗  = |(a⃗ × b sin β)||c |⃗ 

For β = π

 ⃗

⃗ 
|(a⃗ × b) ⋅ c |⃗  = |a⃗ ||b||c |⃗ 

Hence, given relation holds good if

⃗  ⃗ 
a⃗ ⋅ b = 0, b ⋅ c ⃗ = 0, c ⃗ ⋅ a⃗ = 0

17. (d) k = 1
ork = −
1

√3 √3

Explanation: We know that if l , m , n are direction cosines of a lines then l2 +m2 +n2= 1

so, k2 + k2 +k2 = 1

3 k2 = 1

k2 = 1/3

taking squareroot on both sides , we have k = 1

ork = −
1

√3 √3

18. (d) 2

Explanation: Since, cos2α  + cos2β  + cos2γ  = 1

⇔  3 -(sin2α  + sin2β  + sin2γ ) = 1

⇔  sin2α  + sin2β  + sin2γ = 2

19. (c) 0.72

Explanation: The probability of failure of the first component = 0.2 = P(A)

The probability of failure of second component = 0.3 = P(B)

The probability of failure of third component = 0.5 = P(C)

As the events are independent,

The machine will operate only when all the components work, i.e.,

(1 - 0.2)(1 - 0.3)(1 - 0.5) = P(A’)P(B’)P(C’)

In rest of the cases, it won’t work,

So P(A ∪ B ∪ C) = 1 - P(A’ ∩ B’ ∩ C’) = 1 - (0.8).(0.7).(0.5)

⇒ 1 - 0.28 = 0.72

20. (b) 1

Explanation: The die is thrown twice,

So the favourable outcomes that the sum appears to be 7 are

(1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2) and (6,1)

Out of these 2 appears twice,

So the probability that 2 appears at least once is:

Favorable outcomes
=
Total outcomes

2 1
⇒ =
6 3

21. Here, R satisfies the following properties:

i. Reflexivity

Let a be an arbitrary element of Z.

Then, (a -a) = 0 which is even.

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 ∴ (a, a) ∈ R∀a ∈ Z

so, R is reflexive.
ii. Symmetry

(a, b) ∈ R ⇒ (a − b) is even 

= -(a -b ) is even

= (b - a) is even

⇒ (b, a) ∈ R

R is symmetric.
iii. Let a , b c be arbitrary elements of Z such that (a, b) ∈ R and (b,c )∈ R then,we have,

(a - b ) is even and (b - c) is even

=> (a - c ) is even

(a, c) ∈ R

R is transitive.

Thus, R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Hence, R is an equivalence relation in Z.

cos θ sin θ
22. We have A = [ ]

− sin θ cos θ

∴ A2 = A . A

cos θ sin θ cos θ sin θ

=[ ][ ]

− sin θ cos θ − sin θ cos θ

2 2
cos θ − sin θ cos θ sin θ + sin θ cos θ
=[ 2

]
2
− sin θ cos θ − cos θ sin θ − sin θ + cos θ

cos 2θ 2 sin θ cos θ cos 2θ sin 2θ

=[ ]= [ ]

−2 sin θ cos θ cos 2θ − sin 2θ cos 2θ

Hence proved.
23. Let y = cos-1 (cot x)

Putting cot x = t, we get y = cos-1 t and t = cot x.

Now, y = cos-1 t ⇒
dy −1

dt
=

√1−t2

And t = cot x ⇒ dt

dx
= -cosec2 x

dy dy 2 2

∴
dx
= (
dt
×
dt

dx
) = cose c x
= cose c x
[∵ t = cot x]

√1−t2 √1− cot 2 x

Hence, d

dx
(cos
−1
(cot x)] = cose c x

√1− cot 2 x

24. f(x) = x2

⇒ f'(x) = 2x

Now, f'(x) = 0

⇒ x = 0

⇒ x = 0 is the only critical point which could possibly be the point of local maxima or local minima of f.

⇒ f (0) = 2 , which is positive.

