PHOTOELECTRIC

EFFECT
HISTORY

1887
Once the ultraviolet light
shines on two metal
electrodes with a voltage
applied across them, the
light changes the voltage at
which sparking takes place.

HEINRICH RUDOLF HERTZ

HISTORY: PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
HISTORY

1889
When the shining
ultraviolet light hit
the cathode, the
current produced has
the same properties
as cathode rays.

J.J. THOMSON
HISTORY

1902
Electrically charged
particles are liberated
from a metal surface
when it is illuminated
and these particles
are identical to
electrons.
PHILIPP LENARD
HISTORY: PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
 HISTORY

1905
Each particle of light,
or photon, contains a
fixed amount of
energy, or quantum,
that depends on the
ALBERT
EINSTEIN light’s frequency.
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT:
HISTORY
HISTORY: PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: DEFINITION

It is a phenomenon in which electrically charged

particles are released from or within a material when it
absorbs electromagnetic radiation.
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: DEFINITION

PHOTOELECTRONS
ARE THE ELECTRONS
THAT ARE EJECTED
FROM THE SURFACE
WHEN LIGHT IS
INCIDENT ON IT AND
THIS PROCESS IS
COMMONLY
REFERRED TO AS
PHOTOEMISSION.
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: PRINCIPLE AND FACTORS
AFFECTING IT
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY FORMS THE BASIS
FOR THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT.

THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT DEPENDS ON :

THE INTENSITY OF INCIDENT RADIATION.

A POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METAL PLATE AND

COLLECTOR.

FREQUENCY OF INCIDENT RADIATION.

PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: MINIMUM
CONDITION
THRESHOLD FREQUENCY: LOWEST FREQUENCY OF INCIDENT LIGHT
OR RADIATION THAT WILL GENERATE A PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: MINIMUM CONDITION

THRESHOLD WAVELENGTH: THE METAL SURFACE WITH THE LARGEST

WAVELENGTH TO INCIDENT LIGHT IS KNOWN AS THE THRESHOLD WAVELENGTH
DURING ELECTRON EMISSION.
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: MINIMUM CONDITION

THRESHOLD ENERGY: MINIMUM AMOUNT OF THERMODYNAMIC WORK

REQUIRED TO REMOVE AN ELECTRON FROM A CONDUCTOR TO A LOCATION
IN THE VACUUM JUST OUTSIDE THE CONDUCTOR’S SURFACE.
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: EQUATIONS

THRESHOLD WAVELENGTH THRESHOLD ENERGY

PHOTOELECTRIC WAVE
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: EQUATIONS

THE MAXIMUM
KINETIC ENERGY
REMAINS CONSTANT
AS THE LIGHT
INTENSITY
INCREASES, BUT THE
VALUE OF
PHOTOCURRENT
INCREASES.
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: APPLICATION
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: APPLICATION
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: APPLICATION
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT: EXAMPLE PROBLEM
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