REVIEWER PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
only if it has been clearly formulated
LESSON 1- VISION, MISSION, AND CORE VALUES
OF QCU
A. Vision
To be recognized as the number one local
university of employable graduates.
B. Mission
To provide a comprehensive education that
enhances the lives of QCU students for
nation-building and as world citizens.
C. Core Values: E N J O Y
Embrace the
New normal with
Jointness of Undertakings
Organizational Adaptability
Yoke of efficiency and Effectiveness
Lesson 2 - COMMUNICATION: PRINCIPLES,
ELEMENTS, CATEGORIES, AND ETHICS
Communication - is the process of transmitting the
messages and receiving a response to the
messages.
The person who speaks the message is known as
server
The person who receives the messages is known as
receiver
The response to the message is feedback.
Methods of communication
● Oral
● Written
● Graphs
● Picture
Principles of effective communication
1. Principle of clarity - the beginning of all
communication is some message. The
message must be as clear as possible.
● Message can be conveyed properly
in the mind of the communicator.
2. Principle of objective - the purpose of
communication
3. Principle of understanding the receiver-
understanding is the main of any
communication.
4. Principle of completeness - the message to
be communicated must be adequate and
complete otherwise.
5. Principle of consistency - it should be
consistent with plans, policies, programs
and goals of the enterprise.
6. Principle of feedback - this principle calls
for a two-way process and provides an
opportunity for suggestion and criticism.
7. Principle of time - communicated at the
right time.
Communication process
● Two-way process wherein the message in
the form of ideas thoughts, feelings, and
opinions is transmitted and understood.
● Communis - means to share
7 Major elements of communication
1. Sender- The person who initiates the
conversation.
2. Encoding- Sender begins with the encoding
process. Non-verbal, sign, body gestures,
etc.
3. Message- Written, oral, symbolic, or
non-verbal such as body gestures, silence,
sighs, and sounds.
4. Communication Channel- medium.
5. Receiver- Intended or targeted.
6. Decoding- The receiver interprets the
sender's message.
7. Feedback - Final step.
10 Common barriers
1. Physical and psychological barriers
2. Emotional and cultural noise
3. Language
4. Nothing or little in common
5. Lack of focus
6. Information overload
7. Talking too much
8. Not being prepared
3 Categories of communication
1. Verbal communication - seems like the most
obvious of the different types of
communication(ex. formal/informal). Can
be practiced through reading and listening.
2. Non-verbal communication - provides some
insight into a speaker's word choice.
3. Visual communication - communicating
through maps, signs, etc.
Common ethics - is how a person uses language;
media, and journalism and creates relationships
that are guided by an individual's morals and
values.
Persuasive essay
● Attempt to get the reader to agree with
you.
● Presents arguments, research and ideas.
Parts of persuasive essay
● Introduction - describes the problem
● Counterargument - your argument
● Body Paragraphs - support your thesis
● Conclusion - summary
LESSON 3 - INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
Intercultural communication is a communication
between at least two people from different
cultures. A globalized society needs only to use
communication as a tool for better understanding
which will surely solve cultural differences and
diversity.
Globalization - makes international communication
and business management easier and efficient for
world trade. We can expand business relations to
all corners of the world.
Television was introduced in the Philippines in 1953
with the opening of DZAQ-TV Channel 3 of Alto
Broadcasting System in Manila.
Global communication is directly affected by the
process of globalization and helps to increase
business opportunities, remove cultural barriers
and develop a global village.
LESSON 5 - COMMUNICATION AID AND
STRATEGIES USING TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY
What is a communication aid?
•A communication aid is anything that helps a
person to communicate more effectively with
people around them.
•Communication Aids can be anything from
paper-based systems, for example simple letter
boards, through to sophisticated pieces of
computer equipment.
The Role Of Technology In The Evolution Of
Communication
•For as long as humans have been on this planet,
we’ve invented forms of communication—from
smoke signals and messenger pigeons to the
telephone and email—that have constantly
evolved how we interact with each other.
PRINTING PRESS
•The printing press was the big innovation in
communications until the telegraph was
developed.
•Printing remained the key format for mass
messages for years afterward, but the
telegraph allowed instant communication over
 vast distances for the first time in human
history.
•Before the printing press there were no books,
not in the sense that we understand them.
