DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSITY

College of business studies

EFFEECTIVE LEADERSHIP QUALITIES

AND THEIR IMPACT ON GOOD GOVERNANCE

A Term Paper Submitted to the

College of Business Studies
Don Honorio Ventura State University

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for Governance,
Business Ethics, Risk Management
and Internal Control

by

Fernandez, Trisha Mae S.

Gaviola, Ana Mei S.
Guiwan, Alexandra Micahella M.
Legaspi, Mary Maie S.
Mallari, Hazel S.
Manansala, Jessa M.

BSAIS 4C

to

PCAPT Elmer P. Arrogante (Ret) LL.B., MPA

October, 2021

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Abstract

Leadership has a big role in Good Governance. This term paper evaluates the effective

leadership qualities and their impact on good governance. It analyzes how the leadership

qualities relates to the principles of good governance. Effective leadership qualities and

Principles of Good Governance has a big connection to each other in which it helps the

surroundings and organization to be better.

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Introduction

It is probably practically impossible to establish and retain effective administration, to

achieve goals, to maintain quality, and to offer first-rate services without strong leadership

and Good Governance at all levels in commercial, public, and civil organizations. The

increasing complexities and demands resulting from ongoing societal change, as well as the

constant push for higher levels of production, necessitate effective and ethical leadership. In

the twenty-first century, good governance and effective-ethical leadership are required for a

company to be deemed successful in the eyes of all stakeholders.

Working smarter, not harder, by using a principles-based approach to accomplishing

your objectives and aligning your business model with the interests of all stakeholders in the

organization, is the art of good governance. While complying, a one-size-fits-all strategy is

likely to be detrimental to value enhancement.

Bhattacharya (2013) has been discussed good governance's latest developments in

three ways: (1) It is an attempt to widen the scope of public administration by going beyond

the formal government. (2) It is an externally dictated term invented to prescribe aid-

conditionality. (3) It is a more genuinely democratic intensifying concept- to make public

administration more open, transparent, and accountable.

Leadership is one of the terms that researchers have attempted to understand or define

it. Today leadership is the most studied and least understood topic, since we assume that it’s

a life’s phenomenon which is complex and mysterious Almohaimeed, Saleh. (2014). Since

the early twentieth century, leadership has been continually redefined by a variety of

leadership theories offered by diverse scholars based on distinct theoretical views. There is

no widely recognized definition for leadership, and it is a complicated topic with a wide

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range of literature and research papers on the subject. The majority of meanings have the

concept of leading a group toward a shared objective.

Good governance entails creating an environment that is inclusive, sensitive and

responsive to the needs of the people and effective to the many challenges it encounters.

Leadership is fundamental if good governance is to be achieved and development and

progress to be maintained in any country (Omoregbe et.al, 2016).

According to Alford (2015) he suggests a framework to orient a good governance,

whose purposes are: (1) the common good, intended as “delivering value by serving society:

and (2) the dignity and value of people. Coherently, behaviors needed to achieve these

purposes are: solidarity (other’s people “matters”); subsidiarity (freedom with

responsibility); reciprocity (building trust and trusted relationships); plurality (valuing

diversity and building “bridges”); sustainability (stewardship of people, values and

resources).

This term paper discusses the key elements of effective leadership and how they

connect to widely acknowledged Good Governance concepts. It also addresses the effects of

successful leadership characteristics on the implementation of Good Governance concepts.

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Body

According to several studies, a team is identified by the leadership traits and talents

associated with its leader. As a result, it is reasonable to assume that if a leader does not

perform to the needed standard, the team will not give their all. The characteristics and talents

of leadership are the most important considerations for leaders. In order for a process to be

successful, it must be entrusted to an effective leader who possesses all of the necessary

leadership traits and talents.

A team led by a successful leader who provides excellent leadership will always

perform at its best and set an example for members of other organizations.

The characteristics of good leadership may differ from person to person depending on

the environment in which he was raised and shaped. Thousands of articles and books have

been written about what it takes to be a good leader and the traits and abilities required. Some

academics and authors argue that a good leader possesses specific qualities or talents; others

argue that it is all about personality; and yet others argue that it is the behavior, not the

intentions or ideas, that is most important.

