THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SKIMMING SKILL AND READING

COMPREHENSION AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMKN 2

KOTABUMI NORTH LAMPUNG IN ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2020 / 2021
1
Gebby Gasella, 2Badawi, 3Elis Susanti
1
Gebbygasella96@gmail.com, 2Badawi.umko.ac.id, 3Weasley.ndka@yahoo.com

1,2,3)
Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi

Abstrak: Reading is one of factors who support into process learning sucessfully.
However, students still get any difficulties when they will apply it. One of them,
students reading speed still limited. Students often spend their times only to read all
of the text and it was over before they finished their assignment. Based on the
problem, researcher did an research to know whether there is correlation that
significant toward students skimming skill and students ability in understanding
reading teks. This research was implemented at eleventh grade students of SMKN
2 Kotabumi in academic year of 2020/2021. This research used correlational
research. The population was all of students of eleventh grade at SMKN 2
Kotabumi in academic year of 2020/2021. The amount of population were 379
students. Meanwhile, the sample were taken 10% from the population, by using
proportional random sampling. The sample in this research was 38 students. In this
research, researcher did two tests to collect the data. Multiple choice test in 20
questions was given to measure students’ reading comprehension and questionnare
with 10 statements to measure students skimming skill. Then, the data was tested
by using t-test. The result of hypothetical test showed that t count > ttable , so Hɑ was
accepted and H𝟢 was rejected. In other words, it can get conclusion that there is a
significant correlation of students’ skimming skill and students’ reading
comprehension towards understanding a text at eleventh grade students of SMKN
2 Kotabumi in academic year of 2020/2021.

Kata kunci : Correlation Skimming Skill and Reading Comprehension, Reading

Comprehension, Skimming Skill

I. INTRODUCTION Jeffries (2004:1) states that to develop

students’ skill in general when studying

In learning English, students must English, one of the effective way is using

have good performance on four skills in reading. It means that reading is one of the

which consist on speaking, reading, main skills of study English.Reading also

listening, and writting. Mikulecky and

1)
Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi
2,3)
Dosen Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi
Jurnal Griya Cendikia, Volume 7, No 2, Juli 2022

can be one of the factors to students’ to read. It can be caused their time to answer

success in learning process. Without the questions to be limited.That can be a

reading, people can not understand a text. large problem while students should

Because reading is a basic thing that should comprehend the text by limited time.They

be mastered of people. In every chance, became hurry and many students answer

people always read anything. So it can the questions not seriously. It made many

distrub if people can not read and their anwers not correct too and crowded.

understand what they read well. There are so many factors which are

Students are hoped to skilled on assumed to affect students’ when they are

reading comprehension. So it make to help learning reading. One of the factors is the

them acquire knowledge, for they get students’ technique in reading the text. The

knowledge mostly from reading.Caldwell students should be given a way to help them

(2008:4) says “Comprehension in reading can understand the text fastly without

as a process to extractand construct the should read all of the long text.

meaning by giving interaction and One of the way can be used of the

complicityin form of written language.” It researcher was used one way to help

means that comprehension can be used as students to manage their time but they can

one of method to get the information from understand the core of text. So they can

the text. In simply, it is a goal of reading answer all questions without read all of the

comprehesion. So, the research focuses on text. In the research, the researcher would

do a research about reading comprehension. like used alternative way, that was

In real life, there are some difficulties skimming skill. The reseacher believed that

that faced by students. They get bored when students can improve their achivement on

reading activity, because the text on reading reading comprehension if the students use

so long. So, they usually spend many times

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their skimming skill when do the reading reading is a process on receiving and

activity. interpreting informations encoded in

Brown (2004:213) mentions that language via medium of print. They adds

skimming as one of a process to coverage that reading recquires efficient knowledge

the all of main idea in the text rapidly. It of word and a given topic also and efficient

means, skimming is a technique that can knowledge of the language. Then, Wixson,

help reader to assist the information easily et all (1987:57) states “Reading is the

and fastly after read the text. Its so useful to process of constructing meaning through

reader. Reader can skip the sentence on the dynamic interaction among: (1) the

details and focus on main idea. So, it can reader’s existing knowledge; (2) the

save many times and more effectively. information suggested by the text being

In simply, the researcher would like read; and (3) the context of the reading

to know students skimming skill can situation”.

