COLEGIO DE CIENCIAS E INGENIERIAS Edwin Espinoza (00125443) Wilson Erazo (00121445) Cristina Gallardo (00126664) Reinforced ConcreteIntroduction to Direct Design Method: It isa simplified process to determine the design bending moment of the reinforced slab in two directions. The components designed using this program meet the strength requirements of the structure and most of the conditions required to maintain adequate performance under service loads. This method makes the si nplicity of its procedures consistent with the results obtained through theoretical procedures and the observations made over the years sing such structures. This method is applied to the two directions of floor reinforcement. For analysis, the slab is divided into sections consisting of columns and two central halves, one on each side. These parts of the slab are treated as wide flat beams and are analyzed independently of each other. This method basically includes three stages: * The determination of the total static moment Mo is equal to the sum of the positive moment at the center of the span between the supports and the negative moment on them, * The total static moment distribution between the support and the center of the span. * The distribution of positive moments at the column bar and the central half- spectively. Some limitations of this method are: 1. The slab must have at least three layers in each direction. 2. The panel must be rectangular, and the ratio of the maximum and minimum center-to-center dimensions is less than 2. 3. The center span of adjacent spans does not differ by more than one-third of the larger of the two spans. 4. The offset between the column and its main axis shall not exceed 10% of the center-to- center span of the continuous column 5. All applied loads shall be gravity loads and shall be evenly distributed throughout the span. The live load should be less than twice the dead load, This method provides live load alternationExercise of Direct Design 1. First, we need to estimate a live load and dead live. Dead Load. Dead load. Weight. | Units Reinforce concrete 48 T KN/m2 Brick masonry 45 | KNim2 Steel 195 KN/m2 Total 28,8 KN/m2 Live load. Live load Weight. | Units Window 48 KN/m2 Mobile seats 48 KN/m2 Reading rooms 29 KNim2 Total 12,5 KN/m2 2. Data with use to calculate de the total static moment. Data | Units Long span direction | 5,50) m Short span direction | 4,50) m Thickness 25 m fe 28 | Mpa ty 420 Mpa 3. Now we need to calculate de axil load for live load and dead load. 2 DL + 1,6LL 4, Long span direction5000 nee 230 h > 166,66 is ok because it is lees that thiness Calculate total static moment, Qu+i2*in 22 8 lo = Mo= AON 55)" Mo = 767,813 KN *m Negative Moment: 0,65Mo Negative Moment = 500 KN +m Positive Moment: 0,35Mo Positive Moment = 270 KN * m Mneg= 100 KN*m Mpos= $4 KN*m Strip Column __|Middle [column __| Middle Strip Width (m) 275 2.75 2.75 275 Distribution (%) 15% 25%. 60% 40% h (mm) 250 250 250 250 4 (mm) 221 221 21 221 0,95 (mm) 210 210 210 210 Mu | (KN*m) 375 125 162, 108 As requerida (mm2) 47s 1575 2041 1361 As min (mm2) 1238 1238 1238 1238 S(mm) - 18mm 148 444 343 sid s(mm). - 16mm 17) 351 211 406Bars Column _|Middle _|column _| Middle n-18mm 19 6 8 n- 16mm 24 8 10 3. Short span direction. dshort = 250m ~ 20m — 16mm — 8mm dshort = 206m In = 450m = 0,5m n= 4m. _in ~ 30 4000 3 2000 #29 h > 133,33 is ok because it is lees that thiness h> 6. Calculate total static moment Qu I2«In *2 Mo = : Mo= BONES Mo = 600.6 KN +m Negative Moment: 0,65Mo Negative Moment = 400 KN +m Positive Moment: 0,35Mo Positive Moment = 200 KN +m Bars Column [Middle _|column _| Middle n 15 5 6 4 in 19 6 8 5Mneg= 100 KN*m Mpos= 54 KN*m Strip Column Middle column _ Middle Strip Width (m) 2,75 2,75 2,75 2,75 Distribution (%) | 75% 25% 60% 40% | h (mm) 250 250 250 250 d (mm) 221 221 221 221 095d (mm) 210 210 210 210 Mu (KN*m) 300 100 120 80 As requerida (mm2) 3780 1260 1512 1008 As min (mm2) 1238 1238 1238 1238 (mm) - 18mm 185 555 463 694 S(mm). - | 16mm 146 439 366 549 trawing the floor plan