AP Chem Unit 3 Summative

AP CHEMISTRY Test Booklet
Shaima Yousef Alharmi 27649, Date completed: 20th Nov

UNIT 3 test
1.
Solution
Of the three solutions listed in the table above, which one, if any, has the greatest electrical conductivity and why?
(A) because its molecules have the most atoms.
(B) because completely dissociates in water to produce ions.
(C) because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds.
(D) All three solutions have the same electrical conductivity because the concentrations are the same.
AP Chemistry Page 1 of 31
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
2. Directions: For parts of the free-response question that require calculations, clearly show the method used and the
steps involved in arriving at your answers. You must show your work to receive credit for your answer. Examples
and equations may be included in your answers where appropriate.
While investigating the chemical and physical properties of metallic element , a student conducts an experiment
by combining and , which react according to the following equation.
IEs) + 2H caa) + 2Briaal- 2Efal + (Braa1 +H219)
(a) Write the net-ionic equation for the reaction. 2E cs) + 2H laa -> IE(aa1 + H2 (9)
(b) In the reaction, is being oxidized or reduced? Justify your answer in terms of oxidation numbers.
Eis being oxidized because it lost 2 electrons
As shown in the following diagram, samples of are added to different quantities of in

a closed test tube. At the start of each trial, the gas-collecting tube is filled completely with distilled water. The
samples of react with , and the produced is collected in the gas-collecting tube.
(c) The enlarged view of the gas-collecting tube at the end of trial 3 is shown in the diagram above. What should
the student record as the volume, in , of collected in trial 3?
34.4mL
(d) In the laboratory, the temperature is and the total pressure in the gas-collecting tube is .
Page 2 of 31 AP Chemistry
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
If the vapor pressure of water at is , determine the pressure of the in the gas-collecting
tube. Pressure of Haca) Total-vapor
=
pressure
pressure of Heca) =
728.8mmHg
748.6-19.8=728.8mmHg
Initial Volume of Produced
Trial Initial Moles of
( ) ( )
1 0.00220 0.500 27.02

2E(S) 2 HBrcaal
N ↓
2 0.00240 0.500 29.40
Fozzoo rise 3 0.00280 0.500 ?
(e) The data from all three trials are given above. A student claims that is the limiting reactant in trial 1.
Do you agree or disagree? Justify your answer with information in the data table.
I disagree with the students statement because, there is a larger amount of HBr than E, making HBr the excess reactant and E the limiting
(f) A certain pure compound containing element is analyzed. The elemental composition of the compound is
shown in the following table. Determine the empirical formula of the compound using the information in the table.
0.067O
E =-= 2
0.0338
Element Moles Present in the Compound
s =08538 1
=
0.0338 E 0.0676
0.102
0 =.= 3
0.0338 S 0.0338
Empirical formula:EzSO3 O 0.102
(g) A different element, , is located in the same row of the periodic table as element , but has roughly half
the atomic mass of . Is the atomic radius of less than, equal to, or greater than the atomic radius of ? Justify
your answer using principles of atomic structure.
(h) The ionic radii of elements and a different metallic element, , are shown in the following table. Both
elements form oxides, and . If lattice energy is defined as the energy required to separate an ionic solid
into individual separate gaseous ions, would the lattice energy of be less than, equal to, or greater than the
lattice energy of the oxide ? Justify your answer in terms of Coulomb’s law.
(8) Atomic radius of his greater than atomic radius of E. Atomic mass increases across a period and given that I has half the
atomic mass of E, it would have a smaller atomic number, meaning less protons the less the protons of an atom, the lower the
attraction of electrons towards the nucleus hence, larger atomic radius. Showing that the atomic radius of his greater than the atomic
radius of E
(h) concombs law states that the smaller the distance between atoms, the greater the force of attraction. Since the atomic radius of M(llopm)
is smaller that that of E(lopm), the oxide Mo will have higher lattice energy that of ECO due to the shorter distance and
greater attraction of atoms.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
Ionic radius
Element
( )
170
110
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
3. Directions: For parts of the free-response question that require calculations, clearly show the method used
and the steps involved in arriving at your answers. You must show your work to receive credit for your
answer. Examples and equations may be included in your answers where appropriate.
While investigating the chemical and physical properties of metallic element , a student conducts an experiment
by combining and , which react according to the following equation.
(a) Write the net-ionic equation for the reaction. 2E(s) + TcaN +GBrTaal ->2ETcaal 3Hz(9)
+2Brcaal
GH +
(b) In the reaction, is being oxidized or reduced? Justify your answer in terms of oxidation numbers.
Eisis being oxidized because it lost 2 electrons.
As shown in the following diagram, samples of are added to different quantities of in
a closed test tube. At the start of each trial, the gas-collecting tube is filled completely with distilled water. The
samples of react with , and the produced is collected in the gas-collecting tube.
25
(c) The enlarged view of the gas-collecting tube at the end of trial 3 is shown in the diagram above. What should
the student record as the volume, in , of collected in trial 3?
29.25mL
(d) In the laboratory, the temperature is and the total pressure in the gas-collecting tube is .
If the vapor pressure of water at is , determine the pressure of the in the gas-collecting
744.7-19.8=724.9mmHg Pressure of H2(g) = 724.9mmHg
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
tube.
Initial Volume of Produced
Trial Initial Moles of
( ) ( )
2E(s) GHBV caal