develop students’ score on reading From the definitions above, it can be

comprehension or not. Therefore, the simply into two conclusions. The first,

researcher believed that students that have reading as a process in which occur any

high skill in skimming or minimally interactions of reader and text to extract the

understand about the technical skimming, information of the printed text. Second, in

they also can have high score on reading the process of extracting information, the

comprhension. reader needs to use of his or her prior

Grabe and Stoller (2002 : 9) says knowledge and relate it to the content of

that reading is one of ways to draw text to create meaning.

information of the printed page and As McNamara (2006:4) said that by

interpret the suitable information. Addition, comprehension, someone does not need to

Urquant and Weir in Grabe claimed that hardly effort and fastly at this course. In line

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with the previous definition, Nation Acoording to Kustaryo (1988:5)

(2009:71) says that comprehension is “skimming as a technique that can be used

important to develop fluency in reading. to find the gist of all the aouthors’ saying

Reading comprehension means reading without lots of details. It means that

with understanding. In other words, it same skimming is a skill to prediction the content

as with how to extract the informations as of the text. This can be used by the reader

effiecient as possible. While learning to accelarate the time when looking for the

reading comprehension with the scientific answer. Woods (2005:65) states that by

book, the reader usually recalling what they using skimming, it can save many times as

read to answer all of the questions. So, long as three until four times from normal

reading defines as a process of reading. It means that skimming is a

understanding the meaning from a piece of process reading fastly because the reader

text. Besides, the vocabulary of students usually only the important part on the text,

still low and sometimes they also still such as title, subheading, etc. Sutz and

difficult to know the content of the reading Weverka (2015:5) states that when use

text. skimming, they took main ideas without

From the all definitions above, the they should read all of the materials of text.

reseracher got the conclusion that reading It means, skimming is a way to reader get

comprehension is a complex process that main idea quickly without spending many

reader should effort to construct an idea and times.

then convey them to the text. During the Based on the explanations above,

process of constructing idea, reader skimming skill is to identifying main idea

employs the various abilities on reading and in a text without read all of the text. Reader

connects to the he or his real world only read in any parts that important and

knowledge with knowledge in language. usually main idea in there, such as in first

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paragraf and last paragraf. It is so helpful research, namley positive correlation and

and useful to do when the readers have negative correlation. In this research,

many texts that should be read but does not statistical analytical was used to get the

any times. So its more effective way to do. calculation of numeral data in which done

gather by the researcher. Then, the

II. RESEARCH METHOD researcher used correlation analysis to

analyze the data.

The researcher used quantitative According to Setiyadi (2006:38),

method as a method in this research. The population is the entire individual who

kinds of quantitative research was becomes the target in the research. In other

correlation research. Frankael and Wallen words, population is the total number of

(2009:328) stated correlation research as a students who were involved in this

relationship of two variables or more in research. The population in this research

which influence of them are tried to distract was students of SMK N 2 Kotabumi at the

one another. Correlation also indicated eleventh grade which consists of 379

towards the description about relationship students.

between two variables. It means that, score Sugiyono (2014:62) says that

within a certain range on the one variableis sample is a part of the total population and

associated with scores within a certain characteristics possessed by them. There

range on the other variable. are two ways to select a sample. The first,

The correlation coefficient in this if amount the population is less than 100, all

research was interpreted to find out the of the population can be a sample. The

relationship between students’ skimming second, if the population is more than 100,

skill and students’ reading comprehension. the researcher can take 10-15% or 20-25%

There were two possibilities of this from the population (Arikunto, 2006:1334).

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In this research, the researcher used To get the data of students’ reading

the last option because amount of the comprehension test in narrative, the

population more than 100. So, the researcher used multiple choice.

researcher took 10% as a sample from the Meanwhile, the researcher used

population. The amount of population in questionnare to get data of students’

this research are 379, then the researcher skimming skill.

took 10% from that, 379 x 10% =37,9. In Data analysis is a process to know

simply, there were 38 students as the the interpretation of the data which is

sample in this research.They were students collected to be concluded (Arikunto,

at eleventh grade of of SMKN 2 Kotabumi. 2010:53). In this research, the researcher

Sugiyono (2014:62) states that analyzed the data that has been collected by

sampling technique is the way to take a using statistical analysis. This statistical

sample. The researcher used proportional analysis is used to measure what is there

random sampling technique in this significant correlation between students

research. Sugiyono (2014: 64) adds Skimming Skill and Reading

proportional random sampling technique is Comprehension in narrative text at the

the sampling technique applied in this eleventh grade of SMKN 2 Kotabumi North

research, for the sampling technique is Lampung.The data used in the analysis

proportional in randomly, each member of from both test. The data analysis technique

the population has an opportunity to be also included the normality test,

selected as members of the sample and each homogeneity test and hypothesis test.

