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Norbury - Failures in Projects Involving Engineering Geology
Norbury - Failures in Projects Involving Engineering Geology
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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Engineering Geology
THOUGHTS ON SOME • GEOLOGY
FAILURES IN PROJECTS – Investigate the earth’s crust
• ENGINEERING
INVOLVING – Harness the forces of nature
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
• ENGINEERING GEOLOGY – my combination
– Investigate the near surface and obtain information to
allow safe and economic construction
David Norbury
Director - David Norbury Ltd © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D N D N
Engineering Geologist
Tension Engineering Geologist
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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Logging
MOVEMENTS Internal
Structure
• Movements not new – started at least one
earthworks season earlier
• Remedial toe loading done the previous year
• That became history with the 1984 collapse
• Forensic investigation to
– map deformations within the embankment in 3D
– investigate ground conditions beneath embankment
– record ground conditions outwith embankment
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D N D N
Engineering Geologist
Piston Engineering Geologist
Sampler
(250 mm dia) Split sample
– shear zone in
plastic clay core
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
N
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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FAILURES
CTA Heathrow (1994)
both quality and standards
• Training
– Precedent experience lost
• Technical
– Ground model flawed – ‘yellow clay’ left in place
– Internal shape of embankment
• Procedure
– Warnings from progressive failure ignored
• Cost
– Take bank down and rebuild
– Long delay in commissioning
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D N D N
Engineering Geologist
Sprayed Engineering Geologist
Sequential Excavation
lining
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
N
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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London Clay
Tunnel Logging
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
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David Norbury David Norbury
D Engineering Geologist
N D Engineering Geologist
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FAILURE TO ACHIEVE
CONCLUSION
QUALITY OR STANDARD
• These failures were avoidable/ predictable
• In these cases the requisite quality and
standards were not achieved. As a result • Carsington had “happened before”
– Safety suffered – Precedent experience lost
– Reputations were damaged – Generational memory failure
– Projects were delayed • HEX was predictable
– Costs increased – Multiple openings within a diameter
– Litigation was possible – “Soft” ground
After Bromhead 2016 – Poor recognition of ground-support interactions
• Any one of these is a high price to pay for not • So these are not unknowns (known or
achieving the requisite quality and standards unknown)
© David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017 © David Norbury Limited 2017 YGG Seminar 21 June 2017
David Norbury
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