Furthermore, the characteristics of successful leadership differ depending on the field

of operation and competence. As a result, the leadership characteristics of a businessperson, a

religious leader, a military leader, an athlete, or a politician differ depending on the field of

activity and the competence necessary for each of them. These are some of the effective

leadership qualities:

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Effective Leadership Qualities

1. Accountability

Accountability in leadership roles refers to the acceptance and assumption of

responsibility for actions, products, decisions, and policies, as well as the administration,

governance, and implementation of those actions, products, decisions, and policies within the

scope of the role or employment position, as well as the obligation to report, explain, and be

accountable for the consequences.

2. Competence

One of the most crucial traits of a good leader is competence. The anatomy of

leadership is a question of character and skill at its most fundamental level. As a leader, you

must be perceived as an expert in your area or in leadership by your followers. It will be more

difficult for him to be respected, revered, or followed unless his followers regard him as

highly credentialed—either by academic degree or specialized experience—and capable of

leading his group or organization to success.

3. Language/Relationships

The way we interact with others in our daily lives may have a good or bad influence

on the connections we have with others. In any event, we must use positive language rather

than negative words to maintain a positive relationship with people. Negative words are

referred to as "killing words." When we talk about language, we're not just talking about the

many sorts of languages we use; we're talking about the way we receive and provide

information in any language. Instead of murdering words, terms, or phrases, the leader must

employ constructive words, terms, or phrases while interacting with people. We must replace

harmful words with more helpful ones.

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4. Openness/Integrity

The other key attribute of a good leader is openness. There are numerous aspects to

openness as a leadership trait. The first is a willingness to accept new ideas or changes.

Because change is an unavoidable aspect of life, the leader must be willing to embrace it. Life

comes to an end when change comes to an end. Recognizing and responding to change, as

well as making decisions about how change occurs, is an important element of leadership.

Most individuals are afraid of change, therefore it's reasonable that they oppose it.

5. Perspective/Balance

This is yet another crucial characteristic of a successful leader. You can observe the

world from a variety of perspectives if you have this talent. "The way I perceive the world is

not the only way it is," a leader with this quality is required to remark. His perspective shifts

to "the world is how we all view it." The term "perspective" refers to the possibility of

altering my point of view in order to get fresh insights about my actions. This attribute

requires a high level of intellectuality as well as philosophical humility on the part of

members of a certain organization.

6. Values/Community

Another essential characteristic of great leaders is their ability to add value. The

intrinsic worth, quality, or greatness that makes anything useful or attractive is referred to as

value. It is a deeply held conviction about what is right and fair in one’s conduct and

interactions with others. It is a tool that we utilize to make decisions. Our personal character

is what we develop through time while living in a certain society. And it is ultimately our

character that decides the direction of our life. Knowledge, aesthetic considerations, moral

grounds, or a mix of these factors can all influence values.

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7. Humility

This is one of the traits of a good leader. Leaders must be down-to-earth, while having

the most responsibility and working harder than anybody else in the organization. He should

not consider himself exceptional; instead, he should recognize that he is only a leader, not the

owner of his people. People will approach a leader only if he is modest. It is a leader's

responsibility to encourage his followers, and only a modest leader will be able to advise and

assist his followers.

8. Power/Influence

Another crucial attribute that a leader must possess is power. The principles on which

organizations are built determine power and how leaders behave. As a result, the exercise of

power is the opposite side of the coin. Individuals are affected and have some type of "shape"

in their performance and leadership style as a result of the system's precepts. Individuals exert

influence over others by wielding this sort of power.

Principles of Good Governance

In various situations, many literatures convey ideals of good governance. Some of

them framed it in terms of development, while others framed it in terms of human rights. The

United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the World Bank, for example, place it in

the context of development. The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, on

the other hand, defines it in terms of how well it fulfills the promise of human rights,

including civil, cultural, economic, political, and social rights. In any event, the author of this

term paper conforms to the UNDP and World Bank's recommended Good Governance

standards.

