4/27/2016 H4P1: 

VACUUM DIODE | Homework 4 | 6.002.1x Courseware | edX

MITx: 6.002.1x Circuits and Electronics 1: Basic Circuit Analysis

Week 4 > Homework 4 > Homework 4

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 Textbook H4P1: VACUUM DIODE

 Overview (4/4 points)

Although vacuum tubes are no longer commonly used in computer or consumer
electronics, they still have a substantial niche in high-end audio, high-power radio
 Math Review
transmitters, particle accelerators, and microwave ovens.

 Entrance Survey A vacuum diode, the simplest vacuum tube, is an interesting two-terminal device.

 Week 1

 Week 2

 Week 3

 Week 4

Incremental Analysis
A vacuum diode's voltage-current characteristic is closely approximated by the Childs-
Dependent Sources and Langmuir Law, with one parameter called the perveance:
Amplifiers

Week 4 Tutorials

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Homework 4
Homework due May 12,
2016 at 16:00 UTC 

Lab 4
In this problem, we will use mA/V (see, for example, the 6AL5 twin diode).
Lab due May 12, 2016 at
16:00 UTC 
What is the current (in Amperes) for a bias voltage of V?

 Practice Exam
16*10^-3 
Problems (Not
Graded)

 Final Exam What is the incremental resistance (in Ohms) for the bias voltage of V?

166.66 
 Exit Survey

What is the current (in Amperes) for a bias voltage of V?

104.77*10^-3 

What is the incremental resistance (in Ohms) for the bias voltage of V?

89.08 

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H4P2: ZENER REGULATOR

(6/9 points)
A non-ideal voltage source can be modeled by a series combination of an ideal DC
voltage source, a resistance, and a small-signal voltage source. The small-signal source is
included to represent the noise inherent in the source. This model is illustrated in the
figure below:

In practice, connecting the non-ideal voltage source to a load may result in undesirable
effects due to the noise voltage appearing across the load.

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This problem studies such effects and how a Zener diode may be used to ameliorate the
problem. Assume that V, , and mV.

In the figure above, calculate the DC output voltage , and the output noise voltage
for two values of the load resistance.

For , the value of (in Volts) is:

6.333 

and the value of (in Volts) is:

0.033 

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For the value of (in Volts) is:

7.6 

and the value of (in Volts) is:

0.04 

Now, we can insert a Zener diode into the circuit, as shown below. The Zener diode is a
nonlinear device and a piecewise-linear approximation to its i-v characteristic is shown
graphically below.

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Again, we calculate (i.e. output noise) and (i.e. DC output voltage) for =2k and
=4k for this new circuit.

Hint: Your first job here is to determine which of the three regions of the piecewise-linear
characteristic of the Zener is the one containing the operating point: we suggest you
sketch a load line, but be very careful about the signs. Once you have determined where
the operating point is, you can model the Zener in the circuit with a series combination
of an independent voltage source and a resistor.

For the value of (in Volts) is:

And the value of (in Volts) is:

4.94*10^-5 

For the value of (in Volts) is:

And the value of (in Volts) is:

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4.99*10^-5 

What is the minimum value of , in Ohms, that guarantees that the circuit will operate
this way?

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H4P3: Dependent Source Circuit

(4 points possible)
PART A

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The figure above shows a circuit with a linear current-controlled-voltage-source and its
Thevenin equivalent model as seen from Port A. Given that
Determine the Thevenin voltage and the
Thevenin resistance .

What is the Thevenin voltage across port A, in Volts?

What is the Thevenin resistance as seen from port A in Ohms?

PART B

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The figure above shows a circuit with a linear voltage-controlled-voltage-source and its
Norton equivalent model as seen from Port B. Given that
, determine the Norton current
and Norton resistance .

What is the Norton equivalent current in Amperes?

What is the Norton resistance in Ohms?

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