1 0.400 19.95
adovio"ando67
2 0.400 25.52
3 0.400 ?
↳ (e) The data from all three trials are given above. A student claims that is the limiting reactant in trial 2. Do
you agree or disagree? Justify your answer with information in the data table.
I agree because there is more HBr than Ecs), making HBrcaal the excess reactant, and Els, the limiting reactant
(f) A certain pure compound containing element is analyzed. The elemental composition of the compound is
shown in the following table. Determine the empirical formula of the compound using the information in the table.
E 0,T
=
Element Moles Present in the Compound

I =
5050 =
2.9a =
3
E 0.0167
2800 11.97 =12
0
=
I 0.050
=
0.0167
Empirical formula: EI3O12 O 0.200
(g) A different element, , is located in the same column of the periodic table as element , but has roughly
double the atomic mass of . Is the atomic radius of less than, equal to, or greater than the atomic radius of ?
Justify your answer using principles of atomic structure.
(h) The ionic radii of ions and are shown in the following table. Element can bond with or to
form or , respectively. If lattice energy is defined as the energy required to separate an ionic solid into
individual separate gaseous ions, would the lattice energy of be less than, equal to, or greater than the
lattice energy of ? Justify your answer in terms of Coulomb’s law.
(o) I has greater atomic radius than E. Given that
I has double the atomic mass of E, L would be further
down the column/group while I would be at the top. Ionic radius

this means that I has a larger number of energy levels
making the atomic radius of larger than that of E Element
(h) According to concombs law, the smaller the

( )
distance between atoms, the greater the force of
attraction. Since the atomic radius of x2-(120pm)
is smaller than that of 22-11s0pm), the lattice 120
energy of EzXs is greater than that of Ecls due 180
to the shorter distance (smaller radii) and greater
attraction.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
4. A 2 L container will hold about 4 g of which of the following gases at 0°C and 1 atm?
(A) SO2 -> 100625) (0.082) (273): 1.4L
(B) N2 -> 10.1429) (0.082( (273) = 3.2L
(C) CO2 -> 10.0909) (0.082) (273): 22
(D) C4H8 -> 10.0714) (0.082) (273) =