′′

Then, by second derivative test,

⇒ x = 0 is point of local minimum of f and value of 'f ' at x = 0 is f(0) = 0

2
cos 2x+2 sin x
25. ∫ 2
dx

sin x
2 2

= ∫
1−2 sin x+2 sin

2
x
dx

sin x
1
= ∫
2
dx

sin x

= ∫ cos ec xdx
2

= -cot x + C
26. R is not reflexive, as a line L1 cannot be ⊥ to itself i.e (L1,L1 ) ∉ R

5 / 11
 Let (L , L ) ∈ R

1 2

⇒ L1 ⊥ L2

⇒ L2 ⊥ L1

⇒ (L2,L1) ∈ R

⇒ R is symmetric

Let (L , L ) ∈ R and (L
1 2 2, L3 ) ∈ R ,then

L1 ⊥ L2 and L2 ⊥ L3

Then L1 can never be ⊥ to L3 in fact L1 || L3

i.e (L1,L2) ∈ R, (L2,L3) ∈ R.

But (L1, L3) ∉ R

R is not transitive.
27. Applying R → (R 1 1 + R2 + R3 ) , we get
∣x + 4 x + 4 x + 4∣
∣ ∣
1 x 1
∣ ∣
∣ 3 2 x ∣

Taking (x+4) common from R1, we get

∣1 1 1 ∣
∣ ∣
Δ = (x + 4) 1 x 1
∣ ∣
∣3 2 x∣

Applying C 2 → C2 − C1 , C3 → C3 − C1 we get
∣1 0 0 ∣
∣ ∣
Δ = (x + 4) 1 x − 1 0
∣ ∣
∣3 −1 x − 3∣

Expanding along R1,

Δ = (x + 4) [(x - 1) (x - 3) - 0].
∆ = (x + 4)(x - 1)(x - 3)
Thus, Δ = 0 implies
x = -4, 1, 3
–
28. We have, f (x) = sin x + √3 cos x
′
–
∴ f (x) = cos x + √3 (− sin x)
–
= cos x − √3 sin x
–
For f ′
(x) = 0, cos x = √3 sin x
1 π
⇒ tan x = = tan
√3 6

π
⇒ x =
6

Again, differentiating f ′
(x) we get
′′
–
f (x) = − sin x − √3 cos x
–
At x = π

6
,f
′′
(x) = − sin
π

6
− √3 cos
π

1 – √3
= − √3.
2 2
1 3
= − − = −2 < 0
2 2
– –
Hence, at x = π

6
, f (x) has maximum value and maximum value is f( )= sin
π

6
π

6
+ √3 cos
6
π
=
1

2
+ √3(
1
) .
√3

1 3
= + 1 =
2 2

29. Let 5x + 3 = A d

dx
(x
2
+ 4x + 10) + B

⇒ 5x + 3 = A(2x + 4) + B

Now, equating the coefficients of x and constant term on both sides, we get,

2A = 5

5
⇒ A=
2

4A + B = 3

⇒ B = -7

5
⇒ 5x + 3 =
2
(2x + 4) − 7

5
(2x+4)−7
5x+3
Again, ∫ dx = ∫
2
dx

√x2 +4x+10 √x2 +4x+10

6 / 11
 5 2x+4 1
⇒
2
∫ dx − 7 ∫ dx

√x2 +4x+10 √x2 +4x+10

2x+4
Now, let us consider, ∫ dx

√x2 +4x+10

Let x2 + 4x + 10 = t

⇒ (2x + 4) dx = dt

2x+4 −−−−−−−−−−
∴ ∫ dx = ∫
dt 2
= 2√t = 2√x + 4x + 10 ......(i)