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According to UNDP and World Bank, Good Governance has eight principles/characteristics.

These are:

1. Participatory
2. Rule of law
3. Transparency
4. Responsiveness
5. Consensus oriented
6. Equity and Inclusiveness
7. Effectiveness and Efficiency
8. Accountability
1. Participatory
All men and women, whether directly or through lawful intermediary institutions that

represent their interests, should have a say in decision-making. Freedom of association and

expression, as well as the ability to engage constructively, are the foundations for such

widespread involvement.

2. Rule of Law

Legal frameworks, notably human rights legislation, should be fair and impartially

applied.

3. Transparency

The free flow of information is the foundation of transparency. Processes, institutions,

and information are all available to individuals who are interested in them, and sufficient

information is supplied to understand and monitor them.

4. Responsiveness

All stakeholders are served by institutions and processes.

5. Consensus Oriented

Good governance brings disparate interests together to establish broad agreement on

what is best for the organization and, when feasible, on rules and procedures.

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6. Equity and Inclusiveness

Every man and woman have the ability to enhance or preserve their wellbeing.

7. Effectiveness and Efficiency

Processes and institutions generate outcomes that fulfill requirements while

maximizing resource use.

8. Accountability

The public, as well as institutional stakeholders, hold decision-makers in government,

the corporate sector, and civil society organizations responsible. The level of accountability

varies based on the organization and whether the decision is made internally or outside.

Effective Leadership Qualities and Their Impact on the Implementation of Good

Governance Principles

The current situation demonstrates that without effective leadership and good

governance at all levels in private, public, and civil organizations, achieving and maintaining

effective administration, achieving goals, maintaining quality, and delivering first-rate

services is arguably virtually impossible. The increasing complexity and demands coming

from our world's continual change, along with the constant push for higher levels of

production, necessitate effective and ethical leadership. Effective leadership and sound

governance are, in my opinion, two sides of the same coin. There are a lot of similarities

between the two. We may not be able to achieve Good Governance in its entirety without

competent leadership.

As previously stated in the prior discussions, successful leadership necessitates the

development of its own fundamental characteristic. For example, one of the most important

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attributes of effective leadership is competence (both professional and leadership). Without

competence, a leader may not be able to manage a company effectively and efficiently.

When we think of Good Governance, we think of efficiency and effectiveness in providing

services to the public. One of the major principles of Good Governance is the efficient and

effective use of people and material resources. If a leader lacks competency in what he is

doing, he may be ineffective and inefficient in carrying out his responsibilities, resulting in

the misappropriation of public resources.

Another thing to consider is accountability, which entails holding the leader

accountable for his or her actions or inactions. In achieving Good Governance, the same idea

is utilized. Taking government as one of the actors in governance, accountability ensures that

public officials' actions and decisions are subject to oversight in order to ensure that

government initiatives meet their stated objectives and respond to the needs of the

communities they are supposed to benefit, resulting in better governance and poverty

reduction. Because the use of public power is not something that can be taken for granted. In

my opinion, if public authority is not utilized responsibly, it might lead to arbitrariness.

Depending on the method in question, accountability may be used to achieve a variety

of essential goals. Governance is important. Whether decisions or acts are internal or

external to an organization or institution, who is accountable to whom varies. Whatever the

situation, without openness and the rule of law, it cannot be implemented.

The ability to be open is another essential attribute of good leadership. When it comes

to practicing leadership, transparency develops the leader's integrity and commitment to

achieving the desired outcome. By commitment, we mean that the leader devotes all of his

effort to achieving the desired result while also serving as a role model for others. The free

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flow of information between leaders and followers, as well as the general public, is enabled

through openness. Because the leaders' job is to serve the general people. In terms of good

governance, the general public has a right to knowledge and a say in what leaders do on

behalf of the general public. One consideration here is that the leader must use caution in not

disclosing private information.

If the leader is willing to participate, it is feasible. Participation refers to both men and

women, as it is a critical component of successful government. Participants must be well-

informed and well-organized. On the one hand, this entails freedom of association and

speech, while on the other, it entails a well-organized civil society. This can be beneficial if

and only if the leader is willing to listen to fresh ideas. Otherwise, denying the public access

to information leads to a loss of public confidence, which leads to public outrage and social

unrest.