16
(E) NH3 -> (0.2353) (0.082) (273) = 0.52
At 27°C, five identical rigid 2.0 L vessels are filled with N2(g) and sealed. Four of the five vessels also contain a 0.050
mol sample of NaHCO3(s), NaBr(s), Cu(s), or I2(s), as shown in the diagram above. The volume taken up by the solids is
negligible, and the initial pressure of N2(g) in each vessel is 720 mm Hg. All four vessels are heated to 127°C and allowed
to reach a constant pressure.
5.
The gas particles in vessel 3 at 27°C are represented in the diagram above. The lengths of the arrows represent the
speeds of the particles. Which of the following diagrams best represents the particles when vessel 3 is heated to
127°C?
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
6.
The diagrams above show the ultraviolet absorption spectra for two compounds. Diagram 1 is the absorption
spectrum of pure acetone, a solvent used when preparing solutions for an experiment. Diagram 2 is the absorption
spectrum of the solute for which the absorbance needs to be measured to determine its concentration. When the
student reads the absorbance of the solution at , the result is too high. Which of the following is most likely
responsible for the error in the measured absorbance?
(A) The student added too little solute to the acetone before measuring its absorbance.
(B) The student rinsed the cuvette with the solution before filling the cuvette with the solution.
(C) The student forgot to calibrate the spectrophotometer first by using a cuvette containing only acetone.
The wavelength setting was accidentally changed from to before the student made the
(D)
measurement.
7. When the actual gas volume is greater than the volume predicted by the ideal gas law, the explanation lies in the
fact that the ideal gas law does NOT include a factor for molecular.
(A) volume
(B) mass
(C) velocity
(D) attractions
(E) shape
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
8. 3 Ag(s) + 4 HNO3(aq) → 3 AgNO3(aq) + NO(g) + 2 H2O(l)
A student investigates the reaction between Ag(s) and HNO3(aq) represented by the equation above.
a. Predict the sign of the entropy change, ΔS°, for the reaction. Justify your answer.
the sign of US will be positive because a liquid and a solid react to make a gas, and the entropy of a gas is greater
than the entropy of a solid or liquid. Hence, the s will be positive (have a positive sign).
b. Use the information in the table below to calculate the value ΔHrxn°, the standard enthalpy change for the
WHr>n
reaction, in kJ/molrxn.
=
UH Products
reactants UH
[Hran=48K5/ molran
-
WHran =
(37-1017) + (90) + (25-2801) -
(3101) + (4)-2071)
c. Based on your answers to parts (a) and (b), is the reaction more likely to be thermodynamically favorable
at 25°C, or at 95°C? Justify your answer.
The reaction will be more therodynamically favorable at 95% because the change in free energy (02) becomes more negative.
d. The student runs the reaction using a 3 to 4 mole ratio of Ag(s) to HNO3(aq) . Suggest a method the
student can use to isolate solid AgNO3 from the other products of the reaction.
the student should leave the container in which the reaction is occuring open because NO is a gas and will leave the container
as it is produced. Given the ratio of the equation, AgNOs and H20 will be left behind therefore, evaporating H20 will isolate AgNOz
9. Several reactions are carried out using AgBr, a cream-colored silver salt for which the value of the solubility-
product constant, Ksp , is 5.0 x 10−13 at 298 K.
a. Write the expression for the solubility-product constant, Ksp , of AgBr.