class is represented to be the sample in this

research. III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The researcher collected data from Before the researcher do the

students using two kinds of different test. research, the researcher do a try-out. So,

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there are two processes in this research. From the 40 items tested, there were 20

After got the data of try-out, the researcher items which were valid.

analyzed the data with validity and TABLE 1

THE SUMMARY OF VALIDITY
reliability testing. Meanwhile, the result of TEST ON TRY OUT
OF READING COMPREHENSION
the real research would be analyzed with TEST
Observation Total Numbers
normality and homogeneity test. Finally the
Valid items 20 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9,
result also would be analyzed with
10, 12, 14, 15,
hypothetical test.
16, 18, 23, 24,
To get the result of vailidity test of
28, 32, 33, 35,
students’ comprehension of reading, the
36, 37.
researcher used the formula of point biserial
Invalid items 20 6, 7, 8, 11, 13,
correlation. The researcher also used
17, 19, 20, 21,
validity criteria to get the result of the
22, 25, 26, 27,
calculation rpbis (robsreved) consulted with the
29, 30, 31, 34,
price of rtable. Then testing criteria is if
38, 39, 40.
robsreved > rtable the items are valid questions.

TABLE 2
THE SUMMARY OF VALIDITY
Moreover, valıdity test of students TEST ON TRY OUT
OF STUDENTS’ SKIMMING SKILL
self regulated Questionnaire test was QUESTIONNARE TEST

calculated by using Product Moment

Observation Total Numbers
Formula. The result of validity the test
Valid items 10 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
showed that there were 10 out of 12 items
9, 10, 11
which were valid.
Invalid items 2 8 and 12

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The researcher used Split Half in instrument is if robsreved greater than rtable in

order to the researcher got the result of significant level 5% and n = 12.

reliability test of student’s reading TABLE 4

The Summary of Reliability
comprehension in this research. This test Skimming Skill
Observation Result
was so important to know the instrument in
r11 0.801
this research was reliable or not. The
rtable 0,75
criterion or reliable instrument is if r11

bigger than rtable in significant level 5% and The instrument is

Description
n = 36. The result of reliability test was reliable

shown by table 3 below: From the result of table above, it can

TABLE 3 concluded that r11 (robserved ) was gretaer

The Summary of Reliability Reading
Comprehension than rtable with significant level of 5% and
Observation Result
n-12. The result was 0.801>0.75, so it can
r11 0.95
be simply that this instrument was reliable.
rtable 0,75
After getting the results of the validy
The instrument is
and reliability instrument of try-out, the
Description
reliable
researcher analyzed the normality and
The table above showed that robserved
homogeneity of the data.
of students’ reading comprehension
The researcher would like to know
instrument at narrative text was bigger than
whether the data which is gotten from the
rtable , which is 0.95 > 0,75. It can be simply,
population has normal distribute or not. So,
the instrument was reliable and have high
the researcher analyzed the data from the
reliability.
sample were normal or not. The sample was
Besides, the researcher used Alpha
taken from the population of the research.
Formula to got the result of reliability test
The researcher used Liliefors formula that
of skimming skill. The criterion for reliable

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has criteria, if Ltable> Lobserved so the data has goal is to find out whether the samples

normal distribution. The result of normality taken have the same variant (homogeneity).

test can be seen in the table below: The results of the homogeneity test are as

TABLE 5 follows:
The Summary of Normality Test
N Variab L0max Ltable Descript TABLE 6
The Summary of Homogeneity
o les ion Test
Signifanct x2count x2table chi-
1 Y 0,1249 0,1437 Has
Level square
61 28 Normall
0,05 0,4827106 3,841
y
Based on the result of homogeneity
Distribu
test above, gotten the data of x2count was 0,48
tion
and x2table chi-square was 3,84. So, it can be
2 X 0,1394 0,1437 Has
concluded that the result of x2count was
37 28 Normall
smaller than x2table chi-square. So, H0 was
y
received.
Distribu
After the data were normally
tion
distributed and homogeneous, the

hypothesis was tested using the Pearson

Based on the result of the above, it
Product Moment formula. Hypothesis test
can be concluded that the data from
is complete. After the results of using
Reading Comprehension as variable Y and
Pearson's product moment formula were
Skimming Skill as variable X have
carried out, the researchers continued to
normally distributed. The Calculation of
calculate the significant correlation results
Homogeneity test in this study was done
using the formula t-test to determine the
using Barlett Test with a significance level
significant relationship between the two
0,05 with chance (1-a) and dk is (K-1). The