Furthermore, because the leaders are there to serve the common interests of a certain

group of people, in order to achieve the goal, they set, they must create a consensus by

enabling those concerned individuals to participate. Because consensus orientation is a

cornerstone of good governance, it mediates diverse interests to establish a wide consensus

on what is in the group's best interests, and in this case, policies and procedures.

Transparent working processes and procedures can also demonstrate openness. That

is, choices are made and enforcement is carried out in accordance with laws and regulations.

It also implies that information be openly available and accessible to individuals who may be

impacted by such decisions and their implementation. It also implies that sufficient

information is supplied in easily comprehensible formats and mediums. In order to ensure

Good Governance, the same concept is followed.

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 One of the most essential elements in achieving Good Governance is equity and

inclusion. We may not see fairness and inclusion if there is no leadership that fosters

openness, involvement, and transparency. The well-being of a society depends on ensuring

that all of its members feel invested in it and are not alienated from society's mainstream.

This necessitates providing chances for all groups, particularly the most vulnerable, to

enhance or preserve their well-being. This can only be accomplished if the leader provides

the opportunity; otherwise, society, particularly the weak, will have no way of expressing

their concerns.

Results

Base on the findings, it shows that leadership has a lot of impact in good governance.

At first, you’ll think that having good governance itself will make the organization better but

with this paper, you’ll realize that good governance can’t stand alone if they will not apply

an important strategy which is the leadership. Without strong leadership and Good

Governance at all levels in commercial, public, and civic organizations, it is very difficult to

develop and sustain effective administration, achieve goals, maintain quality, and provide

first-rate services. The growing complexity and demands of societal transformation, as well

as the continual push for greater levels of output, need effective and ethical leadership. Good

governance and effective-ethical leadership are necessary in the twenty-first century for a

firm to be regarded successful in the eyes of everyone.

Discussion

In the twenty-first century, good governance and effective leadership are required for

a company to be deemed successful. There is a clear relationship between successful

leadership, good governance, and economic growth. The essential variable is governance,

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which is interwoven with good leadership. Good governance and effective leadership are two

sides of the same coin. There are a lot of similarities between the two. We may not be able to

envision Good Governance in its entirety without competent leadership. Because of cultural,

psychological, social, and sociological influences and variations, Good Governance may not

be accomplished in its entirety. Its use and perception changes according on the society's

degree of development and needs.

Conclusion/Recommendations

Based on the above discussion, the following recommendations have been made.

 Leaders must "walk their speak," that is, they must execute in practice what they have

spoken with their mouths.

 Another important factor in establishing Good Governance is the ability to embrace

change. This means that present and future leaders must be willing to accept change

and act accordingly.

 To fulfill their obligations as a leader and as a person, every individual, particularly

leaders, must be dedicated to their statements; commitment is the basis for all other

responsibilities.

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References:

Alford (2016). Leadership models for a good governance. Insights from some exemplary

Italian cases. Retrieve from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/

311387996_Leadership_models_for_a_good_governance_Insights_from_some_exemplary_I

talian_cases

Almohaimeed, Saleh, (2014). Leadership Development for Young People, the University of

Edinburgh. Retrieve from

http://oaji.net/articles/2017/490-1530332629.pdf

Bhattacharya, M. (2013). New Horizons of Public Administration. New Delhi: Jawahar

Publishers. Retrieve from

https://schoolofpoliticalscience.com/what-is-good-governance/

Omoregbe, N., Olanike, S., Oladele, J., David, I., Kikelomo, E.I., (2016). Good

Governance and Leadership: Pathway to Sustainable national Development in Nigeria.

Journal of Public Administration, Volume 6, Number 1, South Africa. Retrieve from

http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v6i1.9055

Qualities of Effective Leadership and Its impact on Good Governance. Retrieve from

https://www.abyssinialaw.com/blog-posts/item/1473-qualities-of-effective-leadership-and-its-
impact-on-good-governance

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