Ksp=CAgt] [BrT
b. Calculate the value of [Ag+] in 50.0 mL of a saturated solution of AgBr at 298 K.
**O=71x10" value of [Agt] in AgBr=71x10"M
c. A 50.0 mL sample of distilled water is added to the solution described in part (b), which is in a beaker
with some solid AgBr at the bottom. The solution is stirred and equilibrium is reestablished. Some solid
AgBr remains in the beaker. Is the value of [Ag+] greater than, less than, or equal to the value you
calculated in part (b) ? Justify your answer. the value of [Ag+] is equal to the value calculated in part b, because
the concentration of ions in a solution in equilibrium with a solid does not depend on the volume of the solution.
d. Calculate the minimum volume of distilled water, in liters, necessary to completely dissolve a 5.0 g
sample of AgBr(s) at 298 K. (The molar mass of AgBr is 188 g mol-1.)
e. A student mixes 10.0 mL of 1.5 x 10−4 M AgNO3 with 2.0 mL of 5.0 x 10−4 M NaBr and stirs the
resulting mixture. What will the student observe? Justify your answer with calculations.
f. The color of another salt of silver, AgI(s), is yellow. A student adds a solution of NaI to a test tube
containing a small amount of solid, cream-colored AgBr. After stirring the contents of the test tube, the
student observes that the solid in the test tube changes color from cream to yellow.
i. Write the chemical equation for the reaction that occurred in the test tube.
ii. Which salt has the greater value of Ksp : AgBr or AgI ? Justify your answer.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
8.
(d)
59g, 01 0.0266 =
mo1 AgBr 3 Ag(s) + 4 HNO3(aq) → 3 AgNO3(aq) + NO(g) + 2 H2O(l)
A student0
concentration =
7.1x104=066
investigates the reaction between Ag(s) and HNO3(aq) represented by the equation above.
->
v
=
6 a.37464.8 =3.7x16L
=
Predict the sign of the entropy change, ΔS°, for the reaction. Justify your answer.
v = 3.7x18" L
b. Use the information in the table below to calculate the value ΔHrxn°, the standard enthalpy change for the
reaction, in kJ/molrxn.
(e)CAgtIEOdl5x1O-U-I.3xIo
Q =
[Ag +] (Br -] =
(1.3x10 -3) (8.3 x 10-5) = 1.1x188 M
The student will observe the formation of a percipitate due to the value of Kso being greater than Q
c. Based on your answers to parts (a) and (b), is the reaction more likely to be thermodynamically favorable
(f)
at 25°C, or at 95°C? Justify your answer.
(i) AgBr(s)+ NaI(aal ->AgI(s+NaBrcaal
d. The student
thanruns theofreaction usingyellow
a 3 toAgl
4 mole ratio of Ag(s) to HNO 3(aq) .that
Suggest aless
method the
(ii)Ksp of AgBr is greater that AgI because forms,
Keatoo AgBr, meaning
student can use to isolate solid AgNO3 from the other products of the reaction.
Regis than 1
9. Several reactions are carried out using AgBr, a cream-colored silver salt for which the value of the solubility-
product constant, Ksp , is 5.0 x 10−13 at 298 K.
a. Write the expression for the solubility-product constant, Ksp , of AgBr.
b. Calculate the value of [Ag+] in 50.0 mL of a saturated solution of AgBr at 298 K.
c. A 50.0 mL sample of distilled water is added to the solution described in part (b), which is in a beaker
with some solid AgBr at the bottom. The solution is stirred and equilibrium is reestablished. Some solid
AgBr remains in the beaker. Is the value of [Ag+] greater than, less than, or equal to the value you
calculated in part (b) ? Justify your answer.
d. Calculate the minimum volume of distilled water, in liters, necessary to completely dissolve a 5.0 g
sample of AgBr(s) at 298 K. (The molar mass of AgBr is 188 g mol-1.)
e. A student mixes 10.0 mL of 1.5 x 10−4 M AgNO3 with 2.0 mL of 5.0 x 10−4 M NaBr and stirs the
resulting mixture. What will the student observe? Justify your answer with calculations.
f. The color of another salt of silver, AgI(s), is yellow. A student adds a solution of NaI to a test tube
containing a small amount of solid, cream-colored AgBr. After stirring the contents of the test tube, the
student observes that the solid in the test tube changes color from cream to yellow.
i. Write the chemical equation for the reaction that occurred in the test tube.
ii. Which salt has the greater value of Ksp : AgBr or AgI ? Justify your answer.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
A student investigates various properties of silver compounds in the lab. First, the student carries out the following
procedure to determine the concentration of in a solution of . The student adds an excess
of to of the solution, causing to precipitate. The precipitate is separated
from the solution by filtering it through a pre-weighed piece of filter paper. The precipitate and filter paper are
rinsed with distilled water, dried, and weighed. The data from the experiment are given in the table below.
Initial mass of filter paper

Mass of filter paper + precipitate after drying
(a) Calculate the number of moles of that precipitated. (The molar mass of is ).
Mass of AgCls, Percipitate 2.311-0.851
=
= 1.469 teg0 =
0.0102 mol
(b) Assuming that all of the ions precipitated, calculate the original molarity of in the
solution before was added. concentration =
d1o2=0.051
M
(c) The calculated concentration of from the student’s data is higher than the actual concentration of the
original solution. The student claims that the calculated concentration is too high because the original solution
contained some impurities that resulted in some precipitating along with the . Do
you agree or disagree? Justify your answer.
I do not agree with the students claim because Naol is a strong electrolyte and is highly soluble in water.
After the experiment, the student learns that the precipitate, , is slightly soluble in water. To determine
the solubility, the student mixes a sample of the precipitate with warm, distilled water to make a saturated
solution. The student finds the following equation for the dissolution of in water and a value at the
temperature of the water.
(d) Calculate in the student’s solution. 2.0x10-5M

in the solution is
Ksp [Ag+]((1 ]
4.0x18-10. 1x10= 2.0x10-5M. CA9t]
=
(e) The value of of another silver salt, , is . If separate, saturated solutions of