√x2 +4x+10 √t

And, Now let us consider, ∫ 1

dx

√x2 +4x+10

⇒ ∫
1
dx = ∫
1
dx

√x2 +4x+10 2
( √x +4x+4)+ √6

⇒ ∫
1

2 2
dx

(x+2) +( √6)
−−−−−−−−− −
= log |(x + 2)√x2 + 4x + 10| .....(ii)

using eq. (i) and (ii), we get,

5x+3 −−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−

⇒ ∫ dx =
5

2
2 2
[2√x + 4x + 10] − 7 log(x + 2)√x + 4x + 10| + C

√x2 +4x+10

5x+3 −−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−

2 2
⇒ ∫ dx = 5√x + 4x + 10 − 7 log |(x + 2)√x + 4x + 10| + C
√x2 +4x+10

30. We have,

A(1,1,2), B(2,3,5) and C(1,5,5)

→ →
Area of triangle ABC is 1

2
|AB × AC |

→
AB = (2 - 1)^i + (3 - 1)^j + (5 - 2)k
^
= 1^i + 2^j + 3k
^

→
AC = (1 - 1)^i + (5 - 1)^j + (5 - 2)k
^
= 0^i + 4^j + 3k
^

∣ ^ ^ ^∣
ı ȷ k
−
−→ −
−→ ∣ ∣
AB × AC = ∣1 2 3∣

∣ ∣
∣0 4 3∣

= ^i (2 × 3 - 4 × 3) - ^j (1 × 3 - 0 × 3) + k
^
(1 × 4 - 0 × 2)

= ^i (6 - 12) - ^j (3 - 0) + k
^
(4 - 0)

= -6^i - 3^j + 4k
^

−
−→ −
−→ −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Magnitude of AB × AC = √(−6) 2
+ (−3)
2
+ 4
2

−
−→ −
−→
−−−−−−−−− −−
|AB × AC | = √36 + 9 + 16 = √61

−
−→ −
−→
Area of triangle ABC = 1

2
|AB × AC |

−− √61
= 1

2
× √61 = 2

√61
Therefore, the required area is 2
.
31. Let E1 : the student knows the answer, then, P(E1) = 3

1
E2 : the student guesses the answer, then, P(E2) = 4

Let A: the answer is correct.

) = 1, P (

A A 1
P( )=
E1 E2 4

Hence, by Baye's theorm, we have,

E1 P ( E1 )P (A/E1 )
P(
A
)=

P ( E1 )P (A/E1 )+P ( E2 )P (A/E2 )

3
1×
4 12
= =
3 1 1 13
1× + ×
4 4 4

32. i. n(s) = 6 × 6 = 36

Let A represents obtaining a sum greater than 9 and B represents black die resulted in a 5.

A = (46, 64, 55, 36, 63, 45, 54, 65, 56, 66) ⇒ n(A) = 10

n(B)
P (A) = B = (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56) ⇒ n(B) = 6 P(B) = =
6

36

n(S)

A∩ B = (55, 56) ⇒ n (A ∩ B) = 2

2 P (A∩ B) 36 2 1
P (A ∩ B) = P (A|B) = = = =
36 P (B) 6 6 3

36

ii. Let A denote the sum is 8

∴ A = {(2, 6). (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2)}

7 / 11
 B = Red die results in a number less than 4, either first or second die is red

∴ B = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3,

6)}

n(B)
P (B) = =
18

36
=
1

n(S)

A∩ B = {(2, 6), (3, 5) ⇒ n (A ∩ B) = 2

2 1
P (A ∩ B) = 36
=
18

1
P (A∩ B)
18 2 1
P (A|B) = = = =
P (B) 1 18 9
2

∣2 −3 5 ∣
∣ ∣
33. We have , |A|= ∣ 3 2 −4
∣
∣1 1 −2 ∣

=2[-4+4]+3[-6+4]+5[3-2]=0+3(-2)+5(1)=-6+5=-1≠ 0
∴ A-1 exists
Now, A11 = 0, A12 = 2, A13 = 1

A21 = -1, A22 = -9, A23 = -5

A31 = 2, A32 = 23, A33 = 13

0 −1 2
⎡ ⎤

∴ adjA = ⎢ 2 −9 23 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
1 −5 13
−1 1
∴ A = (adjA)
|A|

