THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Presented by: Alvin N. Castillo/

Jinggoy D. Agcaoili
BPE-1B
 The respiratory system aids in breathing, also called pulmonary ventilation. In
pulmonary ventilation, air inhaled through the nasal and oral cavities ( the nose and
mouth). It moves through the pharynx, larynx, and trachea into the lungs. Then air is
exhaled, flowing back through the same pathway.

LUNGS
-is located in the thorax, where its delicate tissues are protected by bony and
muscular thoracic cage.

DIAPHRAGM
-is a thin skeletal muscle that sits at the base of the chest and separates the
abdomen from chest.

The respiratory system includes the following components:

- nose and mouth
- pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (wind pipe), bronchi (two main
branches) which lead to the lungs.
- bronchioles (smaller branches), alveoli (air sacs) and blood capillaries within
the lungs.

COMPONENTS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS FUNCTION:

1. NOSE
-is the body's primary organ of smell and also function as part of the body's
respiratory system. Air comes into the body through nose.

2. MOUTH
-also known as the oral cavity, is the secondary external opening for the
respiratory tract. Most normal breathing takes place through the nasal cavity, but the
oral cavity can be used to supplement or replace the nasal cavity's functions when
needed.

3. PHARYNX (THROAT)
- is mainly to allow inhaled air entering the nasal cavity to make its way to the
respiratrory tract.

4. LARYNX (VOICE BOX)

- it plays a vital role in the respiratory tract by allowing air to pass through it
while keeping food and drink from b locking the airway.

5. TRACHEA (WINDPIPE)
-it is an integral part of the body's airway and has the vital function of providing
air flow to and from the lungs respiration.

6. BRONCHI (TWO MAIN BRANCHES)

-are extensions of the windpipe that shuttle air to and from the lungs.They are
part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system.
7. BRONCHIOLES (SMALLER BRANCHES)
-carry oxygen rich air out of the lungs, thereby aiding in the processes of
breathing ang respiration.

8. ALVEOLI (AIR SACS)

-are tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move
between the lungs and bloodstream.

The Process of Breathing

Their two main phases of breathing namely;

1. INHALATION
- also known as inspiration, this involves the contraction of the intercostals
and diaphragm. The thoracic cavity expands and more space is made available for the
lungs to expand.

2. EXCHALATION
- also known as expiration, is essentially the revers of the inhalation process.
This decrease in volume increases pressure in the lungs and the air is forced out from
the lungs back to the atmosphere.

The average respiration of an adult at rest is 10-15 breathes per minute.

Respiratory MUSCLE INVOLVED
MUSCLE INVOLVED 
AT REST
Phase IN EXERCISE

Diaphragm Intercostals
Diaphragm Intercostals
INHALATION
and
and

EXHALATION
None (passive) Abdominal Intercostals
HYPERVENTILATION
-is characterized by over-breathing and is typically triggeredby sudden bouts of
intense excitement and injury. During hyperventilation, rapid-breathing quickly
removes carbon dioxide from the body and is often accompanied by nausea, light-
headedness and tingling in the fingers due to change in the ph of the blood.
-a person with hyperventilation, should sit and stay calm and should be
encouraged to reduce his/her breathing rate back to normal.

VALSALVA MANOEUVRE
-this technical term used to describe against a closed airway. This is commonly
seen during exercise, especially weight training, when an individual holds
her/hisbreath which heightened the pressure in the thoracic cavity and blood flow is
stemmed, leading to dizziness, fainting or seeing spots. Regular breathing in weight
training and exercises should be encouraged to avoid valsalva manoeuvre.

QUESTIONNAIRE:

1. CNS-Stands for?
2.Connect the CNS to organs,limb,and skin.
3.The communication network that organized and ________ all the body function.
4-6.Give the three kinds of Neurons.
7-8.Receiving Deoxygenated blood from vena cava
9-10.2Types of vein
11.This system consist of heart,blood vessels, and blood.
12.General state at good physical health
13-14. 2 aspects of physical fitness.
15. Also known as inspiration
16.a type of gas that has been release from the body of human.
17.It is what we called windpipe
18. Is a thin skeletal muscle that sits at the base of chest.
19. Respiratory system is all about?
20. Pharynx is also known as?
21-23. What is the acronym that we gain on the benefits of physical fitness?
24. What is the term of happy hormone?
25.this is the reduction in the quantity of bones.

ANSWERS: