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P5 Maths CB Unit
P5 Maths CB Unit
Unit - 3
Primary Five
Issued by Maths Department
MULTIPLICATION &
DIVISION OF INTEGERS
3.1 Multiplication of integers
1. To multiply two integers of the same sign, we take the positive sign
for the answer.
( + a ) × ( +b ) = ab
( - a ) × ( - b ) = ab
Example ( -2 ) ( -3 ) = 6
(3) (4) = 12
Worked Example 4
Calculate the following.
(a) -51 × 16 (b) 27 × (-18)
(c) -95 × (-26) (d) 0 × (-27)
Solution :
(a) -51 × 16 = - (51 × 16) (b) 27 × (-18) = - (27 × 18)
= - 816 = - 486
Unit 3
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Multiplication & Division of Integers
ILBC
Exercise (3.1)
1. Find the products of the following.
(a) 3 × (-5) (b) 4 × (-1)
(c) -3 × (-2) (d) 0 × (-3)
(e) -5 × 0 (f) 18 × 11
(g) -14 × (-7) (h) -7 × (-2) × 3
(i) -3 × 4 × (-5) (j) ( 5 ) × (-3) × (2)
(k) 3 × (-8) × 0 (l) -7 × (-3) × (-2)
(m) -5 × (-8) × (-3) (n) -2 × (-3) × (-4) × (-5)
(o) -3 × 4 × (-8) × (-7) (p) -2 × 0 × 3 × (-5)
(q) -12 × (-11) × (-321) (r) -25 × (-26) × 123
(s) -16 × (-123) × (-37) (t) -214 × (-15) × (-125)
(u) 13 × (-10) × (-310) (v) 45 × (-14) × 377
(w) 6 × (-18) × (-7) (x) -27 × 8 × (-15)
(y) 5 × (-19) × (-102) (z) -25 × 6 × (-200)
×6
-7 -42
6
Unit 3 25
Multiplication & Division of Integers
ILBC
× positive integer
positive positive
integer integer
positive integer
× negative integer
positive negative
integer integer
negative integer
× positive integer
negative negative
integer integer
positive integer
× negative integer
negative positive
integer integer
negative integer
These ‘arrow diagrams’ suggest the following rules for division of integers.
Unit 3
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Multiplication & Division of Integers
ILBC
Worked Example 5
Evaluate the following.
(a) -984 8 (b) 598 ( -13 )
(c) -1932 ( -23 ) (d) 0 (-328)
Solution :
(a) -984 8 = - (984 8) (b) 598 (-13) = - (598 13 )
= - 123 = -46
(c) -1932 (-23) = 1932 23 (d) 0 (-328) = 0
= 84
Exercise (3.2)
Evaluate the following.
1) - 8 4 2) -24 6
3) -45 9 4) 9 (-3)
5) 42 (-7) 6) 0 (-18)
7) 72 (-6) 8) -9 (-3)
9) -32 (-8) 10) -72 (-9)
11) -123 3 12) -456 6
13) 448 (-8) 14) 207 (-9)
15) -244 (-4)
Unit 3 27
Multiplication & Division of Integers
ILBC
Exercise (3.3)
1. Name the law for each of the following sentences.
(a) 2 + 3 = 3 + 2 (b) (2 + 7) + 3 = 2 + (7 + 3)
(c) 3 + (2 + 5) = (3 + 2) + 5 (d) 7 × 8 = 8 × 7
(e) (9 × 4) × 3 = 9 × (4 ×3) (f) 7 × (8 × 5) = (7 × 8) × 5
Unit 3
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Multiplication & Division of Integers
ILBC
Column A Column B
(a) (3 + 2) + 4 (i) 3 + (2 + 4)
(b) 5 + (3 + 2) (ii) (4 + 7) × 2
(c) 4 × (3 + 7) (iii) 4 × (6 + 3)
(d) (6 + 3) ×4 (iv) 5 + (2 + 3)
(e) (7 + 4) ×2 (v) (1 + 2) × 3 + (1 + 2) × 4
(f) (9 × 3) ×2 (vi) (5 + 4) × (3 × 2)
(g) (1 + 2) × (3 + 4) (vii) (4 ×3) + (4 × 7)
(h) [(5 + 4) ×3]×2 (viii) 9 × (3 × 2)
(i) (5 + 3) + 6 (ix) 6 + (5 + 3)
(j) 12 + (3 + 5) (x) (12 + 3) + 5
Unit 3 29
Multiplication & Division of Integers