0 −1 2
⎡ ⎤
1
= ⎢2 −9 23 ⎥
−1
⎣ ⎦
1 −5 13

0 1 −2
⎡ ⎤

= ⎢ −2 9 −23 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−1 5 −13

The given system of equation can be written is Ax = B, X = A-1B

2 −3 5 x 11 11
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⎢3 2 −4 ⎥ ⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢ −5 ⎥ replace column matrix of RHS by ⎢ −5 ⎥

⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 5 −2 z 3 3
−1
x 2 −3 5 11
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢3 2 −4 ⎥ ⎢ −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
z 1 5 −2 3

0 1 −2 11
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤

= ⎢ −2 9 −23 ⎥ ⎢ −5 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
−1 5 −13 −3

x 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢2⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
z 3

x=1
y=2
z=3
34. i. (c)
ii. (b)
iii. (b)
iv. (b)
v. (a)
dy
35. i. (c) The given differential equation can be written as dx
+ 2y cot x = cosec x

∴ I.F. = e ∫ 2 cot xdx

= e2 log |sin x| = (sin x)2

∴ λ =2

8 / 11
 ii. (c) We have, (1 - x2)
dy

dx
- xy = 1

dy
⇒ −
x
⋅ y = 1

dx 1−x2 1−x2
x 1 −2x
− ∫ dx ∫ dx

∴ I.F. = e 1−x2 = e
2 1−x2

1
1
log(1− x )
2 2 −−−−−
=e 2 = e
log (1− x ) 2
= √1 − x2

e-x

dy
iii. (b) We have, dx
+y=
It is a linear differential equation with I.F. = e ∫ dx
= ex

Now, solution is y⋅ ex = ∫ e
x
⋅ e
−x
dx + c

⇒ yex = ∫ dx + c ⇒ yex = x + c ⇒ y = xe-x + ce-x

∵ y(0) = 0 ⇒ c = 0 ∴ y = xe-x
dy
iv. (a) We have, dx
+ y tan x = sec x

It is a linear differential equation with

I.F. = e = elog|sec x| = sec x

∫ tan xdx

Now, solution is y secx = ∫ sec x dx + c

2

⇒ y secx = tanx + c
dy
v. (c) We have, dx
- 3y = sin 2x

It is a linear differential equation with

I.F. = e ∫ −3dx
= e-3x
36. Here,it is given that

^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r ⃗ = (6 i + 3k) +λ(2 i − j + 4k)

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r ⃗ = (−9 i + j − 10k) +μ(4 i + j + 6k)

Here,we have

→
a1 = 6 ^
^
ı + 3k

→
^ ^ ^
b1 = 2 i − j + 4k

→
^
a2 = −9i + j − 10k

→
b2 = 4 ^
ı + ^
^
ȷ + 6k

Thus,

∣ ^ ^ ^∣
ı ȷ k
→ → ∣ ∣
b1 × b2 = ∣2 −1 4∣

∣ ∣
∣4 1 6∣

^
= i(−6 − 4) − j(12 − 16)+ k(2 + 4)

→ →
∴ b1 × b2 = −10 ^
ı + 4^
^
ȷ + 6k

→ → −−−−−−−−−−−−−
2
∴ | b1 × b2 | = √(−10) + 4
2
+ 6
2

−−−−−−−−−− −
= √100 + 16 + 36

−−−
= √152

→ →
^
a2 − a1 = (−9 − 6)1 +(1 − 0)^
^
ȷ + (6 − 3)k

→ →
∴ a2 − a1 = −15 ^
ı + ^
^
ȷ + 3k

Now,

→ → → →
(b1 × b2 ) ⋅ (a2 − a1 ) = (−10 ^
ı + 4^
^
ȷ +6k) ⋅ (−15 ^
ı + ^
^
ȷ + 3k)

= ((−10) × (−15)) +(4 × 1) + (6 × 3)