•There were manuscripts that were copied by
scribes, which contained inconsistencies and
embellishments, and modifications that suited
who the scribe was working for.
• Until Johannes Gutenberg’s 15th-century
invention of the movable type printing press,
books were painstakingly handwritten and no
two copies were exactly the same.
• The printing press made the mass production
of print media possible.
• Not only was it much cheaper to produce
written material, but new transportation
technologies also made it easier for texts to
reach a wide audience.
The printing press halted the evolution of
symbols: For the first time maps and numbers
were fixed.
•The printing press increased the speed of
communication and the spread of knowledge:
Far less man hours were needed to turn out 50
printed books than 50 scribed manuscripts
• One of the biggest developments in
communication came in 1831 when the
electric telegraph was invented.
• The contemporary media age can trace its
origins back to the electrical telegraph,
patented in the United States by Samuel Morse
in 1837. Thanks to the telegraph,
communication was no longer linked to the
physical transportation of messages;
TELEGRAPH
• Developed in the 1830s and 1840s by Samuel
Morse and other inventors, the telegraph
revolutionized long-distance communication.
• It worked by transmitting electrical signals over
a wire laid between stations.
• In addition to helping invent the telegraph, the
Morse code assigned a set of dots and dashes
to each letter of the English alphabet and
allowed for the simple transmission of complex
messages across telegraph lines.
• In 1844, Morse sent his first telegraph message,
from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Maryland;
by 1866, a telegraph line had been laid across
the Atlantic Ocean from the United States to
Europe.
• Telegraph usage faded as radio became easy to
use and popularized;
RADIO
•Radio is more than just announcers, news and
songs.
•Radio is about companionship and the
emotional connection with the listener.
•Radio broadcasts provide real-time information,
and some that broadcast 24 hours a day, can
provide the most recent updates to listeners.
•Radio has the ability to reach across borders
and can become a valuable source of
information where reliable news is scarce. The
presence of radio in the home also heralded the
evolution of consumer culture in the United
States.
•In 1941, two-thirds of radio programs carried
advertising.
•Radio has allowed advertisers to sell products
to a closed audience.
•This type of mass marketing has ushered in a
new era of consumer culture.
•As the radio was being developed, the
telephone quickly became the fastest way to
communicate person-to-person
TELEPHONE
•In 1849, the telephone was invented and within
50 years it was an essential item for homes and
offices, but tethering impacted the flexibility
and privacy of the device.
•Telephones made it easier for businesses to
communicate with each other.
•It cut down on the amount of time it took to
send messages to each other.
•As the telephone network grew, it also
expanded the area that a business could reach.
•Businesses began to use telephones to connect
offices with each other and to build a stronger
network of customers.
 •The telephone revolutionized the way that
people communicated with each other.
•Many businesses benefited from the
advancements in communication.
•As telephones have continued to evolve from
landlines and switchboards to cell phones and
cell towers, the use of telephones has shaped
the way that businesses connect to
individuals.
•Telemarketers came about as a way to reach
customers in their own homes.
•These companies could connect with customers
to learn about marketing needs and to conduct
surveys or sell products directly to customers.
•It also made it easier to reach a wider available
audience and made it easier for potential
customers to contact the business to ask
questions.
TELEVISION
•Television facilitates one-way communication
between the sender and the receiver.
•This allows the sender to persuade, entertain,
inform and empower the audience.
•Television is widely used as a mass medium for
advertising. Due to its ability to reach a massive
number of households, TV has become a
powerful way to promote products and
services.
•For decades, television channels have sold
blocks of broadcast time to fund their
programs.
• Commercials that span a few seconds to a
minute (or longer) appear between shows,
sporting events and news broadcasts, all
communicating about different products and
services.
• Depending on the popularity of the television
program and the timespan given to the
commercial, the channel can charge a high
amount to the advertiser.
• After television was perfected and content for it
was well developed, it became the dominant
form of mass-communication technology;
• the internet came next, and newspapers, radio,
telephones, and television are being rolled into
this far-reaching information medium.
INTERNET
•Internet has opened a new world for many
people around the world.
•Many opportunities are available here. It is a
