POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH

BS Architecture Program

ARCH 30325
ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN- 7

SUBMITTED BY:

GIO LLOYD A. CAPISTRANO

BACHELOR OF SCIECE IN ARCHITECTURE- 4

SUBMITTED TO:

AR. RIZA RIZALINA A. QUINCINA

 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND:
Convention centers and Exhibition spaces
evolved from the open-air amphitheaters of the
GreekAgoras and Roman Forums, which were initially
intended for large commercial fair. The
firstconvention centers can be traced back to mid-
19th century Britain. Commonly known as
exhibitionhalls, the centers were designed to
bring together people to discuss and explore their
mutual interestof a subject. These imposing
Victorian buildings often covered several acres
and were multi-functionalincorporating lecture
halls, libraries, galleries, theatres and
exhibition areas.

The Crystal Palace, Hyde Park-FIG:

Among the first historical convention ce
nters constructed was The Crystal Palace in
London’s Hyde Park. Providing 92,000 m2 of
exhibition space, the building was erected in 1851
to house The GreatExhibition a grand show case of
modern industrial technology and design.Organized
by Prince Albert and inventor Henry Cole, the
Great Exhibition was an internationalplatform for
world powers to demonstrate their technological
and cultural achievements. Althoughcountries all
around the world could contribute, British
exhibits - from working machinery to scientificand
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

surgical instruments -took center stage,

promoting Britain’s position as a great industrial
power. In 1854 the Crystal Palace was dismantled
and re-built in Sydenham, an area of south London
whichby association became known as Crystal
Palace. Ravaged by fire in 1936, the building was
eventuallypulled down.

Bingley Hall, Birmingham-

Another key convention center in Britain’s
history is Bingley Hall, Birmingham. Constructed
in 1850
from surplus steels used to build Euston Station,
the exhibition hall boasted over an acre of
exhibitionspace and was serviced by ten
entrances.Bingley Hall was a primary meeting and
exhibition space and before it succumbed to fire
in 1984,hosted several key events, including
cattle shows, concerts and boxing matches. It was
also the center for British Prime Minister
Gladstone’s political rally in November 1888.
In Bingley Hall’s place now stands
Birmingham’s International Convention Centre
(ICC). Opened in
1991, the ICC is a major exhibition center
comprising ten halls which can accommodate up to
8,000visitors. The site also houses Symphony Hall,
a 2,000 seat concert hall, alongside shops and
cafes
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

INTRODUCTION:

Convention is the name given to a general or

formal meeting of a legislative body, social or
economic group in order to provide information on
a particular economic situation and in order to
deliberate and consequently, establish consent on
policies among the participants, usually of
limited duration with set objectives but no
determined frequency.”
The term Convention is widely used in much
discipline. A ‘Convention’ word in general can be
defined as
▪ A large formal assembly of a group with common
interests, such as a political party or trade
union
▪ The persons attending such an assembly
▪ (U.S. politics) an assembly of delegates of
one party to select candidates for office
▪ (Diplomacy) an international agreement second
only to a treaty in formality
▪ A telecommunications convention
▪ Any agreement, compact, or contract
▪ The most widely accepted or established view
of what is thought to be proper behavior, good
taste etc.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

Convention
– A large meeting of member of profession, a
political party, etc.
Center
- A place or an area where a lot of people live,
a place where a lot of business and cultural
activity takes place
A convention is not simply a space for looking at
or listening to a performance. A successful
convention for live performance supports the
emotional exchange between the performer and the
audience, and between members of audience. Thus,
conventions are usually general sessions, mostly
information giving, often formed around a
particular theme or subject matter of topic
interest and increasingly accompanied by
exhibits. In addition to need for large halls &
auditoriums required for the plenary sessions,
most conventions break down into smaller groups
to deliberate on particular matter of issue.