= 150 + 4 + 18

= 172

Thus, the shortest distance the given lines is

→ → → →
∣ ∣
( b1 × b2 )⋅( a2 − a1 )
d = ∣
→ →
∣

∣ | b1 × b2 | ∣

∣ 172 ∣
∴ d =
∣ ∣

√152

172
∴ d =

2√38

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 ∴ d =
86

√38

d =
86
units
√38

37. We have the following LPP,

Maximise, Z = 2x + 5y

Subject to the constraints

2x + 4y ≤ 8 or x + 2y ≤ 4

3x + y ≤ 6

x + y ≤ 4

x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

Now,to find the feasible regions for the given inequations on the graph , we need to sketch the lines of the equation. Hence
considering the inequations as equations,

we get

x+ 2y = 4 ...(i)

3x+ y= 6  ...(ii)

and x+y=4  ....(iii)

Table of values for line ( i) x + 2y = 4 is as follows.

x 4 0

y 0 2
So, the line ( i) passes through the points  (4, 0) and (0, 2).

On replacing the coordinates of the origin O (0, 0) in the inequality x + 2y ≤ 4 we get

0 + 0 ≤ 4  , 0 ≤ 4  [which is true], the half plane for the inequality for ( i)is towards the origin, means that the origin O( 0,0) lies

in the solution region of the inequality of the line( i).

Table of values for line (ii), 3x + y = 6 is given as follows.

x 2 0

y 0 6
So, the line ( ii) passes through the points with coordinates (2, 0) and (0, 6).

On replacing the coordinates of the origin O (0, 0) in the inequality 3x + y ≤ 6 , We get

0 + 0 ≤ 6   , 0 ≤ 6  [which is true]

So, the half plane for the inequality of the line (ii) is towards the origin, means the coordinates of the origin O( 0,0) lies in the
feasible region of the inequality of the line (ii).

Table of values for line (iii), x + y = 4 is as follows.

x 4 0

y 0 4
From the above table we can see that the line ( iii) x + y = 4 , passes through the points with coordinates ( 4,0 ) and ( 0,4) .
On replacing the coordinates of the origin O ( 0, 0) in the inequality x + y ≤ 4

we get

0 + 0 ≤ 4   , 0 ≤ 4   [which is true]

So, the half plane represented by the inequation of ( iii) is towards the origin, means that the coordinates of the origin (0,0) lies in
the feasible region of the inequation of ( iii).

Also,x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 , is the non negative constraints which represents the region lies in the 1st quadrant only.

The intersection point of lines (i) and (ii) is

B( 8

5
,
6

5
) .

The graphical representation of the system of inequations as given below

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 Clearly, from the above graph, the feasible region is represented by OABCO is bounded and the coordinates of the comer points
are given by 

O(0, 0), A(2, 0), B (

8

5
,
6

5
) , C (0, 2)

The values of Z at comer points are as follows

Corner Points Z = 2x + 5y

0(0, 0) Z=0+0=0

A (2, 0) Z = (2 × 2) + (5 × 0) = 4

8 6 8 6 46
B( , ) Z = (2 × ) + (5 × )= = 9.2
5 5 5 5 5

C(0, 2) Z = (2 × 0) + (5 × 2) = 10 (maximum)
Hence, from the table the maximum value of Z is 10.Hence the maximum value of the objective function Z is 10. which occurs
when x = 0 and y = 2.
38. Let E1: Event that the student knows the answer

E2: Event that the student guesses the answer

E: Event that the answer is correct

Here, E1 and E2 are mutually exclusive and exhaustive events.

∴ P (E1 ) =
3

5
 and P (E2 ) =
2

Now,P ( E1
E
) = P (the student answered correctly, given the knows the answer)=1

P (
E

E2
) = P (the student answered correctly, given he gusses)= 1

The probability that the student knows the answer given that he answered it correctly is

E1
given by P ( E
)

By using Baye's theorem, we get

E
P( )⋅P ( E1 )
E1 E

1
P ( ) =
E E E
P( )P ( E1 )+P ( )P ( E2 )
E1 E2

3 3
1×

=
3
5

1 2
=
3
5

1× + × +
5 3 5 5 15
3

5 3×3 9
= = =
15+10 25 25

15

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