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Local Media1837011522531140597
Local Media1837011522531140597
Local Media1837011522531140597
01 02 03
SPECIAL PRODUCTS BINOMIAL THEOREM PROGRESSION
AND FACTORING
04 05
RATIO, PROPORTION LINEAR AND
AND VARIATION QUADRATIC
01
SPECIAL PRODUCTS
AND FACTORING
SPECIAL PRODUCTS
Special products are the result of binomials being multiplied, or simplified further, and can be
solved with ease using the FOIL method: first, outer, inner, last.
(x − y)2 = x2 − 2xy + y2
2. (x2-4)(x2+5)=(x2)(x2)+(5-4)x2-20=x4+x2-20
3. (2x3-5y4)(3x2+4y3)=6x5-15x2y4+8x3y3-20y7
CASE 2:PRODUCT OF THE SUM AND DIFFERENCE
OF THE SAME TWO TERMS
FIND THE PRODUCT OF THE FOLLOWING
1. (4x+5y)(4x-5y)=(4x)2-(5y)2=16x2-25y2
2. (x6a5+7) (x6a5-7)=x12a10-49
CASE 3:SQUARE OF BINOMIAL
1. (3x-7)=(3x)2-2(3x)(7)+72= 9x2-42x+49
2. (4x3-3y6)2=(4x3)2-2(4x3)(3y6)+(3y6)2=16x6-24x3y6+9y12
CASE 4:SQUARE OF A TRINOMIAL
1. (a+b+c)2=[a+(-b)+(-c)]2
=a2+ (-b)2+ (-c)2+ 2a(-b)+2a(-c)+2(-b)(-c)
=a2+b2+c2-2ab-2ac+2bc
2. (3x+y-5)2=[3x+y+(-5)]2
=(3x)2+y2+(-5)2+2(3x)(y)+2(3x)(-5)+(2)(y)(-5)
=9x2+y2+25+6xy-30x-10y
CASE 5:CUBE OF A BINOMIAL
1. (a2- 4)3=(a2)3-3(a2)2(4)+(3)(a2)(4)2-43=a6-12a4+48a2-64
x2 − 2xy + y2 = (x − y)2
1. 24x2-18x3= 6x2(4-3x)
1. 9a2-25b2=(3a)2-(5b)2=(3a-5b)(3a+5b)
2. a8x4-16=(a4x2+4)(a4x2-4)=(a4x2+4)(a2x-2) (a2x+2)
CASE 3: PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIAL
1. 4x2-12xy+9y2= (2x-3y)2
2. x5-2x3+x=x(x4-2x2+1)=x(x2-1)2=x(x+1)2(x-1)2
CASE 4: SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF TWO CUBES
1. 8x3-125y3=(2x)3-(5y)3=(2x-5y)(4x2+10xy+25y2)
2. x15-y6z12=(x5)3-(y2z4)3=(x5-y2z4)(x10+x5y2z4+y4z8)
CASE 5: OTHER TRINOMIALS (trial and error)
1. x2-x-6=(x+2)(x-3)
2. 6x2+7xy-20y2=(3x-4y)(2x+5y)
CASE 6: FACTORING BY GROUPING
1. ax+ay-bx-by=a(x+y)-b(x+y)=(x+y)(a-b)
2. rs2-s-r2s+r=(r2s-s)-(r2s-r)=s (rs-1)-r(rs-1)=(s-r)(rs-1)
02
BINOMIAL THEOREM
BINOMIAL THEOREM
In the expression of (x + y)n the coefficient of the expansion can be obtained by Pascal Triangle.
Properties
1. The first term is xn
n=5 2. The last term is yn
3. The exponent of x decreases by 1.
4. The exponent of y increases by 1.
5. The sum of exponents of each term is n.
6. The number of terms is n+1.
7. The signs are alternating if y is negative
8. The coefficients of symmetrical terms are equal.
Example:
( x + y)5= 1x5 + 5x4y + 10x3y2 + 10x2y3 + 5xy2 + 1y5
BINOMIAL THEOREM FORMULAS
1. rth term nCr-1 xn-(r-1) yr-1,
2. Term with yr nCr-1 xn-(r-1) yr-1, (when term free of x or independent of x, r=0)
4. Coefficient of next term Cnt = (𝐂oefficient of 𝐩revious 𝐭erm) (𝐄𝐱𝐩.𝐨𝐟 𝐗 𝐩revious 𝐭erm) / (𝐄𝐱𝐩
𝐨𝐟 𝐘 previous term + 𝟏)
if (xa + yb)n
S = ( 𝐧 (𝐧+𝟏)(𝐚+𝐛) )/ 2
CASE 1: FIND THE rth term
Solution: 4C3-1(2a3)4-(3-1)(5b)3-1
6(2a3)2(5b)2
6(4a6)(25b2)
Answer: 600a6b2
CASE 2: FIND THE term involving yr
1. Find the term involving x3 in the
expansion (x2 + (1/x) )12
Step 1: SIMPLIFY THE BINOMIAL-> Formula: nCr-1 xn-(r-1) yr-1
(x2+x-1)12 Given: n=12, r=8, a=(x2), b=(x-1)
Formula: nCr-1 xn-(r-1) yr-1 Step 3: Solve for the term
Given: n=12, r=?, a=(x2), b=(x-1) 12C8-1(x2)12-8+1 (1/x)8-1
12C7 (x2)13-8(1/x)7
Step 2: Solve for r (focus on exponents) 12C7 x10. (1/x)7
12Cr-1 (x2)12-r+1. (x-1)r-1 12C7 x10/x7
(x2)13-r . (x)-r+1 Answer: 792x3
same base-add the exponents 26-2r-r+1
Equate it to 3, 26-3r+1=3
r=8
CASE 3: FIND THE middle term
1. Find the middle term of (x/2 + 1/x)12
Solution: 12C7-1(x/2)12-(7-1)(1/x)7-1
12C6 (x/2)6 (1/x)6
(924) (x6/64) (1/x6)
924/64=231/16
Answer: 231/16
CASE 4: FIND THE COEFFICIENT OF THE NEXT TERM
Answer: 792
CASE 5: FIND THE SUM OF THE COEFFICENTS
Solution: [2(1)+1]10
=59 049
Answer: 59 049
CASE 6: FIND THE SUM OF THE EXPONENTS
Formula: S = n (n + 1)
Solution:
S= 5(5+1)
Answer: 630
END OF PART
1