INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS

Instituto MACHINES IM1 2022B

de aguascalientes

Rotodynamic pumps

Student:
Jese David Aguilar Quezada

Amy Alejandra Marquez 27/10/2022

Teacher Day
 P A R T S C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S D E F I N I T I O N
General
Characteristics
and Operation
Rotodynamic Useful
height

D E F I N I T I O N E Q U A T I O N B E R N O U L L I E Q U A T I O S P E E D A N D H E I G H T
D I F F E R E N C E S T E N D
T O 0
S P E E D T E N D T O 0

pumps

Impeller or impeller Pump They are kinetic machines in

Case It is a generating machine that which energy is transmitted The useful to effective head
Diffuser transfers mechanical energy to continuously fluid by means of left by the pump is the height
Axis hydraulic. a rotating element. imparted by the impeller to the
Sealed theoretical head minus the
bearing support Roto-dynamic losses inside the pump.
It contains a rotating element
and its flow is continuous.

M E C H A N I C A L L O S S E S V O L U M E T R I C L O S S E S H Y D R A U L I C L O S S E S
Losses Powers D R I V E P O W E R I N T E R N A L P O W E R U S E F U L P O W E R

It includes: They are called interstitial or Decreases the useful

flow losses. specific energy of the pump

Friction of the shaft with External losses: are communicates the fluid and Is the pump shaft power or Lower supplied to the
the base of the casing. constituted by punctures of therefore the useful height. brake or absorbed power. impeller.
Shaft friction with bearings. the fluid to the outside.
Auxiliary drives. Internal losses: are the Surface losses: are
Disc friction. most important since they caused by the forcing of
affect the performance of fluid through the walls of
the pump, the flow goes the pump.
back through the interstices Loss of shape: is
and a lower flow circulates produced by the
through the suction pipe detachment of the layer
than through the impeller. mite in the changes of
direction informs the fluid.

M E C H A N I C A L
Cavitation
O V E R A L L E F F I C I E N C Y
E F F I C I E N C Y
I N T E R N A L E F F I C I E N C Y V O L U M E T R I C E F F I C I E N C Y H Y D R A U L I C E F F I C I E N C Y Efficiency and suction C A V I T A T I O N S U C T I O N H E I G H T C A S E 1 C A S E 2 C A S E 3 C A S E 4

lift

O P E N T A N K W I T H

S T A T I C S U C T I O N H E A D O P E N T A N K W I T H

S T A T I C S U C T I O N L I F T C L O S E D T A N K

W I T H S T A T I C S U C T I O N H E A D C L O S E D T A N K

W I T H S T A T I C S U C T I O N L I F T

Formation of localized

pockets of vapor within the

liquid, but almost always in

the vicinity of the solid

surface that limits the liquid.
In contrast to boiling, which
can be caused by the
introduction of heat or by a
reduction in the ambient
static pressure of the liquid,
cavitation is a local
evaporation of the liquid
induced by a hydrodynamic
NPSHD= Patm + Hs - Hv - Hf NPSHD= Patm - Hs - Hv - Hf NPSHD= Patm + Hs - Hv - Hf NPSHD= Patm - Hs - Hv - Hf
reduction in pressure.

Patm: ------------------ Atmospheric pressure

Pabs: ------------------ Absolute pressure

Hs: ------------------ Suction height

Hv: ------------------ Vaporization height

Hf: ------------------ Friction losses

Similarity
laws

F I R S T C A S E D E F I N I T I O N S E C O N D C A S E

h= CTE ; D1-----------D2
If the rotational speed of the
pump remains constant and
the diameter of the impeller
is changed from D1 to D2, we
will have:External losses:
are constituted by punctures
of the fluid to the outside.
The driven flows are
proportional to the
impeller diameters.
Lift heights are proportional
to the square of the
diameters.
D= CTE ; n1-----------n2
The laws of similarity are a
set of mathematical
relationships between the
different variables that
Following a meter of the
characterize those involved
armous impulse modifies
in the operation of the
and quoting the speed of
rotodynamic knobs that
rotation from n1 to n2 we
serve to:
have that:
Predict the operation of a
pump by comparing it
with another with a Flow rates driven are -------------
similar geometry whose proportional to cutting
operation is known, both speeds.
working under the same
------------- conditions. Of the lift heights are
-------------
proportional to the square
Predict the behavior of
the same pump when any of the speeds.
of its original working
------------- conditions varies. Las potencias consumidas
son proporcionales al cubo -------------
de las velocidades.

The power consumed and

are proportional to the -------------
cube of the diameters.

L I M I T A T I O N S O F T H E
L A W S O F
S I M I L A R I T Y
Diameter reduction does not High specific speed pumps Radial impellers can reduce High specific speed NPSHr Pumps tend to As the diameter of the The reduction of the Impeller speed changes
have the same effect on such as mixed flow pumps dirty meters by seventy to impellers can reduce increase the reduction in impeller is reduced, the diameter of the impeller can should be moderate less
different impeller designs. are more susceptible to eighty percent of the maximum dirty meters still diameter when the maximum internal volumetric losses be done by turning, that is than 15 percent especially
deviations than radio flow or maximum diameter of an 90 to 95%. recommended values ​a re tend to increase why it is vitally important to when speed is increased.
low specific speed pumps. impeller. exceeded, it is advisable to tremendously. carry out a subsequent
consult the manufacturer dynamic balancing since if it
before proceeding to reduce is not carried out, it will give
the diameter. rise to vibrations that will
damage the bearings.

J E S É D A V I D A G U I L A R Q U E Z A D A