manifestation of never-ending innovation and
creativity.
•It knows no boundary but brings huge
economic chances for people in every country.
• Internet allows people to improve the quality of
their life.
• It opens access to the previously inaccessible
things.
• With almost three millions of users, internet
has been emerging as one of the most
important tools of communication.
• The internet has made communication easier
and faster, it’s allowed us to stay in contact with
people regardless of time and location.
• It’s accelerated the pace of business and
widened the possibilities within the enterprise
space.
• It’s allowed people to find their voice and
express themselves through social media,
YouTube, and memes. The internet has
connected and divided us like nothing before.
• Now, digital methods have superseded almost
all other forms of communication, especially in
business.
EMAIL
•Email (or e-mail) communication can be defined
as the exchange of short informational
messages between at least two people over a
computer network.
•These messages containing plain text, images or
document attachments are delivered through
email web-based services like Gmail, Outlook,
or Yahoo.
• Email is an important method of business
communication that is fast, cheap, accessible
and easily replicated. Using email can greatly
benefit businesses as it provides efficient and
effective ways to transmit all kinds of electronic
data.
The advantages of using email
Email can increase efficiency, productivity, and your
business readiness. Using email in business is:
• cheap - sending an email costs the same
regardless of distance and the number of
people you send it to
• fast - an email should reach its recipient in
minutes, or at the most within a few hours
• convenient - your message will be stored until
the recipient is ready to read it, and you can
easily send the same message to a large
number of people
• permanent - you can keep a record of messages
and replies, including details of when a
message was received
Disadvantages of using email
• Despite the host of benefits, there are certain
weaknesses of email that you should be aware
of, such as
• Spam - unsolicited email can overwhelm your
email system unless you install a firewall and
anti-spam software. Other internet and email
security issues may arise, especially if you're
using the cloud or remote access.
• Viruses - easily spread through email
attachments. See how to detect spam,
malware, and viruses.
• Sending emails by mistake - at a click of a
button, an email can go to the wrong person
accidentally, potentially leaking confidential
data and sensitive business information. You
should take care to minimize the likelihood of
business data breaches and theft.
• Data storage - electronic storing space can
become a problem, particularly where emails
with large attachments are widely distributed.
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY
• The first instance of wearable technology was a
handsfree mobile headset launched in 1999,
which became a piece of tech synonymous with
city workers.
• It gave businesspeople the ability to answer
calls on the go, most importantly, while driving.
• Ten years ago, the idea that you could make a
video call from an item other than a phone
would have been a sci-fi dream.
• Now, with smartwatches, audio sunglasses, and
other emerging wearable technology, these
capabilities are a part of our daily lives.
VIRTUAL REALITY
•The next generation of VR has only been
around since 2016, but it’s already shaking up
communications.
•The beauty of VR—presence—means you can
connect to someone in the same space at the
same time, without the time sink and cost of
travel, even if participants are on different
continents.
• VR also helps to facilitate better
communication.
• In a typical discussion, a lot of information is
non-verbal communication which can be
transcribed in VR.
• Voice tone, hesitations, and head, and hand
movements greatly improve the understanding
of the participants' emotions and intents.
• Plus in VR, all distractions are removed and
people can be fully focused on what is
happening around them.
• In fact, MeetinVR claims that there is a 25%
increase in attention span when meeting in
virtual reality compared to video conferencing.
• In addition, research suggests we retain more
information and can better apply what we have
learned after participating in virtual reality.
• 3D is a natural communication language
overcoming linguistic barriers as well as
technical jargon.
5G
• 5G, the 5th generation of mobile network,
promises much faster data download and
upload speeds, wider coverage, and more
stable connections.
• These benefits will bring about significant
improvements in communication.
Instantaneous communication will be possible
and those patchy frustrating video calls will be a
thing of the past.
How Has Technology Improved Communication?
• Gone are the days when people used to travel
on horses and camels from one place to
another.
• The invention of the automobile has changed
the notions of transportation.
• Similarly, the concept of communication has
evolved radically since Graham Bell invented
the first telephone.
• Technology and communication are two sides
of the same coin.
• Technology in communication is affecting us in
so many ways.
Do you know how technology has improved
communication and how technology improves
communication?
• Technology is volatile, hence a progressive
thing. It keeps on changing and rapidly moving
forward.
• We have reached a point where instant
communication anywhere in the world is a
possibility.
• We are witnessing the pinnacle of globalization,
and no one knows what else is to come.
• Nevertheless, technology has positively
impacted the sector of communication in
numerous ways.
The following points are indicative of the fact how
advancement in technology aids in improving
communication
1. Better Interaction
• Communication is instant now. It is how
technology has affected communication in the
modern world. We were expected to wait for
several days and even months to receive a reply
from the other side in earlier times. This
modern era has eliminated this requirement.
• Technology has come up with new ways of
communication; online means being the most
prevalent one.
• It is common to meet people of different
cultures and communities on online forums and
instantly communicate with them.
• Chat rooms and discussion forums enable
people to meet each other without having to be
there in person.
• This has given them much more flexibility when
it comes to dealing with social anxiety.
• Online relationships are now becoming a social
norm.
• Social media platforms, Twitter, WhatsApp,
Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, etc., are
examples of how communication has changed.
It allows people to connect with anyone
globally. It also allows people to show their
skills and creativity to the whole world.
2. Speed
• This is clearly the biggest improvement
communication has experienced through
technology – speed.
• Modern communication is instant. You receive
the message the other is trying to convey
within milliseconds.
• Wireless signals, satellites, undersea cables, and
other advanced technology helps
communication by ensuring the instant delivery
of messages and other forms of data to any
location on the planet. It also means the user
doesn’t have to be physically present at specific
places like the post office or mail room. He can
send the message from the comfort of his
home, or anywhere his phone finds a signal.
• Initially, users sometimes faced problems in
sending and receiving messages via mobile
phones. But as the technology improved,
internet speed/strength also increased with
time and still improving every day. Even people
in remote areas are connected with the world.
People are virtually connected, which is a result
of improved communication systems.
3. Reliability
• Electronically transmitting these messages is
much more reliable than using physical letters.
• Chatting apps are a norm now, which eliminates
the possibility of an error happening in the
transmission.
• As long as data lines are secure, you can rely on
your device to convey the message on the other
side.
 • It can get hindered due to glitches and errors
from weather conditions or human faults.
• There is one risk of hackers who can try stealing
data and information shared on communication
platforms. However, most messaging platforms
like WhatsApp come with end-to-end
encryption, making it hard for the developers to
decrypt them.
4. Easy Self-Service
• Another example of technology improving
communication includes easy self-service.
• It allows customers to order products using
voice commands on IoT quickly.
• They can also try out the products using
augmented reality without interacting with
company associates and employees.
• Most information and queries related to
products and services are available easily on
the company’s website.
• The customer can seek an answer by visiting
the forum or knowledge base on the website.
Some companies also provide video tutorials,
articles, walkthrough guides, onboarding
emails, etc.
Lesson 7 - COMMUNICATION FOR ACADEMIC
PURPOSES
Academic Communication - also called scholarly
communication. Communication refers to methods
of communication that are highly structured and
generally only used in pedagogical settings. It
involves presenting ideas effectively and formally in
a scholastic environment. It can include the words
and structures used to express ideas, as well as the
methods by which ideas are disseminated.
Academic writing - is a formal style of writing used
in universities and scholarly publications. It is clear,
concise, focused, structured, and backed up by
evidence. Its purpose is to aid the reader’s
understanding. It has a formal tone and style, but it
is not complex and does not require the use of long
sentences and complicated vocabulary.
Types of academic text
1. Essay - fairly short, self-contained argument,
often using sources from a class in response
to a question provided by the instructor.
2. Research paper - more in-depth
investigation based on independent
research, often in response to a question