and are prepared, which solution will have the greater ? Justify your answer.
AgCl solution has greater [Agt] because it's value is 2.0x10-5, opposing to the solution AgBr that has a smaller value of [Agt] of 1.1 x 10 7.
(f) The student finds the following particulate model of . Assuming the crystal structures are similar,
how should the student modify the model to represent ? Justify your answer in terms of the radius and
arrangement of electrons in the ions.
Br has more energy levels than 21, therefore a larger
the student should draw Brions larger than citions.
difference in electron configuration between the two ions, Br-having more electrons and a
atomic radius and the
larger arrangement while it has less electrons and a smaller arrangement.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
(g) The enthalpy of dissolution of in water is a positive value. Based on this information, the student
claims that the energy released when separating the ions in is greater than the energy released during the
hydration of and by water molecules. Do you agree or disagree with the student’s claim? Justify your
answer.
I disagree with the students claim because the enthalpy of dissolution is positive, meaning the energy gained to separate
AgThe
andstudent then conducts
CI molecules anthan
is greater experiment to determine
the energy released tothe solubility
hydrate Agtof
and in a solution at
citions. The substance gains more
energy than it
various temperatures. Some
releases to dissolute
remains in the container at all temperatures studied. The data are plotted on
the graph below.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is cooled to . Determine the mass of that

would precipitate out of the solution. at 95°-solution 0.799 mass =
that would percipitate 0.79-0.61

=
=
0.18
a+ 85°- solution 0.61g

= =
0.29 AgC
(i) The specific heat capacity of the solution is . How much heat is released when of the
solution is cooled from to ?
Q =
mcNT - Q =
(1000)(3.3)(10) ->a= 33,0005
p
UT 85
=
-
95=-18
(j) The student finds that is more soluble in than in water because of the series of reactions
above. Determine the value of for the overall reaction.
Mass of AgClis, Percipitate 0.0102mo1 =
Ks=<AgC12]/2A9C(C1)
->
k3=0.0102)/ 10.102310.102]
-> k3 =1x18 -
To further investigate the reactivity of silver, the student submerges a piece of metallic scandium, , in a
solution of and observes that the following reaction occurs.
(k) Write the balanced net-ionic equation for the reaction.

SO,s1 3A9T(aal
+ ->
3Ag(s1+SCT (aal
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
(l) The mass of the decreases significantly as it sits in the solution. The student claims that the
mass decreases because scandium ions dissolve into the solution as the experiment progresses. Does the student’s
claim accurately explain the decrease in the mass of the ? Justify your answer.
A more accurate explanation is, a more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal from the solution of its ions.
sc displaces Ag from the nitrate to form scCros), which is a soluble salt that ionizes into set and NO5.Thus, so loses it's
weight by dissolving to form sc3t.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test

Mass of Ageles, percipitate 0.793-0.650
=
=
0.143-> 0.143/1439/mo1 0.001
=
Mol
0 801 = 0.003
(c) The calculated concentration of from the student’s data is lower than the actual concentration of the
original solution. The student claims that the calculated concentration is too low because some of the
passed through the filter paper. Do you agree or disagree? Justify your answer.
Idgree because some Agcly can pass through filter paper.
(d) Calculate in the student’s solution.

TO10 = 0.3x10- "Of CA9+]
(e) The value of of another silver salt, , is . If separate, saturated solutions of
-4.
the solution that would have the greates [Agt] is Agfic, because it has 14.14 while [AgC] has 0.3x10
arrangement of electrons in the ions. -
fions smaller than ctions. F has less energy levels than 21, therefore a smaller
the student should draw
difference in electron configuration between the twoions, f-having less electrons and a
smaller arrangement while it has more electrons and a larger arrangement.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
claims that the energy required to separate the ions in is equal to the energy released during the
answer.
The student
Ag and then conducts
CI molecules an experiment
is greater to determine
than the energy releasedthe
to solubility
hydrate Agt in a The substance solution
of and citions. at energy
gains more than it
various temperatures.
Some remains in the container at all temperatures studied. The data are plotted on
the graph below.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test

would precipitate out of the solution. a+ 85° -0.619
Mass of AgC((x)
=
0.61 -0.23=0.389
a+ 50° - 0.239
a (1000)(3.4)(35) - Q 119,000
mc6T a =
= = =
UT 50 85
=
- =- 35
10
13 9.8x18 1.(X185 1.1X185 k3 1.1x185
-
+
=
=
To further investigate the reactivity of silver, the student submerges a piece of metallic tin, , in a solution of
and observes that the following reaction occurs.

