Karol Carrera Gutiérrez.

3° “B”

WORD MEANING IMAGE

Genetics. The study of how, in all living things, the

characteristics and qualities of parents are
given to their children by their genes.

Gene. A part of the DNA in a cell that controls the

physical development, behaviour, etc. of
an individual plant or animal and is passed
on from its parents.

Chromosome. Any of the rod-like structures found in all

living cells, containing the chemical
patterns that control what an animal or
plant is like.

Allele. A gene that is found in one of two or more

different forms in the same position in a
chromosome, and so produces a particular
characteristic that can be different for
different people, such as eye colour.

Heterozygous. Having two different forms of a gene (=

part of a cell containing DNA information)
that controls a particular characteristic,
one inherited from each parent, and
therefore able to pass on either form.
Karol Carrera Gutiérrez.
3° “B”

Homozygous. Having two of the same form of gene (=

part of a cell containing DNA information)
that controls a particular characteristic and
is therefore able to pass on that form only.

Genome. The complete set of genetic material of a

human, animal, plant, or other living thing.

DNA bases. There are four nucleotides, or bases, in

DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine
(G), and thymine (T). These bases form
specific pairs (A with T, and G with C).

DNA. Deoxyribonucleic acid: the chemical,

present at the centre of the cells of living
things, that controls the structure and
purpose of each cell and carries genetic
information during reproduction.

Polypeptide. One of a group of polymers made from a

chain of amino acids.
Karol Carrera Gutiérrez.
3° “B”

Amino acid. Any of the chemical substances found in

plants and animals that combine to make
protein (= a substance necessary for the
body to grow).

Nucleotide. One of a group of chemical compounds

found in living cells in nucleic acids such
as DNA and RNA.

Locus. The place where something happens or

the central area of interest in something
being discussed.