11/21/22, 12:30 PM integral from 0 to+infinity of e^{-sqrt(x)} - Symbolab

Solution

∞ √x
∫0 e− dx = 2

Steps
∞ √x
∫0 e− dx

Hide Steps
Compute the indefinite integral:    ∫ e
−√ x
dx = 2 −e
−√ x √(x −e
−√ x ) +C
√x
∫ e− dx

Apply u − substitution Hide Steps

Integral Substitution definition

∫ f ( g ( x ) ) · g′ ( x ) dx = ∫ f ( u ) du,      u = g ( x )
Substitute: u = −√ x

du = − 1 Hide Steps
 dx  2√ x

d( √ )
  − x
dx

Take the constant out:     ( a · f ) ′ = a · f ′

d
= −   (√ x )
dx

1
Apply radical rule:    √ a = a  2

d
= −   x  2
dx
( ) 1

a ( )
Apply the Power Rule:     d x = a · x
 dx
a−1

1
−1
= − 1 x  2
 2

1
−1 Hide Steps
Simplify − 1 x  2 :     − 1
 2  2 √ x

1
−1
− 1 x  2
 2

1
−1 −  12 Hide Steps
x  2 =x

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11/21/22, 12:30 PM integral from 0 to+infinity of e^{-sqrt(x)} - Symbolab
1
−1
x  2

Hide Steps
Join 1 − 1:     − 1
 2  2

1 −1
 2

Convert element to fraction:     1 = 1 · 2

  2

= −1· 2 + 1
  2  2

Since the denominators are equal, combine the fractions:      a ±  b =  a ± b

c c c

=  −1 · 2 + 1
2

−1 · 2 + 1 = −1 Hide Steps

−1 · 2 + 1

Multiply the numbers: 1 · 2 = 2

= −2 + 1

Add/Subtract the numbers: − 2 + 1 = −1

= −1

= −1
 2

Apply the fraction rule:     −a = − a

 b  b

= −1
 2

−  12
=x

−  12
= −1x
 2

−b
Apply exponent rule:     a = 1
 b
a

−  12
x = 1
√x

1 1
=  · 
2 √x

Multiply fractions:      a ·  c =  a · c
b d b · d

= −  1 · 1
2√ x

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11/21/22, 12:30 PM integral from 0 to+infinity of e^{-sqrt(x)} - Symbolab

Multiply the numbers: 1 · 1 = 1

1
= − 
2√ x

=− 1
 2√ x

1
    ⇒ du = −   dx
2√ x

    ⇒ dx = ( −2√ x ) du

u
= ∫ e ( −2√ x ) du

u
= ∫ − 2e √ x du

u = − √ x     ⇒    √ x = −u Hide Steps

−√ x = u

Divide both sides by − 1

−√ x = u
  −1  −1

Simplify

√ x = −u

u
= ∫ − 2e ( −u ) du

u
= ∫ 2e udu

u
= ∫ 2e udu

Take the constant out:    ∫a · f ( x ) dx = a · ∫f ( x ) dx

u
= 2 · ∫ e udu

Apply Integration By Parts Hide Steps

Integration By Parts definition

∫ uv′ = uv − ∫ u′v
u=u

u
v′ = e

u′ = d ( u ) = 1
Hide Steps
 du

d (u)
du
 

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11/21/22, 12:30 PM integral from 0 to+infinity of e^{-sqrt(x)} - Symbolab

Apply the common derivative:      d ( u ) = 1

du

=1

v = ∫ e du = e
u u Hide Steps

∫ eudu

u u
Use the common integral:    ∫ e du = e

u
=e

Add a constant to the solution

u
=e +C

u u
= ue − ∫ 1 · e du

Simplify Hide Steps

u u
ue − ∫ 1 · e du

u u
Multiply: 1 · e = e

u u
= e u − ∫ e du

u u
= e u − ∫ e du

( u
= 2 e u − ∫ e du
u )

∫ eudu = eu Hide Steps

∫ eudu

u u
Use the common integral:    ∫ e du = e

u
=e

= 2( e u − e )
u u

Substitute back u = −√ x

=2 e( −√ x ( −√ x ) − e−√ x )

Simplify

(
= 2 −e
−√ x √
x −e
−√ x )

Add a constant to the solution

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11/21/22, 12:30 PM integral from 0 to+infinity of e^{-sqrt(x)} - Symbolab

= 2 −e( −√ x √
x −e
−√ x ) +C

∞ −√ x Hide Steps
Compute the boundaries:    ∫0 e dx = 0 − ( −2 )

b
∫a f ( x ) dx = F ( b ) − F ( a ) = limx→ b− ( F ( x ) ) − limx→ a+ ( F ( x ) )

Hide Steps
limx→ 0+ 2 −e (( −√ x √
x −e
−√ x ) ) = −2

limx→ 0+ 2 −e (( −√ x √
x −e
−√ x ))

Plug in the value x = 0

(
= 2 −e
−√ 0 √
0 −e
−√ 0 )

Show Steps
(
Simplify 2 −e
−√ 0 √
0 −e
−√ 0
:     − 2 )
= −2

Hide Steps
limx→∞ 2 −e (( −√ x √
x −e
−√ x ))=0

limx→∞ 2 −e (( −√ x √
x −e
−√ x ))

limx→a [ c · f ( x ) ] = c · limx→af ( x )

= 2 · limx→∞ −e ( −√ x √
x −e
−√ x )

limx→a [ f ( x ) ± g ( x ) ] = limx→af ( x ) ± limx→ag ( x )

With the exception of indeterminate form

(
= 2 −limx→∞ e ( −√ x √ x ) − limx→∞ ( e−√ x ) )

Show Steps
limx→∞ e ( −√ x √ x ) = 0
Hide Steps
limx→∞ e ( −√ x ) = 0

limx→∞ e ( −√ x )

Apply the Limit Chain Rule:    0 Hide Steps

limx→∞ e ( −√ x )
Limit Chain Rule

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11/21/22, 12:30 PM integral from 0 to+infinity of e^{-sqrt(x)} - Symbolab

if limu → b f ( u ) = L, and limx → a g ( x ) = b, and f ( x ) is continuous at x = b

    Then: limx → a f ( g ( x ) ) = L

u
g ( x ) = −√ x , f ( u ) = e

limx→∞ ( −√ x ) = −∞ Show Steps

Hide Steps
limu→ −∞ ( e ) =0
u

limu→ −∞ ( e )
u

u
Apply the common limit: limu→ −∞ e = 0 ( )
=0

By the chain rule:

=0

=0

= 2 ( −0 − 0 )

Simplify

=0

= 0 − ( −2 )

= 0 − ( −2 )

Simplify

=2

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