Sn(s) +
2Ag(aa) ->2Ag(s) + Snaal
mass decreases because the atoms in are converted to atoms of as the experiment progresses, and
has a smaller molar mass than has. Does the student’s claim accurately explain the decrease in the
mass of the ? Justify your answer.
sn displaces Ag from the nitrate to form sucros), which is a soluble salt that ionizes into out and NO5.Thus, so loses it's
weight by dissolving to form outs

Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test

Mass of Agclis percipitate 3.570 -0.718
=
=
2.86 ->
2.86/143 = 0.02 mol
0 = 0.2 M
(c) The calculated concentration of from the student’s data is lower than the actual concentration of the
original solution. The student claims that the calculated concentration is too low because the filter paper and
precipitate were not fully dry. Do you agree or disagree? Justify your answer.
I agree because the mass was really high
the solubility, the student mixes a sample of the precipitate with cold, distilled water to make a saturated solution.
The student finds the following equation for the dissolution of in water and a value at the

No
t0=0.00001 (Agt] in the solution =
0.1x10-4
(e) The value of of another silver salt, , is . If separate, saturated solutions of and
are prepared, which solution will have the greater ? Justify your answer.
the solution that would have the greates [Agt] is Agcl because it has 0.1x10 while AgI has 9.1x10 -
Itions larger than citions. It has more energy levels than 21, therefore a larger
the student should draw
difference in electron configuration between the two ions, I-having more electrons and a
larger arrangement while it has less electrons and a smaller arrangement.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
claims that the energy required to separate the ions in is greater than the energy released during the
answer.
The student then conducts an experiment to determine the solubility of in a solution at
Ag and CI molecules is greater than the energy released to hydrate Agt and citions. The substance gains more energy than it
varioustotemperatures.
dissolute
Some remains in the container at all temperatures studied. The data are plotted on
releases
the graph below.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test

would precipitate out of the solution.
At1000000.99Mass of AgClcs percipitated 0.9 -0.32
=
= 0.5
QmCbrT20(1000)(3.4)(40)
=
- a 136. So
=
represented above. Determine the value of for the overall reaction.
10
k3 1.0x18 1.8x185 1.8x185
-
+ 13
=
- =
To further investigate the reactivity of silver, the student submerges a piece of metallic nickel, , in a solution
of and observes that the following reaction occurs.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test

Nics) + 2 AgTaal ->
2Ag(c) NiTlaa
mass decreases because the atoms in lose electrons as the experiment progresses. Does the student’s claim
completely explain the decrease in the mass of the ? Justify your answer.
sn displaces Ag from the nitrate to form NilNos), which is a soluble salt that ionizes into Nit and NOs. Thus, Niloses it's
weight by dissolving to form Nit3
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test

1. 110 -
0.821 = 0.189-0.289/143 =0.002 mol
solution before was added. concentration
802
0.005 M
=
=
original solution. The student claims that the calculated concentration is too high because the filter paper and
precipitate were not fully dry. Do you agree or disagree? Justify your answer.
Disagree because a larger portion of the mass was the filter paper.

NT0=0.00004 ->(C1) in solution 0.4x18-4 =
(e) The value of of another chloride salt, , is . If separate, saturated solutions of

AgCI has greater (CI) because its value is 0.4x10%, while cull has less because its value is 4.12x10%
the student should draw Cutions smaller than Actions. Out has less energy levels than Ag,therefore a smaller
configuration between the twoions, Cutharing

less electrons and a
difference in electron
smaller arrangement while Agt has more electrons and a larger arrangement.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
claims that the energy required to separate the ions in is greater than the energy absorbed during the
answer.
The student then conducts an experiment to determine the solubility of in a solution at
Ag and CI molecules is greater than the energy released to hydrate Agt and citions. The substance gains more energy than it
various temperatures. Some remains in the container at all temperatures studied. The data are plotted on
the graph below.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is heated to . Determine the additional mass of

that would dissolve into the solution.
at5000073 Mass of Age) dissolved =
0.42-0.13 =0.1
(i) The specific heat capacity of the solution is . How much heat is absorbed when of the
solution is heated from to ?
0 66,0005
a
mc++ a (1000)(3.3)(20) -
=
=
=
UT 70 = -
50:28
represented above. Determine the value of for the overall reaction.
13 1.6x10- + 1.0x105 ->k3 1.0x185
=
To further investigate the reactivity of silver, the student submerges a piece of metallic vanadium, , in a

