Highway Asset Inventory &

Data Management
 Highway ASSET INVENTORY
Measuring and recording the
physical extent, characteristics, and
usage levels of highway assets
 Inventory Features
 Necessary asset inventory features to be recorded:
– an essential starting point for any asset
management process.
– physical size (number of lane-miles, number of
bridges, total bridge deck area, length of
guardrails, etc.)
– level of usage of the asset in terms of volumes,
loading and condition, etc.
– inventory analysis could be done at any
jurisdiction/level: country, district, sub-district,
province, city, etc.
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 Inventory Data
 Pavement section identification including pavement
type and reference location, construction date.

 The “as-built” pavement cross-section including type

of roadbed soil, layer thicknesses, types and
properties, and (for asphalt surface pavements) the
type, properties and thickness of each asphalt
course.

 Environmental data such as minimum, maximum,

and average temperatures and precipitation.

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CE 861 Pavement Rehabilitation & Management
 Inventory Data
 Cost Data
 Initial project construction cost
 Costs of subsequent pavement preservation
activities (rehabilitation and maintenance)
 Cost of routine or reactive maintenance activities

 The number of equivalent single axle loads (ESALs)

used in the pavement design process.

 Traffic data including the average daily traffic (ADT),

the average daily truck traffic (ADTT), and the
percent traffic growth.

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CE 861 Pavement Rehabilitation & Management
Data Categories (Example of Pavements Assets)

• Section Identification
– Highway/route number, location (referencing system)
and number of lanes: e.g. M-2, South, 340+00

• “As-Built” Design
– Type of pavement, width of highway and shoulder,
number of lanes, thickness of each layer, drainage
condition and types, joint spacing and type of load
transfer devices, and dowel bar spacing

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Example: M-2: As Built Design Data

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 Road Roughness Survey 2009-10
ROUGHNESS
Route: NHA Network
Poor
22.98%

Fair
29.14%

Very Poor
17.95%

Good
29.93% Total Kms = 9346 9
Data Management

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 Data Requirement
• Reliable and accurate input data are essential
because:
 highway network typically covers a wide
geographical area spanning different climatic
regions, surface geology and drainage conditions.
 deterioration factors of assets are dynamic in
nature – traffic loading and climatic severity
 different type of data are required for an asset type,
at each level for planning and decision making

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 Data Needs at Network Level
 Network level data required by top level of
highway management

 Aggregate data are needed:

to monitor and evaluate overall system
performance /condition.

to estimate the amount of funding needed to

ensure specified minimum levels of asset
performance.

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 Data Needs at Project Level
• Refer to data requirements at the individual asset level
• Data needed to establish the detailed information about
the asset design, performance/condition and preservation,
such as:
– asset material type, dimensions
– design and construction features
– history of construction and preservation
– to establish the remaining service life of an asset
– to estimate the effectiveness of standard agency
preservation treatments in terms of:
• asset’s life extension
• increase in asset condition/performance
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 Data Management
 Involves: Data collection, collation and storage

 Assists in data analysis for various purposes

 Poor data management or inaccurate data leads to:

poor prediction of future system attributes
incorrect assessment of costs and benefits
incorrect identification of best alternative
inappropriate decisions
waste of tax payers money, poor accountability,
poor system performance, etc.
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 Data Collection
• Data is collected using different techniques
depending upon: available time, resources and type
of data being collected

• Examples of tools/techniques
– Primary data collection through field equipment
or survey forms
– Secondary data collection (from established
databases)

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Management
 PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEY FORM - NHA
Route:___________________________________
From:________________ To: ________________ PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEY FORM 2004

Km _______ S.Type__________ Km _______ S.Type__________ Km _______ S.Type__________ Km _______ S.Type_______

Kilometer Info. R.W__________ L.S__________ R.W__________ L.S__________ R.W__________ L.S__________ R.W__________ L.S_______
R.S___________ R.S___________ R.S___________ R.S___________
Wheel Track Rutting
Depth mm Length Effected in metres Length Effected in metres Length Effected in metres Length Effected in metres
< 50 50-100 100-250 250-500 500-1000 < 50 50-100 100-250 250-500 500-1000 < 50 50-100 100-250 250-500 500-1000 < 50 50-100 100-250 250-500
6-12
12-25
25-40
> 40
Remarks
Cracking
Width mm % Area Effected % Area Effected % Area Effected % Area Effected
<5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50
<2
2-6
6 - 10
> 10
Remarks
Pothholes
Depth mm Pothole Area in 1 km Pothole Area in 1 km Number of Potholes in 1 km Pothole Area in 1 km
< 2 SM 2-4 SM 4-6 SM 6-8 SM > 8 SM < 2 SM 2-4 SM 4-6 SM 6-8 SM > 8 SM < 2 SM 2-4 SM 4-6 SM 6-8 SM > 8 SM < 2 SM 2-4 SM 4-6 SM 6-8 SM
< 20
20 - 30
30 - 40
> 40
Ravelling
% Length Effected % Length Effected % Length Effected % Length Effected
<5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50
Agg/binderstarted to
wear
Surface texture is lightly
rough & Pitted
Surface texture is
moderatly rough &
Surface texture is
heavily rough & Pitted
Edge Step
Depth mm % Length Effected % Length Effected % Length Effected % Length Effected
<5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50
< 50
50 - 75
75 - 100
> 100
Erosion from Original edge
Width mm % Length Effected % Length Effected % Length Effected % Length Effected
<5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50 50-100 <5 5 -10 10 -25 25-50
< 100
100 - 200
200 - 250
> 250
Drainage Condition
Good
Fair CE 861 Pavement Rehabilitation &
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Management
Filled By: _______________________ S.Type - Surface Type R.W - Road Width L.S - Left Shoulder Width R.S - Right Shoulder Width
 Field Equipment for Data Collection
• Equipment (for traffic attributes: volume, speeds, etc.)
– Instrumented Vans
– GPS Enabled Hand-held Mini-Computers
– Video Cameras
– Weigh-in-Motion Scales
– Automatic Traffic Detectors / Recorders

