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    Manufacturing Planning Activities

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    Manufacturing Planning Activities

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    Manufacturing Planning Activities

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    Samsudeen A

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    155 MANUFACTURING PLANNING. APPLICATIONS OF CAM je manufacturing planning applications of CAM are those in which computers are indirectly (0 support the production function but there is no direct connection between yputer and the process je computer is used off-line to provide information for the effective planning and ement of production activities, \e Important manufacturing planning applications of CAM include: (i) _ Computer-aided process planning (CAPP) (ii) Computer-assisted NC part programming (iii) Computerised machinability data systems (iv) Development of work standards (v) Cost estimating (vi) Production and inventory planning (v) Computer-aided line balancing 2 e above manufacturing planning applications of CAM are briefly outlined below, one 4. Computer-Aided Process Planning (CAPP) yeess planning is an act of preparing a detailed work instructions for the assembly of components into a finished Poaae in discrete part ynments. rocess planning consists of: » (i) the selection of manufacturing processes and Ct tooling and jigs and fixtures, . (ii) the determination of manufacturing (iii) the specification of selection criteria f ensure product quality. Ic Output of a process planning pro tions and associated machine tools luction, Computer-aided ad i* Scanned with CamScanner ¢ CAPP system are: nes of types © The two basic approac! ant) CAPP system, and r vari ‘APP system. (i) Retrieval (0 (ii) Generative C 4.24.2. Computer-Assisted No Part Programming nd documented procedure by ¥ he NC machine. The part machining oper ogram is the planned a be performed on # he sequence of the hh, etc., required to pro Numerical contro! part pr g steps to 9%) which defines # peed, feed rate, tool pat sequence of processin denoted by a symbol ( collection of the data such as spindle s part. Types of part ‘programming: 1. Manual part programming, and 2. Computer-assisted part programming. the programmer writes the ma manuscripts. ‘manual part programming, chining 1 on a special form called part program computers are employed to assist ed part programming, especially for complex part geometries. 89 Steps in computer-assisted part Programming it iputer-assisted pi in computer-assisted part programming consists ing Me program wri written in APT or other s Scanned with CamScanner the input translation component convert s tl ‘i ‘ mint COmPUtET Usable form, he coded instructions (APT) contained in the Preparatory to further Processing. pro8t parma caleuatons The arithmetic calenlefon ent Soe ll ty eloua bao praaeats ema qi cuter offset computation: ‘ This unit offset the tool Path from the desired part surface equal to the radius ofthe enter Gx Pst processor: The post processor is a separate Computer program, written to prepare the le for specific machine tool. The sequence of the Steps in computer-assisted part programming and their relationships to the part programmer and the machine tool are shown in Figure 1.89. 4.24.3, Computerized Machinability Data Systems Computer programs have been written to recommend the appropriate cutting parameters such as speed, feed and depth of cut to use for different materials. Also, several attempts have been made to computerize the machining data. A computerized data system has the following ‘advantages over a book type data bank: (i) It can store data from different sources. (ii) It can use shop parameters instead of theoretical and general data. (iii) It concentrates accumulated experience in an easily accessible form. (iv) The data base can be kept up to date. (v) Fast retrieval of selected data is possible. ‘ (vi) Rapid optimization computations are possible. (vii) Comparison of alternative cutting conditions is easy. (viii) Calculation of standard machining and geometrical formulae (ix) _ It displays recommendations in a concentrated form. The machinability computerized systems allow for user chine group speeds, feeds and operation factors. 4. Computerized Work Standards: There are several computer direct labour jobs in the factory. Scanned with CamScanner 6 computerized systems thes peat dard cost data, tooling i eta stant n time standards, ‘study used to perform the sam\ ‘manufacturing data base on operation job instructions, and so on. = The computerized systems are based on the use of standard ae og Work tr ‘Stored in computer either in a data file oF 19 the form of @ me a 1 package, the time study analyst the job to be timed by ividing j ; i for each element. The elements and specifying the attribt . the times, retrieves from the file or calculate sums and ‘necessary allowances to determine the stan The advantages of using 4 computerized system for generating: time standards. first analyzes utes of the job s the element times, dard time for the total cycle. (i) Reduction in time required to set the standard. Greater accuracy and uniformity in the time standards. Ease of maintaining the methods and standards file. ~ Elimination of the biased performance rating step. ing the time standards before the job gets into production. fed manufacturing database for production planning, asting labour requirements, tool control, efc. Estimating timating is a program that can estimate the cost of a new, al of the kev steps required 10 prepare the estimate vethead rates to the sequence of planned operations). a new product can be estimated (eyitte manpower, materials, machi;

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