Vis+2Agaal ->2Ag(s +Vjaas
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
mass decreases because the atoms in the lose protons as the experiment progresses. Does the student’s claim
accurately explain the decrease in the mass of the ? Justify your answer.
+3
V displaces Ag from the nitrate to form vCNOs), which is a soluble salt that ionizes into V and NO5.Thus, V loses it's
14. Solid
weightAl(NO 3)3 is added
by dissolving to distilled
to form vt3 water to produce a solution in which the concentration of nitrate, [NO3-], is
0.10 M. What is the concentration of aluminum ion, [Al3+], in this solution?
(A) 0.010 M
(B) 0.033 M
(C) 0.066 M
(D) 0.10 M
(E) 0.30 M
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test

3.095-0.945=2.15-1.15/143=0.015 mol
solution before was added. concentration
doo5=0.03M
=
original solution. The student claims that the calculated concentration is too high because was
accidentally used instead of . Do you agree or disagree? Justify your answer.
I agree because the difference in concentration is high

N10-9 0.5x10-4 ksp=0.5x10-Y
=
(e) The value of of another chloride salt, , is . If separate, saturated solutions of and
are prepared, which solution will have the greater ? Justify your answer.
Lich has greater [CI] with the lue of 20 while in Agelits 0.5x18-4
the student should draw Litions smaller than Agtions. Lit has less energy levels than Agttherefore a smaller
difference in electron configuration between the twoions, Lithaving less electrons and a
smaller arrangement while Agt has more electrons and a larger arrangement.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
claims that the energy released during the separation of the ions in is greater than the energy absorbed
during the hydration of and by water molecules. Do you agree or disagree with the student’s claim?
Justify your answer.
Theandstudent then conducts an experiment to determine the solubility of in a solution at
Ag CI molecules is greater than the energy released to hydrate Agt and citions. The substance gains more energy than it
various temperatures. Some remains in the container at all temperatures studied. The data are plotted on
the graph below.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is heated to . Determine the additional mass of

that would dissolve into the solution. 60° -0.329
at
Mass of Age) dissolved 0.48-0.32
=
d+ 75%+0.489 8.169
=
(i) The specific heat capacity of the solution is . How much heat is absorbed when of the
solution is heated from to ?
a
mcb a (1000)(3.4)(15) 0 51,0005 -
=
= + =
UT 75 =
-
68 = 15
9
kz 1.5x10-
=
+ 2.0x185 =kz 1.0x183
=
To further investigate the reactivity of silver, the student submerges a piece of metallic zirconium, , in a

Ir(x) + 4A9T(aa) ->4Ad,s1 + ZrTaas
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
mass decreases because the melts into a liquid as the experiment progresses. Does the student’s claim
accurately explain the decrease in the mass of the ? Justify your answer.
+3
In displaces Ag from the nitrate to form InCNOs), which is a soluble salt that ionizes into IV and NO5.Thus, I loses it's
16. deviates
weight by more
dissolving to from
form ideal
Int3 behavior at extremely high pressures than does. Which of the following is
one reason for this difference?
(A) The particle volume of is greater than that of .
(B) atoms have more valence electrons than atoms have, so atoms have greater interparticle forces.
(C) The intermolecular forces between atoms are greater than those between atoms.
(D) atoms are more attracted to the walls of the container than atoms are.
17. At standard temperature and pressure, a 0.50 mol sample of H2 gas and a separate 1.0 mol sample of O2 gas have
the same
(A) average molecular kinetic energy
(B) average molecular speed
(C) volume
(D) effusion rate
(E) density
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
18.
The table above shows the structural formulas and molar masses for three different compounds. Which of the
following is a list of the compounds in order of increasing boiling points?
(A) Butane < 1-propanol < acetone
(B) Butane < acetone < 1-propanol
(C) 1-propanol < acetone < butane
(D) Acetone = butane < 1-propanol
19. Use the principles of atomic structure and/or chemical bonding to explain each of the following. In each part, your
answers must include references to both substances.
a. The atomic radius of Li is larger than that of Be.