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 Data Analysis
 Includes:
 Asset performance modeling

 Cost modeling
 Analyzing the effectiveness of treatments
 Modeling the decisions of asset managers
 Optimization at network level - project selection for a
network in given year
 Optimization at project level - treatment(s) selection for
an asset over its life

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 Highways
Referencing System

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 Referencing Systems for Highways

• Three major referencing systems

– Link-node method

– Route-milepost referencing code

– Geographic coordinates method

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Management
 Link-node Referencing System
• Considers link and node notation to describe a network of
highways.

• Nodes are used to denote:

– Interchanges, intersections
– Transition point (locations where there is a change in any
characteristic of the highway such as pavement type,
highway classification, etc.).
• Each node assigned a unique code number, e.g. 1A, 2A, etc.

• A link - highway section connecting any 2 nodes directly

– identified by the code numbers of its terminal nodes;
e.g., Link 1A-2A.
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 Link-node Referencing System

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Management
 “Route-Milepost” Referencing System
• First part - typically is a route number assigned to each
continuous stretch of highway. e.g. M-2 South, N-5 East,
etc.
• Second part - a distance-based number
– often based on some starting reference point that is
assigned with a zero mileage point
– A standard convention is to locate MP (Mile Post) 0 at:
• the southern-most end, if the road is north-south or
south-north
• the eastern-most end, if the road is east-west or west-
east
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Typical Mile Post

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 Khunjrab Pass

“Route-Milepost” Referencing
Sust

Karimabad

System
K2 8611m
Chitral Kalam GILGIT
Karakoram Pass
Sazin N-35
Drosh Dambu 5575m
Chilas Skardu
Dir
Chakdara
Besham Jalkhad
N-15 J A M U &
M-2 South: Jalalabad
Saidu
Malakand
Naran
Muzaffarabad
K A S H MLeh I R
M-1 Mansehra S-3
MP 357 Parachinar
Torkham
PESHAWAR
Abbotabad S-2 Chakothi
KohalaN-75
HasanabdalMurree
DISPUTED
TERRITORY
Kohat ISLAMABAD
KhushalGarh Rawalpindi

N-70 East: Jhelum

Kharian
Karak Gujrat
KM 250 + 500 Wazirabad Sambarial
Gujranwala
Pindi
DI Khan Bhattian
Mughal Kot M-3 LAHORE
Zhob Faisalabad
Chaman Retra Okara
Qila Abdullah
QilaSaifullah Taunsa Sahiwal
Kuchlak Mianchannu
QUETTA Loralai DG Khan Khanewal
Multan

Mastung
Muzaffargarh
Lodhran
M-2 South:
Sibi
Taftan Nushki
Kalat
Dadhar
Rajanpur
Bahawalpur MP 0
Nok Kundi Dalbandin
Surab DeraMuradJamali
Jacobabad Rahimyar Khan
Besima Shikarpur Ubauro N-70 East:
Khuzdar Ghotki
Nag
Wad
Ratodero

Larkana
Sukkur
Khairpur
KM 0+00
Punjgur Ranipur
N-25

Kotri Kabir
Dadu Naushero Firoz
Turbat M-8 Kararo Moro
Awaran
Hoshab Bela

Gabd
Liari Uthal
Kakkar
Duregi
S I N D
Hala
Mirpurkhas
N-120 Khokhropar
Pleri Kotri Hyderabad
Gwadar Pasni
Jiwani Ormara Umarkot
KARACHI
ARABIAN SEA Gharo Thatta
N-110
Keti Bandar 25
 Types of Data Needed for Asset Management

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 Asset Condition or Performance Data
• Often expressed in terms of the types, severity and
extent of standard defects or distresses
• For pavement assets, serviceability data items include
– International Roughness Index (IRI),
– pavement condition rating (PCR),
– surface rutting,
– deflection or structural number, and
– skid resistance (skid number)
• For bridges, condition data includes
– Bridge sufficiency rating
– overall bridge health index

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 Asset Condition or Performance Data

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 Safety Data
• to identify locations and causes of accident-prone
assets
• may be in the form of
– observed crash frequencies or crashes per mile or
per lane-mile
– crashes per AADT, or
– crashes per VMT (vehicle miles travelled).
• could relate to all crashes, or broken down by
• crash severity (fatal, injury, property damage) or
• crash pattern (rear-end, side-swipe, head-on,
etc.).
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 User Cost and Community Impacts Data
• enable the determination of impacts to the highway users and
community
• asset preservation benefits - include both user and social
benefits (including cost as negative benefits)
• examples
– unit vehicle operating costs (Rs/VMT)
– unit user travel time costs (Rs/hr)
– unit safety costs (Rs/crash)
– environmental impacts- cost of noise mitigation per decibel
– cost of air pollution or pollution mitigation

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 Climatic and Environmental Data

• include temperature (and its variations) and

precipitation.
• critical in modeling the performance of highway
assets
• For bridge assets, other environmental data include
earthquake and flooding data
– needed for calculation of asset vulnerability.

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 GIS Based Asset Management

• For data storage, retrieval and analysis

• Data are in layers
• Each layer for each attribute
• Spatial Data
– Vector Data: Points, Lines, Polygons
– Raster Data: Cells
– Ortho Images: Aerial Photographs

• Attribute Data
– Tables Associated with Each Spatial Feature

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GIS Based Asset Management

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GIS Based Asset Management

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