Convention Center
- A large civic building or group of buildings
designed for conventions, industrial shows, and
the like, having large unobstructed exhibit areas
and often including conference rooms, hotel
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

accommodations, restaurants, and

other facilities.
(www.dictionary.reference.com)A convention center
is generally defined as any property used in
connection with a convention or meeting center,
or similar facility, including auditoriums,
exhibition halls, facilities for food preparation
and serving, parking facilities, and
administrative offices. A number of states have
passed legislation enabling public funding to be
used for convention centers in an effort to
attract tourism and businesses to the local
economy.

PLANNING STANDARDS

ACCESS

KEY DESIGN CRITERIA- PROVIDE

1. Easily identifiable entrance and exit, and

clear external signage, which may need to be
illuminated.
2. Sufficient unloading/loading space to
accommodate multiple events.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

3. Level ground floor with loading docks of

sufficient size for all services including
client vehicles.
4. Large coach drop off and collection points
adjacent to main entrance, with sufficient
turning space and height, accessible under
cover.
5. Doors of sufficient width and height or
demountable/retractable walls to permit truck
access (trucks delivering exhibit and staging
equipment pose particular problems).
6. Floor loadings to permit truck access
7. Easily identifiable and weather protected
entrance and reception area for attendees.
8. Clearly identified disabled access.
9. In larger venues, security systems and
monitoring at loading docks.
10. Separate entry for venue staff.
11. Storage space (for several days) for pre-
congress consignments including exhibitors’
displays materials.

KEY MANAGEMENTDECISIONS – CONSIDER

1. Manager/security guard contactable direct

by phone.
2. Recording and coding of all deliveries.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

3. In larger venues, loading dock staffed at

nominated times, and a security management and
monitoring system in place.
4. Area to be clean, well-lit and secure with
plenty of trolleys for client use.
5. Provision of Concierge and porterage
services, which include provision for receipt of
urgent courier deliveries to front of house
rather than loading docks.
6. Security arrangements for VIPs.
7. Signage for dedicated service access routes.
8. Ready access for the PCO to storage areas.

PARKING
KEY DESIGN CRITERIA – PROVIDE

1. Plenty of space for parking while

unloading/loading goods and equipment with a
dedicated car park for vehicles delivering
goods or equipment.
2. Parking for trucks with sufficient height and
turning space where staging, audiovisual or
other equipment needs to be packed in or out
within a short time period.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

3. Long-term parking for trucks used for

transporting production equipment and
exhibitors’ displays.
4. Coach parking bays off street.
5. Sufficient undercover parking for attendees.
6. All parking, including venue staff parking,
should be secure.
7. Disabled spaces.
8. Direct access to venue lobby.
9. Clear directions for exiting car park.
10. Sufficient cashier stations (everyone likely
to leave at once).
11. Sufficient exits to street, with adequate
queuing lanes.

KEY MANAGEMENT DECISIONS – CONSIDER

1. A percentage of parking dedicated to meeting

attendees, provided free or at preferential
rates.
2. Designated reserved space for organizers’
access, provided free or at preferential
rates.
3. Clearly displayed height dimensions and
hours of operation in parking facilities.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

DELIVERY AND STORAGE

KEY DESIGN CRITERIA – PROVIDE
1. Color coded storage bays set aside for
specific meetings.
2. Facilities to store up to one week prior to
and two days after a meeting.
3. Storage available for meeting organizers,
exhibitors’ packaging materials and production
equipment cases or offsite storage provided by
a company with a delivery service to the
convention Centre on the setup day.

KEY MANAGEMENT DECISIONS –CONSIDER

1. Color coded pre-addressed labels to

differentiate meetings, matching color-
coded bays for different meetings.
2. Plenty of trolleys (and forklifts in larger
venues) and staff to assist build-up of
meeting and exhibition material.
3. Management guidelines for incoming and
outgoing goods.

TRANSPORT
KEY DESIGN CRITERIA – PROVIDE
1. Drive-up, drive-in access
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

2. Truck to trolley at loading docks or unload

by hoist.
3. pace for queuing buses.
4. Turning area for delivery trucks.
5. Feature lifts in larger multi-level venues.
6. Covered walkways connecting various areas
within and without the venue and weather
protection to transport pick up and drop off
points.
7. Easy access to public transport.
8. Easily identifiable taxi waiting bays and
call buttons.