Li has less protons than Be therefore the attraction of the electrons to the nucleus is weaker hence,
b. The second ionization energy of K is greater than the second ionization energy of Ca. larger radius
Because I acquires stable noble gas configuration after losing one electron
c. The carbon-to-carbon bond energy in C2H4 is greater than it is in C2H6.
because City has a double bond between its z carbon atoms while Cettonas a single bond between
its I carbon atoms.
d. The boiling point of Cl2 is lower than the boiling point of Br2.
Br has larger atomic radius, it will have stronger intermolecular forces, hence more heat energy is
required to break the strong bonds.
Test Booklet
UNIT 3 test
20.
Solid carbon tetrachloride, , is represented by the diagram above. The attractions between the
molecules that hold the molecules together in the solid state are best identified as
(A) polar covalent bonds
(B) nonpolar covalent bonds
(C) intermolecular attractions resulting from temporary dipoles
(D) intermolecular attractions resulting from permanent dipoles

AP Chem Unit 3 Summative

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AP CHEMISTRY Test Booklet

Shaima Yousef Alharmi 27649, Date completed: 20th Nov

IEs) + 2H caa) + 2Briaal- 2Efal + (Braa1 +H219)

As shown in the following diagram, samples of are added to different quantities of in

Initial Volume of Produced

Trial Initial Moles of

1 0.00220 0.500 27.02

Fozzoo rise 3 0.00280 0.500 ?

greater attraction of atoms.

Initial Volume of Produced

Trial Initial Moles of

2E(s) GHBV caal

Element Moles Present in the Compound

Empirical formula: EI3O12 O 0.200

I has double the atomic mass of E, L would be further

down the column/group while I would be at the top. Ionic radius

(h) According to concombs law, the smaller the

(B) N2 -> 10.1429) (0.082( (273) = 3.2L

(C) CO2 -> 10.0909) (0.082) (273): 22

(D) C4H8 -> 10.0714) (0.082) (273) =

(E) NH3 -> (0.2353) (0.082) (273) = 0.52

8. 3 Ag(s) + 4 HNO3(aq) → 3 AgNO3(aq) + NO(g) + 2 H2O(l)

a. Write the expression for the solubility-product constant, Ksp , of AgBr.

mo1 AgBr 3 Ag(s) + 4 HNO3(aq) → 3 AgNO3(aq) + NO(g) + 2 H2O(l)

a. Write the expression for the solubility-product constant, Ksp , of AgBr.

b. Calculate the value of [Ag+] in 50.0 mL of a saturated solution of AgBr at 298 K.

Initial mass of filter paper

(d) Calculate in the student’s solution. 2.0x10-5M

(e) The value of of another silver salt, , is . If separate, saturated solutions of

larger arrangement while it has less electrons and a smaller arrangement.

(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is cooled to . Determine the mass of that

that would percipitate 0.79-0.61

a+ 85°- solution 0.61g

(k) Write the balanced net-ionic equation for the reaction.

weight by dissolving to form sc3t.

Initial mass of filter paper

(d) Calculate in the student’s solution.

smaller arrangement while it has more electrons and a larger arrangement.

(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is cooled to . Determine the mass of that

(k) Write the balanced net-ionic equation for the reaction.

weight by dissolving to form outs

Initial mass of filter paper

(d) Calculate in the student’s solution.

larger arrangement while it has less electrons and a smaller arrangement.

(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is cooled to . Determine the mass of that

(k) Write the balanced net-ionic equation for the reaction.

weight by dissolving to form Nit3

Initial mass of filter paper

(d) Calculate in the student’s solution.

(e) The value of of another chloride salt, , is . If separate, saturated solutions of

configuration between the twoions, Cutharing

(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is heated to . Determine the additional mass of

(k) Write the balanced net-ionic equation for the reaction.

Initial mass of filter paper

(d) Calculate in the student’s solution.

(h) A sample of a saturated solution at is heated to . Determine the additional mass of

(k) Write the balanced net-ionic equation for the reaction.

a. The atomic radius of Li is larger than that of Be.