chosen by the student.
3. Thesis/dissertation - the large final research
project undertaken at the end of a degree,
usually on a topic of the students choice.
4. Research proposal - an outline of a potential
topic and plan for a future dissertation or
research project.
5. Literature review - a critical synthesis of an
existing research topic, usually written in
order to inform the approach of a new piece
of research.
6. Lab report - a write-up of the aims,
methods, results and conclusions of a lab
experiment.
7. Annotated bibliography - a list of books or
other works) that includes descriptive and
evaluative comments about the sources
cited in your paper. These comments are
also known as annotations.
Academic writing is
1. Formal and unbiased - conveying
information in an impartial way. All claims
should be supported with relevant
evidence, not just asserted.
2. Clear and precise - It’s important to use
clear and precise language to ensure that
your reader knows exactly what you mean.
This means being as specific as possible and
avoiding vague language
3. Focused and well structured - it needs to
have a clear purpose.
4. Well sourced - they use source to support
its claims.
 5. Correct and consistent - applying stylistic
conventions.
Academic writing is not..
1. Personal - avoid being too personal
2. Long-winded - aim to be as concise and
direct as possible.
3. Emotive and grandiose - you should avoid
appeals to emotion and inflated claims.
Characteristics of academic writing
1. Planned and focused: answers the question
and demonstrates an understanding of the
subject.
2. Structured: is coherent, written in a logical
order, and brings together related points
and material.
3. Evidenced: demonstrates knowledge of the
subject area, supports opinions and
arguments with evidence, and is referenced
accurately.
4. Formal in tone and style: uses appropriate
language and tenses, and is clear, concise
and balanced
APA Reference (American Psychological Association)
Author’s surname, initials(s).(date published).title
of source.location of publisher: publisher.retrieved
from URL
Plagiarism is presenting someone else’s work or
ideas as your own, with or without their consent,
by incorporating it into your work without full
acknowledgement.
Footnotes-These numbers usually appear as
superscripts and correspond with numbers placed
at the bottom of the page, next to which appears
further information that is both necessary and
supplementary. Sometimes this information will
come in the form of citations, but sometimes it will
simply present additional notes about the topic at
hand.
"citation"is the way you tell your readers that
certain material in your work came from another
source.
A bibliography is a list of all of the sources you have
used (whether referenced or not) in the process of
researching your work.
Lesson 8 - BUSINESS LETTER
Business letters- are formal paper communications
between businesses and usually sent through the
post office or by courier. Called as snailmail
- Most people who have an occupation have
to write business letters.
- Sender and recipient
- Any business letter is a legal document
between the interested parties
- These letters can be held for 7 years.
Basic elements of a business letter
Format of business letter
1. Sender's address - letterhead, one line
above the date
2. Date - when the letter was written, best to
use U.S standard format (september
20,2022), use the date when the letter was
finished
3. Receipts address - one line below the date,
first line: name, 2nd line: job title, 3rd line:
company name, then the remaining line
includes the address
4. Salutation - the name and title of the
recipient, followed by colon
5. Body - 1st: introduce yourself and state why
you are writing, 2nd: expand on why you
are writing with background information
and important details, 3rd: restate the
purpose of the letter.
 6. Closing / signature - stick with a more 2. Quality of the paper
formal closing such as “ sincerely” or “ 3. Color of the paper
thank you” 4. Folding of letter
7. Enclosures - additional items to enclose 5. Envelope
with the letter, list them so the recipient
will remember.

Margin - Top margin should be 2 inch and all other

margins should be 1 inch.

Font - times new roman , 12

Punctuation - colon after salutation, comma after

closing.

Format and tone

● Block format - common layout of a business
letter, the entire letter is left justified and
single in spaced except for double space
between paragraphs.
● Modified block - date and closing is at
center point.
● Semi-block - least used, much like modified
block style, except that each paragraph is
indented instead of left justified.

Inner quality of business letter

1. Clear
2. Simple - no fancy words
3. Concise - to the point
4. Concrete - specific
5. Accuracy - no error in grammar
6. Coherent - must be in logical way
7. Complete-provide all necessary information.
8. Relevance - must only contain important
information.
9. Courteous - open, friendly and honest in his
letter .
10. Neatness

Other quality of business letter - outer appearance

1. Size of the paper