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variables in this study, namely; skimming result of tobserves was greater than the result

skill and reading comprehension. of ttable. The result of tobserved was 1,00 and

IV. DISCUSSION ttable was 0,68. The significant level was

Based on the results of data 0,05. It can be conclude that H0 was

analysis, shows that tobserved is greater than rejected. It means that there is a significant

ttable. As a result H0 says that there is no correlation between reading

significant correlation between Skimming comprehension and skimming skill.

Skill and Reading comprehension at the That is supported by Sutz and

eleventh grade students of SMKN 2 Weverka (2015: 5), they say “when the

Kotabumi in Academic Year of 2020/2021. readers skim a page, they take the main

Meanwhile, the result of statiscally ideas from the reading material without

hypothesis to be proved was as followed: reading all the words”.It can be simply that

TABLE 7 when the students used their skill on

The Summary Hyphothesis Test
Taraf skimming or have good skill on skimming,
thitung ttabel r 11
Signifikan the students will take it easy to get the

0,05 1,0026 0,684 0,364 answer on reading text. The students also

From the table, it can be seen the used a little time to read and answer the

result of hypothesis test by using person questions. So, the researcher concluded that

product moment formula was robserved was the students should have good skill on

greater than rtable. Whereas the result of skimming and use their skill when do the

robserved was 0,36 and rtable was 0,32. Having activity on reading comprehension. In order

gotten the data, the researcher continued to they can get highest score than before and

again another test by using formula t-test. save their time effectively.

From the table, it can be seen the result of

correlation coefficient are obtained. The

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Students Of Smkn 2 Kotabumi North Lampung In Academic Year Of 2020 / 2021

V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION SMKN 2 Kotabumi dan their English

From the result of hypothesis test, Teacher who teaches there or English

the researcher found that there is a teachers in eveywhere.

relationship between two variables in this a. For English teacher

research, namely skimming skill and The teacher is suggested to use

reading comprehension. It can be simply, skimming skill as one of alternative

the researcher found that there is a ways to increase their students’

significant correlation in this research score on reading comprehension.

between those varibales. The result of The teacher also should use several

significant test (t-test) obtained tobservedwas methods that helpful for students, so

1,0026 and ttable was 0,68. The criterion of students can more enjoyful while

significant level 0,05 and tobserved >ttable. It study. One of them, teacher can

means that H0 was rejected and Ha was increase students’ skill on

accepted. So it means that the result of the skimming to develop students’

research was there is a significant achievement on reading

relationship between reading comprehension. The researcher

comprehension and skimming skill at the believes that students who have

eleventh grade students of SMKN 2 good skill on skimming will be

Kotabumi in academic year of 2020 / 2021. prepared and easy to comprehend

From the conclusion above, the the text. So, the stduents should

researcher provides some suggestion to effort to develop their skill on

another parties. The researcher hopes that skimming. It will helpful for

the thereotically can support the teories of increase the students score on

reading comprehension and skimming skill reading too.

on Vocational High School especially at

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b. For the Next Researcher Language skills and take any part of

It is suggested that the next teories who related on this thesis as

researcher conduct other reserach a references in order to they have

with other aspects of English rich theoris.

REFERENCES

Arikunto Suharsimi. 2006. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, Jakarta: Reneka
Cipta

Grabe, William and Stoller, Frederica L. 2000. Teaching and Researching Reading. England:
Pearson Education.

Mikulecky, S. Beatrice and Jeffries, L. 2004. More Reading Power. New York: Pearson
Education Ltd.

Setiyadi Bambang, 2006. Teaching English As a Foreign Language, Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu

Sugiyono, 2012. Statistika untuk penelitian, Bandung, Alfabeta.

Sutz, R. and Weverka. 2015. Skimming as a Speed Reading Technique. (Online),

http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/skimming-as-a-speedreading-technique.html,
retrieved 27th June 2015

Tarigan, H.G. 2008. Membaca sebagai Suatu Keterampilan Berbahasa. Bandung: Angka

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