KEY MANAGEMENT DECISIONS –CONSIDER

1. Address for delivery dock clearly shown on

brochures or letters to organizers.
2. People movers’ operating around site.
3. Shuttles from nearby hotels.
4. Schedule unloading pre-convention and
packing out postconvention.

FACILITIES– SIGNAGE
KEY DESIGN CRITERIA – PROVIDE

1. Clear signage on main access routes starting

as far away from the venue as possible.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

2. External signage to roof level sufficient

for identification of venue.
3. External signage at ground level sufficient
for direction of pedestrian and vehicular
traffic.
4. Temporary customizing e.g., with electronic
display to enable specific events to be
announced.
5. Flagpoles for clients’ flags or banners.
6. External and flood lighting consistent with
the image of the venue.
7. All external signs using
universal/international symbols.
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

CIRCULATION
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

DESIGN CONSIDERATION AND GUIDELINES:

Exhibition hall
The Exhibition Spaces are intended as a
combination of indoor and open-air exhibition
space inorder to create a strong relation between
covered and green open spaces through
thematiccontent. The goal is to create an
integrated expositive landscape and a Visitor
Experience thatimmediately establishes a positive
relationship between humankind and nature,
creating a bridgebetween the content of the Event
and the nature of exhibition spaces.
The exhibition hall provides optimal conditions
for
trade fairs
exhibits
conventions
events and galasAn exhibition hall can be
Open-air exhibition space
Covered exhibition space
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

OPEN-AIR EXHIBITION SPACE

The landscape design shall be developed in keeping
with the Theme and with the Participant’s
approach to it. Like architecture, the landscape
shall also help to tell intriguing stories about
thepleasures of the table, delightful scents or
strange and curious stories related to food
cultivation andprocessing. The landscape has to
document the most advanced research in the field
of foodproduction and the transformation of
agricultural products. Countries will showcase
theircapabilities in food production, the
biodiversity of their products, and their
agricultural and foodsupply chains.

Open spaces
A minimum of 30% of each lot must be dedicated to
open areas and greenery. Excluding lot setbacksthe
Open-air Exhibition Space represents around 50%
of each lot, where it is possible to build:

Structures used for plants ensuring soil

permeability (e.g. trellises, pergolas,
gardenstructures, planters).
Landscaping structure (e.g. structures used to
retain soil or other materials, pools,
exhibitionstructures, art works).
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

COVERED EXHIBITION SPACE

Covered Exhibition Spaces are buildings or
enclosed structures containing exhibition areas
or otherspaces, including all overhanging upper
floors or balconies. Participants may decide to
build morethan one level within the Covered part
of the Exhibition Space, based on their individual
needs.

Height of Buildings
• The height of the Co
vered part of Exhibition Space (or Building
Height) must be less than 12meters.
• The height limit for any additional
architectural elements (such as skylights, roof
elements, vertical
connections to the roof, sunscreens, signals,
etc.) is 17 meters.

Building Setbacks
• The setback from the main boulevard must be no
less than 10 meters, in order to create a small
square.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

• The distance between buildings and the side

street shall be no less than 2 meters; there shall
be
no building concession directly to sq
uares, greens, streets or public spaces, without
the 2 meters’
setback.
• The setback from the neighboring lot shall be
no less than 3 meters.

• The distance between buildings shall comply with

fire control requirements.

Indoor exhibition and Flow management

The indoor exhibition space design has to
offer to visitors a full immersion in the Theme
on thehuman scale with content presented at every
moment of the visit. The visitor should be guided
on adiscovery of the exhibition content using the
most innovative technology. The challenge lies
ingetting beyond the outdated paradigm of queues
and visitor flows to create an efficient,
dynamicand fluid experience.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

Entrance/Exit - Queue Management

In order to enhance visitor ease and reduce
queuing, the Organizer will set up a virtual
queuingsystem to improve Level of Service (LOS)
by reducing waiting time and optimizing the
waiting areasof other uses.Building entrances and
exits shall be designed taking into account the
surrounding conditions andlandscaping
requirements.

