Introduction To Practical

Chemistry for pharmacy

student
laboratory safety and glasswares
Prepared by:
M.Sc. Asmaa ghanim
M.Sc. Tarq Fareeq
Tariq.abdullah@hmu.edu.krd
Asma.dawod@hmu.edu.krd
 Contents
• Introduction

• Chemical analysis and its types

• Common Laboratory Glassware

& Equipments

• Lab safety
 Introduction
Chemistry is the science of the composition, structure,
properties and reactions of matter, especially of atomic
and molecular systems.

Life itself is full of chemistry; i.e., life is the reflection of

a series of continuous biochemical processes. Right from
the composition of the cell to the whole organism, the
presence of chemistry is conspicuous.
• In fact, chemistry is applied everywhere in modern life.
From the colouring of our clothes to the shapes of our
PCs, all are possible due to chemistry.

• It has played a major role in pharmaceutical advances,

forensic science and modern agriculture. Diseases and
their remedies have also been a part of human lives.

• Chemistry plays an important role in understanding

diseases and their remedies, i.e. drugs. The focus of
this section is given to the role of chemistry in modern
medicine
• Medicines or drugs that we take for the
treatment of various ailments are chemicals,
either organic or inorganic. However, most
drugs are organic molecules. Let us take
aspirin as an example. It is probably the most
popular and widely used analgesic drug
because of its structural simplicity and low
cost.
 Common Laboratory Glassware
&
Equipments

6 22 ،‫ تشرين الثاني‬02
Laboratory equipment refers to the tools and
equipment used by scientists working in a
laboratory which are generally used to either
perform an experiment or to take measurement
and data.

Measuring tools

testing tools
General View of Laboratory
Emil Erlenmeyer (28 June 1825 – 22 January 1909(
was a German chemist
 Amber Volumetric Flask
Plastic Volumetric Flask

The volumetric flask is used for measuring accurate volumes of liquid

materials for laboratory experiments. Volumetric flasks are calibrated
(standardized) to particular volumes. This allows for scientists to know exactly
how much liquid is contained in a specific flask when filled.
 Stoppers
Used to plug a flask or test tube for safe keeping.

Rubber Stopper

Glass Stopper Cork Stopper

 Beaker

Beakers are used for routine measuring and mixing in the lab.
They are used to measure volumes to within 10% accuracy
 Pipettes

Glass pipettes
Plastic Pipettes Disposable

Are used to measure and transfer small Volume

Pipette filler
 Graduated Cylinder

Used to measure the volume of liquids Graduated in mL.

 Watch Glass

Watch glasses are concave dishes that have a variety of uses. They can serve as lids
for flasks and beakers. Watch glasses are used for evaporating liquid off of
samples,
 Funnel

Glass Funnel Plastic Funnel

Aids in pouring liquids into small openings without spilling them.

Washing Bottle
Brush
 Test Tube & Rack

Test tubes are widely used in the laboratories to hold, mix, or

heat small quantities of solid or liquid chemicals.
Test Tube Holder
 Glass Rod (Stirrer)

Used to mix chemicals and liquids for laboratory purposes

 Burette
Used in analytical chemistry for the dispensing of variable,
measured amounts of a chemical solution
Stand & Clamp (Mask)
 Reagent Bottle
Are intended to contain chemicals in liquid or powder form for
laboratories and stored in cabinets or on shelves.
 Crucible
A crucible and cover is used
to hold small amounts of
chemicals during heating at
high temperatures. The lid
covers the bowl so nothing
escapes, or to keep oxygen
out of the reaction.
Mortar & Pestle
Used for crushing and grinding
 Desiccator
A common use for desiccators is to protect chemicals
which are hygroscopic or which react with water from
humidity
Filter Paper
Used for filtering
Filtration process
Tong
Spatula
Petri Dish
A shallow glass or
plastic cylindrical
lidded
Used to hold
samples for
observation and
to grow cultures.
slide and cover slip
 Watch glass and
Aluminium weighing dish
 Balance
• Sensitive Balance
 Hot Plate
Hot plate stirrer
Centrifuge
Oven
Tripod & Wire Gauze (Goz)
Burner (Bunsen burner)
Used for heating, sterilization, and combustion
 Lab. Hood
Work with volatile chemicals under a fume hood.

Chemical Hood Biological Hood

Protect Your Eyes and hands
Appropriate eye •
protection must be worn
at all times!

Inform your teacher if •

you wear contact lenses.
 Wear appropriate protective
clothing

Lab Coat can be used to protect good clothing and •

you
Loose clothing should not be worn because it may dip •
into chemicals or fall into a flame and catch fire
Wear shoes that cover your
feet.

Sandals and open- •

toed shoes do not
protect your feet
from broken glass
that is frequently
found in the lab
Do not smell any chemicals
directly!
Smell chemicals •
only if your
teacher
specifically tells
you to do so, then
use your hand to
fan the vapor to
your nose.
Do not pipet solutions by mouth!

Use a rubber •
suction bulb or
other device to
fill a pipet.
 Science Laboratory
Safety Symbols(signs)
Irritant- Substances that cause slight inflammation or
discomfort to the body.
Harmful - Substances that cause harm.
USEPA:any substance which may be harmful to the
environment or hazardous to your health if inhaled,
ingested or absorbed through the skin.
It means 'able to be lit on fire' and flammable means that
a material or chemical has the ability to catch fire.
Means that it can harm the environment or
aquatic environment
It means when ability to burnt or vanishes
means the substance has the ability to react with oxygen, usually
dangerously.
66
• Next lab :

• Measuring the Density of Solid

Compounds