Exhibition spaces may have multiple

entrances/exits on different sides of the lot.
They mustprovide differentiated access for
visitors, including disabled, special
reserved visitors,reserved groups, workers
and finally supplies/waste.
If a main entrance for the Exhibition Space
is planned, it cannot give onto the
Decumanus.This side of the lot may only have
exits. The queuing area must not occupy or
overflow ontothe Decumanus.Goods entrance and
waste removal are planned during the event
closing hours and could be done byusing all
pedestrian access except the Decumanus area.

General guidelines for planning all sorts of

exhibitions can be summed up as:
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

Visitors should be correctly oriented inside

the exhibition area.
Viewers should be able to move through the
exhibit without being forced to walk past
objectsthey have already seen.
Adequate space should be provided for visitors
to move at different speeds. The
circulationspace should also allow the visitor
to take a quick look at the exhibits so that
they can decidewhich ones to examine in
detail.
A viewer tends to turn clockwise upon entering
the exhibit area. Circulation pattern shouldbe
designed with this in mind.
Spatial Requirements:
Functional areas
Receiving 5%
Food storage 20%
Preparation 14%
Cooking 8%
Baking 10%
Ware washing 5%
Traffic aisles 16%
Trash storage 5%
Employee facilities 16%
Miscellaneous 2%
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

Area Required:
❖ Per seat 1.5 – 2.15 sq. m.
❖ Ratio of service area to total area 25-50%
❖ Net kitchen area 15-25%

Aisle Width:
❖ Main – min. 2.00m wide
❖ Intermediate – min. 0.9m wide
❖ Side – min. 1.2m wide

Ceiling height of Dining room with respect to

Floor area:
≤50 sq. m. 2.5m
>50 sq. m. 2.75m
>100 sq. m. 3.00m
Above or below galleries ≥2.5m

Receiving Area:

❖ The main variables affecting the amount of

space needed for the receiving functionsare
the number, type and type of the deliveries
that are to be handled at onetime.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

❖ Ease of opening, checking, moving and stack

ability all have a bearing on the space
arerequired.
Serving Areas:
❖ Serving areas for most table facilities are
planned as a part of the main cooking area
andseparate space determination are not
usually needed

Dining Areas:
❖ Calculating the space requirements for
diningareas can be difficult because of the
manychoices available.
❖ For example, the final space for the
diningspace is dependent upon the following
variables:
1. Types of seating to be provided
2. Tables sizes desired
3. Table shapes desired
4. Pattern of table arrangements
5. Number of service stations needed
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH
BS Architecture Program

REFERENCES:

• https://www.academia.edu/25411799/Literature_Review_and_Case_Study_on_C
onvention_Center?fbclid=IwAR1-
x6fY8c8If_7Wmbd_cYUM_nd2VpU2co0cjmC4ce1jZ3m2O-fgOb2xWnk
• https://www.academia.edu/5872534/Design_standards_CONFERENCE_BUILDINGS_
EXHIBITION_and_RESEARCH_BUILDINGS?fbclid=IwAR1bgUII8CNimnpbtm1nrMHmxWSP
rl7LQw3JqKG5_sBfH8QII1O5I8Hw02I
• https://www.AAAacademia.edu/25411799/Literature_Review_and_Case_Study_o
n_Convention_Center?fbclid=IwAR0X17JpbsVRz-
GJhZFPfLZzAG5fMlbP2G9veWDrT3T6b2rr-78PhVcaCts
• https://www.academia.edu/5872534/Design_standards_CONFERENCE_BUILDINGS_
EXHIBITION_and_RESEARCH_BUILDINGS?fbclid=IwAR1bgUII8CNimnpbtm1nrMHmxWSP
rl7LQw3JqKG5_sBfH8QII1O5I8Hw02I
• WWW.GOOGLE.COM